Navigating the clinical landscape: Update on the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma, a complex hematologic malignancy, has devastating consequences for patients, including dramatic bone loss, severe bone pain, and pathological fractures that markedly decrease the quality of life and impact the survival of affected patients. This necessitates a refined understanding of biomarkers for accurate diagnosis and prognosis of such severe malignancy. Therefore, this article comprehensively covers current research, elucidating the diverse spectrum of biomarkers employed in clinical settings.

Safety and Efficacy of the Novel RNA Interference Therapies for Hypertriglyceridemia and Mixed Hyperlipidemia Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: No meta-analysis has holistically analyzed and summarized the safety and therapeutic efficacy of the newer RNA interference (RNAi) therapies, olezarsen, plozasiran, and zodasiran, in managing conditions associated with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG).

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients with HTG or mixed hyperlipidemia (MHL) receiving either olezarsen, plozasiran, or zodasiran in the intervention arm and a placebo in the control arm were searched through electronic databases. The primary outcome was the safety profile of the drugs studied; secondary outcomes included the percent change from baseline (CFB) in the lipid levels, including triglyceride (TG).

In Vitro Synergistic Effect of Colistin with Fosfomycin Against Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: The dwindling antibiotic reserve owing to augmented drug-resistant bacteria is a major handicap for treating physicians. , a gram-negative encapsulated member of family, is one such pathogenic bacteria. Carbapenemase-producing globally recognized as one of the most critical bacterial threats to public health due to its extremely limited treatment options.

A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association of high sensitivity troponin levels with outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease.

Background: High-sensitivity cardiac troponins (Hs-cTns) are reliable indicators of myocardial injury, but their relationship with cardiovascular outcomes remains less understood. This study explores the association between adverse cardiac events and Hs-cTnT levels exceeding 14 ng/L in patients with stable CAD.

Methods: Thirteen pertinent studies were identified using specific keywords from a pool of 208 articles retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, spanning 2013 to 2023.

Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress among adolescents in urban and rural areas of Mysuru, South India.

Background: Adolescence, a volatile period of growth between the ages of 10 and 19, is associated with increased vulnerability to mental health problems. Factors such as academic pressure can contribute to these challenges.

Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the factors and prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among adolescents in the urban and rural areas of Mysuru district.

Insights into the Physicochemical Characteristics and Miscibility of Chitosan/Polypeptide Blends: Promising Material for Wound Healing in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

In this study, the synthesis of poly(AVGVP) [where A-Alanine, V-Valine, G-Glycine, and P-Proline] is executed by the stepwise solution phase method. The interaction between Chitosan and synthetic polypentapeptide in blends was examined in the liquid and solid phases. Viscosity criteria that establish the total miscibility with Chitosan are the Δ[η], the intrinsic viscosity [η], Huggins coefficient [], by Garcia Δ, α by Sun, and μ suggested by Chee, Δ, and β buttressed by Jiang and Han.

Ceftriaxone-resistant serovar Newport: a case report from South India.

serovar Newport is a human pathogen underreported in most developing countries. It is known for causing gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections. In this case report, we report the case of ceftriaxone-resistant serovar Newport from South India, causing acute gastroenteritis in a sixty-year-old female patient having a history of antimicrobial therapy and recent hospital admission.

Oral Risk Factors in Patients with Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy - A Pilot Study.

Background: Treatment modalities for cancer including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, have some complications even in the oral cavity. The literature describes oral lesions that may arise as a result of chemotherapy. However, information regarding oral symptoms in advanced cancer patients is poor.

Revitalising traditional Indian games: inclusive game adaptations for children with cerebral palsy.

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) present unique challenges to physical activity due to various factors. Despite the benefits of inclusive approaches and adapted physical education, low- and middle-income countries face specific barriers including environmental, equipment, personal, policy, social and professional barriers. Traditional Indian games, with their cultural significance and potential therapeutic benefits, offer a promising avenue for inclusive adaptations.

Exploring Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) as a Therapeutic Modality for Cancer: A Scoping Review.

The global burden of cancer and the limitations of conventional therapies highlight the potential of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) in reshaping cancer treatment paradigms. In this review, we have investigated the mechanism of CRISPR, an adaptive immune system in bacteria that enables highly precise gene editing at the molecular level. This versatile tool demonstrates its efficacy in human cancer therapy through gene knockout, metabolic disruption, base editing, screening, and immunotherapy enhancement without affecting normal bodily domains.

Factors Affecting Survival in Severe and Very Severe COPD after Admission in ICUs of Tertiary Care Centers of India (FAST COPD): Study Protocol for a Multicentric Cohort Study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) regarding factors influencing COPD outcomes, particularly in regions where biomass exposure is prevalent.

Objective: The Factors Affecting Survival in Severe and Very Severe COPD Patients Admitted to Tertiary Centers of India (FAST) study aims to address this gap by evaluating factors impacting survival and exacerbation rates among COPD patients in LMICs like India, with a specific focus on biomass exposure, clinical phenotypes, and nutritional status in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Decoding the Complexity: A Case Series on Isolated Sphenoid Sinus Fungal Ball.

Fungal rhinosinusitis accounts for a significant portion of paranasal sinus diseases, with fungus ball being the most frequently observed form, constituting 27% of cases. While commonly affecting the maxillary sinus, sphenoid sinus localization occurred in 24.78% of cases.

Correlation of time trends of air pollutants, greenspaces and tracheal, bronchus and lung cancer incidence and mortality among the adults in United States.

Background: Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung (TBL) cancer continues to represent the majority of cancer-related incidence and mortality in United States (U.S.).

Cardiac sarcoidosis presenting as multiple right intra-atrial masses mimicking cardiac tumor.

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis though in itself, a rare entity, very rarely presents primarily with conduction abnormalities as the primary manifestation in the spectrum of presentations accounted by this chronic granulomatous systemic disease. Sarcoidosis presenting as intra-atrial masses is virtually unheard of.

Case: A middle aged female presented with progressive conduction system disease was found to have right atrial masses of unclear etiologic on relevant imaging.

Clinical profiling, treatment characteristics and outcome in Behcet's Disease (BD)-A retrospective cohort study from Karnataka Rheumatology Association (KRA).

Background: Behcet's disease (BD) has a heterogeneous and unpredictable phenotype that differs in various geographical areas.

Objective: To describe the clinical phenotype & outcome of Behcet's disease(BD) from Karnataka, India and compare them with large cohorts from endemic regions.

Methods: Databases of practising rheumatologists from Karnataka were reviewed to retrieve clinical characteristics, course of illness, prescribing information and outcome at last follow-up of patients clinically diagnosed as BD.

Uncovering the Role of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Stroke Prevention for Atrial Fibrillation: A Review of the Literature.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a predominant contributor to morbidity and mortality, and stroke prevention remains the mainstay for the management of AF. The precise mechanism involved in thrombus formation remains unknown. However, factors such as stretch-induced fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, disordered atrial contractions, and pro-thrombotic states have been postulated for the development of AF.

Efficacy and Safety of Osilodrostat in Managing Cushing's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

No meta-analysis has holistically analysed and summarized the efficacy and safety of osilodrostat, a novel dual 11β-hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily B member 1 [CYP11B1]) and 18-hydroxylase (aldosterone synthase, CYP11B2) inhibitor in managing Cushing's syndrome (CS). We undertook this meta-analysis to address this knowledge gap. Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving patients with CS receiving osilodrostat in the intervention arm.

Functional characterization of complete and immunodominant epitopes of a novel pollen allergen from Parthenium hysterophorus.

Parthenium hysterophorus pollen induces chronic clinical conditions such as allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. Among the plethora of proteins in the pollens, only few were reported to induce allergy. Currently sensitization to P.