Motor Control on the Move - from Insights in Insects to General Mechanisms.

This review discusses how the nervous system controls the complex body movements keeping animals up and running. In particular, we revisit how research in insects has shed light onto motor control principles that govern movements across the animal kingdom. Starting with the organization and evolution of the insect nervous system, we discuss insights into the neuronal control of behaviors varying in complexity, including escape, flight, crawling, walking, grooming, and courtship.

Outcomes of Revision surgery for surgically treated insertional Achilles tendinopathy.

Introduction: There is a clear roadmap for the treatment of primary insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT), but data on the outcome of revision surgery is missing. The current study aimed to analyze the outcome following revision surgery for surgically failed IAT.

Material And Methods: Included were patients with IAT revision surgery at a single reference center (01/2010-10/2016) and a follow-up of at least 12 months.

Impaired Hemostatic and Immune Functions of Platelets After Acute Thrombocytopenia.

Background: Platelets are pivotal in maintaining vascular integrity, hemostasis, and immune modulation, with newly generated, immature platelets being the most responsive in fulfilling these tasks. Therefore, the immature platelet fraction provides insights into thrombopoiesis dynamics and clinical prognostication. However, it is currently unclear how immature platelet functions change in settings of acute thrombocytopenia.

An sRNA overexpression library reveals AbnZ as a negative regulator of an essential translocation module in Caulobacter crescentus.

Small RNAs (sRNAs) play a crucial role in modulating target gene expression through short base-pairing interactions and serve as integral components of many stress response pathways and regulatory circuits in bacteria. Transcriptome analyses have facilitated the annotation of dozens of sRNA candidates in the ubiquitous environmental model bacterium Caulobacter crescentus, but their physiological functions have not been systematically investigated so far. To address this gap, we have established CauloSOEP, a multi-copy plasmid library of C.

Modifying the Glycocalyx of Melanoma Cells via Metabolic Glycoengineering Using -Acetyl-d-glucosamine Analogues.

Tumor cells are decorated with aberrant glycan structures on cell surfaces. It is well known that the glycocalyx serves as a main cellular regulator, although its role in cancer is still not completely understood. Over recent decades, several non-natural monosaccharides carrying clickable groups have been introduced in melanoma cells.

A social information processing perspective on social connectedness.

Social connectedness (SC) is one of the most important predictors for physical and mental health. Consequently, SC is addressed in an increasing number of studies, providing evidence for the multidimensionality of the construct, and revealing several factors that contribute to individual differences in SC. However, a unified model that can address SC subcomponents is yet missing.

The multifaceted role of vitreous hyalocytes: Orchestrating inflammation, angiomodulation and erythrophagocytosis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Background: Despite great advances in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) therapy over the last decades, one third of treated patients continue to lose vision. While resident vitreous macrophages called hyalocytes have been implicated in the pathophysiology of vitreoretinal proliferative disease previously, little is known about their exact role in PDR. In this study, we address molecular and cellular alterations in the vitreous of PDR patients as a means towards assessing the potential contribution of hyalocytes to disease pathogenesis.

Development and validation of a cost-effective DIY simulation model for McDonald cerclage training.

Purpose: The prevention of preterm birth is a challenging task for obstetricians. Cervical cerclage, used as both a primary and secondary prevention method for spontaneous preterm birth, is a crucial surgical intervention. It is essential that obstetricians can learn this procedure in a simulated environment before performing the stitches on high-risk patients.

Influence of Process Conditions During Aqueous and Direct Recycling of NMC811 Cathodes.

This study investigated the impact of various process conditions on the aqueous, direct recycling of LiNiMnCoO (NMC811) cathodes. Three model systems were used. The first system assumes that the current collector delamination is performed in a dry environment without the use of water as a process medium.

Meta AI literacy scale: Further validation and development of a short version.

The concept of AI literacy, its promotion, and measurement are important topics as they prepare society for the steadily advancing spread of AI technology. The first purpose of the current study is to advance the measurement of AI literacy by collecting evidence regarding the validity of the Meta AI Literacy Scale (MAILS) by Carolus and colleagues published in 2023: a self-assessment instrument for AI literacy and additional psychological competencies conducive for the use of AI. For this purpose, we first formulated the intended measurement purposes of the MAILS.

Pro-inflammatory NK-like T cells are expanded in the blood and inflamed intestine in Crohn's disease.

Altered intestinal immune homeostasis leads to chronic inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD). To address disease- and tissue-specific alterations, we performed a T cell-centric mass cytometry analysis of peripheral and intestinal lymphocytes from patients with CD and healthy donors' PBMCs. Chronic intestinal inflammation enforced activation, exhaustion, and terminal differentiation of CD4 and CD8 T cells and a relative enrichment of CD4 regulatory T (Treg) cells.

Comparative Study on Postoperative Immobilization in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: 4 Weeks vs. 6 Weeks of Immobilization Yields Similar Clinical and Functional Outcomes.

: To investigate clinical and functional outcomes of patients undergoing reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) using a rehabilitation protocol of either 4 or 6 weeks of immobilization. : This comparative study analyzed a consecutive patient cohort that underwent RTSA in a single institute from January 2021-February 2023. Patients were assigned to groups according to the duration of postoperative immobilization and were followed up for a minimum of one year.

Bismuth Bound to Transition Metals: Visible-Light-Induced Olefin Coordination, Reductive Elimination, and Oxidative Addition.

A series of dibenzobismepinyl (CHBi) substituted transition metal complexes of the type [(CHBi)M(CO)(L)] (M=Mn, Co, Fe) was prepared in salt elimination reactions from a halobismepine and sodium metallates. Irradiation of these complexes with visible light has been investigated, aiming at the elimination of one carbonyl ligand and the concomitant coordination of the bismepine's olefin moiety to the transition metal center. The resulting complexes of the type [{κC,κBi-(CH)Bi}M(CO)(L)] (M=Co, Fe) have been isolated and fully characterized.

Push-Pull Intercropping Increases the Antiherbivore Benzoxazinoid Glycoside Content in Maize Leaf Tissue.

Push-pull technology refers to a promising mixed cropping practice for sustainable agricultural intensification, which uses properties of intercrop and border crop species to defend a focal crop against pests. Currently, the most widely practiced system uses spp. as intercrop and Brachiaria or Napier grass as border crops to protect maize () against both insect pests and parasitic weeds.

USP10 drives cancer stemness and enables super-competitor signalling in colorectal cancer.

The contribution of deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) to β-Catenin stabilization in intestinal stem cells and colorectal cancer (CRC) is poorly understood. Here, and by using an unbiassed screen, we discovered that the DUB USP10 stabilizes β-Catenin specifically in APC-truncated CRC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies, including in vitro binding together with computational modelling, revealed that USP10 binding to β-Catenin is mediated via the unstructured N-terminus of USP10 and is outcompeted by intact APC, favouring β-catenin degradation.

My turn or yours? Me-you-distinction in feature-based action planning.

Binding accounts propose that action planning involves temporarily binding codes of the action's unique features, such as its location and duration. Such binding becomes evident when another action (B) is initiated while maintaining the Action Plan A. Action B is usually impaired if it partially overlaps with the planned Action A (as opposed to full or no feature overlap).

One immune cell to bind them all: platelet contribution to neurodegenerative disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) collectively affect a significant portion of the aging population worldwide. The pathological progression of AD involves not only the classical hallmarks of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque buildup and neurofibrillary tangle development but also the effects of vasculature and chronic inflammatory processes. Recently, platelets have emerged as central players in systemic and neuroinflammation.