Investigating the dynamic relationship of sleep-disordered breathing, orthodontic treatment needs, and dental esthetics in the general population.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is characterized by upper airway dysfunction and is linked to severe health issues. Individuals with SDB have distinct craniofacial morphology for which orthodontists are most suitable for the management due to their dental expertise.

Aim: This study aims to discern key differences in dental parameters between individuals with and without SDB.

Diabetes Care: An Online Web-Based Tool for Improving the Health Outcomes of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Diabetes is a chronic medical condition with severe complications, mainly caused by unhealthy lifestyles in genetically susceptible individuals. There has been a growing interest in the role of mobile health technologies in achieving better self-efficacy in managing diabetes. This study attempts to assess the impact of a web-based model on improving the diabetes status among Type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary care hospital in southern India.

Efficacy and Safety of Novel Twincretin Tirzepatide, a Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, as an Anti-obesity Medicine in Individuals Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

To date, no meta-analysis has analyzed the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide as an anti-obesity medication in individuals without diabetes. This meta-analysis was undertaken to address this knowledge gap. Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving individuals with obesity without diabetes receiving tirzepatide in the intervention arm and placebo in the control arm.

Role of Obeticholic Acid, a Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist, in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Obeticholic acid (OCA) has emerged as a promising drug in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This meta-analysis aimed to analyse the therapeutic effect of OCA on NAFLD. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients with NAFLD receiving OCA in the intervention arm and placebo in the control arm were searched throughout the electronic databases.

Rapid Shallow Breathing Index and Ultrasonographic Diaphragmatic Parameters as Predictors of Weaning Outcome in Critically Ill Patients on Mechanical Ventilation.

Background: Successful weaning is a crucial element in care toward critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation. An attempt was made to propose and assess a reliable predictor of weaning outcome.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 76 patients on mechanical ventilation, assessed by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score.

Assessment of self-care practices & associated factors among hypertensives in urban slum areas of Mysuru city: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Background & objectives Hypertension is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and premature mortality worldwide, particularly affecting low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). This study focused on evaluating self-care practices among hypertensive affected individuals in urban slum areas of Mysuru city, India, and explore associated factors and their relationship with hypertension control levels. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2022 to August 2023, enrolling 650 hypertensive affected individuals from 63 urban slums of Mysuru city.

Mapping changes in the utilization of childhood immunization over 5 years in a south Indian tertiary care hospital.

Background: Altered vaccine demands and uneven utilization patterns in childhood immunization are evident nationwide. These variabilities may stem from a range of internal and external factors influencing parental preferences. Regular checks and balances are necessary to ensure equal accessibility for all sections of society.

Genetic Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Diabetic Foot Ulcers in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Mysuru, South India.

Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common complications in diabetes patients, often leading to sepsis and leg amputation. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in DFUs pose challenges due to methicillin resistance with and genes. This study aims to assess the prevalence of MRSA in clinical isolates from DFUs, analyze the antibiogram of MRSA isolates, and detect the presence of the and genes among MRSA isolates.

Serum lipid peroxidation potential as a biomarker for risk-stratification of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: We examined the serum lipid peroxidation potential as an estimate of systemic oxidative stress levels in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk stratification.

Methods: We prospectively recruited patients and categorized them into four subgroups based on diabetes and severity of CAD [Gensini score <20, non-significant CAD; Gensini score >20, significant CAD]: non-diabetics with non-significant CAD, diabetics with non-significant CAD, non-diabetics with significant CAD and diabetics with significant CAD. Lipid profile, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and oxidized LDL were assessed.

Survey of Felt Needs Among Teachers of Psychiatry in Institutes of National Importance (INI) to Improve the Quality of Undergraduate and Postgraduate Training.

Background: Several institutes of national importance (INI) have been established in the last few years to improve the quality of medical education in the country. Most INIs are autonomous and outside the purview of the National Medical Commission (NMC). Little is known about the needs of the psychiatry teachers working in INIs.

Catatonia in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Series.

Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) presents a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its varied clinical manifestations. The prevalence of NPSLE ranges widely, reported between 37% and 95% in different case series, reflecting this condition's complex and heterogeneous nature. Here we report three cases of juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presenting with catatonia as a rare neuropsychiatric manifestation.

Multicentric Osteolysis Nodulosis and Arthropathy (MONA): A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Multicentric Osteolysis Nodulosis and Arthropathy (MONA) is a rare skeletal disorder driven by mutations in the MMP2 gene, leading to bone and joint degradation. This case series presents three unique MONA cases, highlighting clinical, radiological, and genetic aspects. These insights shed light on the complexities of MONA, aiding early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management.

Burden of vaso-occlusive crisis, its management and impact on quality of life of Indian sickle cell disease patients.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) with vaso-occlusive pain crisis (VOC) significantly impacts patient well-being and often results in extensive healthcare resource utilization. This study assessed the VOC burden, its management and its impact on patients' quality of life (QoL). A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between November 2021 and June 2022, including 1000 SCD patients from high-prevalence states in India.

Meta-Analysis and DIA-MS-Based Proteomic Investigation of COPD Patients and Asymptomatic Smokers in the Indian Population.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is India's second largest cause of death and is largely caused by smoking. Asymptomatic smokers develop COPD due to genetic, environmental, and molecular variables, making early screening crucial. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) based-proteomics offers an unbiased method to analyze proteomic profiles.

Natural product-inspired [3 + 2] cycloaddition-based spirooxindoles as dual anticancer agents: synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation by and methods.

Breast and colorectal cancers are the most common tumors, with high recurrence and low survival rates. We designed and synthesized a series of spirooxindole pyrrolidinyl derivatives, which were further evaluated for anti-proliferative activity using MDA-MB-468 and HCT 15 cell lines. The best inhibitor of this class, compound 6f, showed a very good inhibition potency, both on the MDA-MB-468 and HCT 15 cells as confirmed by molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies that predicted its binding mode into the active site of the targets.

Detection of transcriptionally active high-risk human papillomavirus in patients with oesophageal carcinoma by real-time PCR.

Background: Oesophageal malignancies (OC) are the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Traditional risk factors for OC include smoking, alcohol consumption, and poorly controlled acid reflux; however, the trends in the last decade have pointed out the potential carcinogenic roles of infectious agents, especially Human Papillomavirus (HPV), in the development of OC. The prevalence of HPV infection in OC varies greatly worldwide, mainly due to the inconsistencies of the detection assays employed.