The combined effects of temperature and posture on regional blood flow and haemodynamics.

Under simultaneous ambient temperature and postural stressors, integrated regional blood flow responses are required to maintain blood pressure and thermoregulatory homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of ambient temperature and body posture on regional regulation of microvascular blood flow, specifically in the arms and legs. Participants (N = 11) attended two sessions in which they experienced transient ambient conditions, in a climatic chamber.

Near-field hydrodynamic interactions determine travelling wave directions of collectively beating cilia.

Cilia can beat collectively in the form of a metachronal wave, and we investigate how near-field hydrodynamic interactions between cilia can influence the collective response of the beating cilia. Based on the theoretical framework developed in the work of Meng . (Meng .

Adaptation of the BaAl Type to Small Cations: The Case of NaGa.

Single-phase NaGa samples were prepared by annealing stoichiometric element mixtures at 200 °C, 300 °C, and 450 °C in closed tantalum ampoules. No compositional homogeneity range was detected. While single crystals annealed at 200 °C feature a fully ordered crystal structure, a crystal annealed at 300 °C reveals a defect with mutual exchange of Na atoms and Ga dumbbells.

Using Machine Learning Methods to Assess Module Performance Contribution in Modular Optimization Frameworks.

Modular algorithm frameworks not only allow for combinations never tested in manually selected algorithm portfolios, but they also provide a structured approach to assess which algorithmic ideas are crucial for the observed performance of algorithms. In this study, we propose a methodology for analyzing the impact of the different modules on the overall performance. We consider modular frameworks for two widely used families of derivative-free black-box optimization algorithms, the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) and differential evolution (DE).

Controlled in vivo intrinsic detrimental effect of d-Limonene channelized by influential proximal interaction through apoptosis and steatosis in embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Bioaccumulation of d-Limonene in environment due to the aggrandised usage of their natural sources like citrus food wastes and industrial day to day life products has raised concern to their biotoxicity to environment biotic health. Moreover, their after-usage discharge to aquatic system has enhanced the distress of posing threat and needs attention. This study entails mechanistic and molecular evaluation of in-vivo biotoxicity of d-Limonene in zebrafish embryo models.

Development of novel osteochondral scaffolds and relatedenvironment with the aid of chemical engineering principles.

In tissue engineering, collaboration among experts from different fields is needed to design appropriate cell scaffolds and the required three-dimensional environment. Osteochondral tissue engineering is particularly challenging due to the need to provide scaffolds that imitate structural and compositional differences between two neighboring tissues, articular cartilage and bone, and the required complex biophysical environments for cultivating such scaffolds. This work focuses on two key objectives: first, to develop bilayered osteochondral scaffolds based on gellan gum and bioactive glass and, second, to create a biomimetic environment for scaffold characterization by designing and utilizing novel dual-medium cultivation bioreactor chambers.

Statistical Combination of ATLAS Run 2 Searches for Charginos and Neutralinos at the LHC.

Statistical combinations of searches for charginos and neutralinos using various decay channels are performed using 139  fb^{-1} of pp collision data at sqrt[s]=13  TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Searches targeting pure-wino chargino pair production, pure-wino chargino-neutralino production, or Higgsino production decaying via standard model W, Z, or h bosons are combined to extend the mass reach to the produced supersymmetric particles by 30-100 GeV. The depth of the sensitivity of the original searches is also improved by the combinations, lowering the 95% C.

Adsorption-Driven Deformation and Footprints of the RBD Proteins in SARS-CoV-2 Variants on Biological and Inanimate Surfaces.

Respiratory viruses, carried through airborne microdroplets, frequently adhere to surfaces, including plastics and metals. However, our understanding of the interactions between viruses and materials remains limited, particularly in scenarios involving polarizable surfaces. Here, we investigate the role of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein mutations on the adsorption of SARS-CoV-2 to hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces employing molecular simulations.

Macro-Calcium Carbonate-Hydrogel Hybrid Spheroids: Design and Biomedical Applications.

In advancing tissue engineering, we introduce a particle system combining the strength of calcium carbonate with the flexibility of hydrogels enhanced with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for improved bone regeneration. Our innovation lies in creating large hybrid macrospheroids by bonding mineral nanostructured microparticles loaded with ALP through hydrogel polymerization. These composite macrospheroids address critical challenges in cell seeding, growth, and handling within three-dimensional (3D) environments.

Measurement of the Isolated Nuclear Two-Photon Decay in ^{72}Ge.

The nuclear two-photon or double-gamma (2γ) decay is a second-order electromagnetic process whereby a nucleus in an excited state emits two gamma rays simultaneously. To be able to directly measure the 2γ decay rate in the low-energy regime below the electron-positron pair-creation threshold, we combined the isochronous mode of a storage ring with Schottky resonant cavities. The newly developed technique can be applied to isomers with excitation energies down to ∼100  keV and half-lives as short as ∼10  ms.

Patterns of Antibiotic Prescription in Endodontic Therapy in the Republic of Croatia.

In response to the global trend of decreasing antibiotic usage, this study aimed to evaluate the nature and frequency of antibiotic prescriptions in conjunction with endodontic therapy in Croatia and to assess the attitudes of Croatian dental practitioners towards the endodontic treatment of patients susceptible to bacterial endocarditis. A survey questionnaire was sent to all dental practitioners in Croatia, achieving a response rate of 27%. The most frequently prescribed antibiotic was penicillin with clavulanic acid (63.

Assessing external exposome by implementing an Environmental Data Management System using Open Data.

Due to the increasing importance of exposome in environmental epidemiology, feasibility and usefulness of an Environmental Data Management System (EDMS) using Open Data was evaluated. The EDMS includes data from 10 European cities (Celje (Slovenia), Łódź (Poland), Manchester (UK), Palermo (Italy), Paris (France), Porto (Portugal), Regensburg (Germany), Reus (Spain), Rijeka (Croatia), Thessaloniki (Greece)) about external non-specific and specific exposome factors at the city or country level (2017-2020). Findings showed that the highest values of life expectancy were in Reus females (86 years) and Palermo males (81 years).

Effects of preterm birth on the pattern of altitude acclimatization at rest and during moderate-intensity exercise across three days at 3,375 m.

Preterm birth elicits long-lasting physiological effects in various organ systems, potentially modulating exercise and environmental stress responses. To establish whether prematurely-born adults respond uniquely during early high-altitude acclimatization at rest and during exercise, 17 healthy adults born preterm (gestational age < 32 wk) and 17 term-born, age- and aerobic-capacity-matched, control participants completed a three-day high-altitude sojourn (3,375 m). Oxygen uptake, pulmonary ventilation, and hemodynamic responses, as well as pulse oxygen saturation, brain tissue saturation index (TSI), and skeletal muscle TSI, were measured daily at rest and during moderate-intensity steady-state exercise bouts.

Validation of formulae predicting stroke volume from arterial pressure: with particular emphasis on upright individuals in hot ambient conditions.

Introduction: During heatwaves, it is important to monitor workers' cardiovascular health since 35% of those working in hot environments experience symptoms of heat strain. Wearable technology has been popularized for monitoring heart rate (HR) during recreational activities, but it can also be used to monitor occupational heat strain based on core and skin temperatures and HR. To our knowledge, no devices estimate the cardiovascular strain directly based on stroke volume (SV) or cardiac output (CO).

Aging effect on surface chemistry and sorption properties of atmospheric pressure plasma treated lignocellulosic jute fibers.

Jute fibers are characterized by a heterogeneous chemical composition (cellulose and non-cellulosic components) and a complex layered structure with a hydrophobic surface outer layer responsible for their low wettability. In this work, after the removal of water-soluble components, raw jute fibers were subjected to atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) under different conditions (at 150 or 300 Hz) to tailor jute fiber surface structure and wettability. The research was focused on the aging effect during natural aging in a standard atmosphere investigated up to three weeks after DBD treatment.

New Class of Hsp90 C-Terminal Domain Inhibitors with Anti-tumor Properties against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a treatment challenge and requires innovative therapies. Hsp90, crucial for the stability of numerous oncogenic proteins, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. In this study, we present the optimization of the Hsp90 C-terminal domain (CTD) inhibitor .

Hyperspectral imaging of 4T1 mammary carcinomas grown in dorsal skinfold window chambers: spectral renormalization and fluorescence modeling.

Significance: Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) of murine tumor models grown in dorsal skinfold window chambers (DSWCs) offers invaluable insight into the tumor microenvironment. However, light loss in a glass coverslip is often overlooked, and particular tissue characteristics are improperly modeled, leading to errors in tissue properties extracted from hyperspectral images.

Aim: We highlight the significance of spectral renormalization in HSI of DSWC models and demonstrate the benefit of incorporating enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) excitation and emission in the skin tissue model for tumors expressing genes to produce EGFP.

Development and testing of an efficient micropollutant monitoring strategy across a large watershed.

In recent decades, extensive monitoring programmes have been conducted at the national, international, and project levels with the objective of expanding our understanding of the contamination of surface waters with micropollutants, which are often referred to as hazardous substances (HS). It has been demonstrated that HS enter surface waters via a number of pathways, including groundwater, atmospheric deposition, soil erosion, and urban systems. Given the ever-growing list of substances and the high resource demand associated with laboratory analysis, it is common practice to quantify the listed pathways based on emission factors derived from temporally and spatially constrained monitoring programmes.

Protocol of the study for predicting empathy during VR sessions using sensor data and machine learning.

Virtual reality (VR) technology is often referred to as the 'ultimate empathy machine' due to its capability to immerse users in alternate perspectives and environments beyond their immediate physical reality. In this study, participants will be immersed in 3-dimensional 360° VR videos where actors express different emotions (sadness, happiness, anger, and anxiousness). The primary objective is to investigate the potential relationship between participants' empathy levels and the changes in their physiological attributes.

Environmental implications of dental restorative materials on the zebrafish Danio rerio: Are dental chair drainage systems an emerging environmental threat?

This study aimed to evaluate the environmental impact of dental materials: commercial composite Tetric EvoCeram®, glass ionomer Equia Forte® HT Fil, laboratory-prepared composite, alkasite Cention® Forte, amalgam Amalcap® Plus, and samples from dental chair drainage systems (DCDS). Methacrylate monomers were detected in the eluates of experimental and commercials composites, and alkasite. In DCDS samples solely mercury was found at concentrations of 0.

Modified aryldifluorophenylsilicates with improved activity and selectivity in nucleophilic fluorination of secondary substrates.

Nucleophilic fluorination of secondary aliphatic substrates, especially of halides, still remains a challenge. Among the available reagents, TBAT belongs to one of the best choices due to its stability, affordable price and low toxicity. With the aim to improve its selectivity, we synthesized three analogues modified in the aryl part of the TBAT reagent with one or two electron donating methoxy groups or with one electron withdrawing trifluoromethyl group.

Chloroimidazolium Deoxyfluorination Reagent with HF Anion as a Sole Fluoride Source.

In the study, we introduce an air-stable NHC-based deoxyfluorination reagent ImCl[HF], offering a promising avenue for deoxyfluorination across various substrates. Reagent efficiently fluorinates benzyl alcohols, carboxylic acids, and P(V) compounds without external fluoride sources. A mechanistic study reveals a two-step process involving benzyl chloride as an intermediate, shedding light on the two-step reaction pathway.

Time series insights from the shopfloor: A real-world dataset of pneumatic pressure and electrical current in discrete manufacturing.

Gathered from a real-world discrete manufacturing floor, this dataset features measurements of pneumatic pressure and electrical current during production. Spanning 7 days and encompassing approximately 150 processed units, the data is organized into time series sampled at 100 Hz. The observed machine performs 24 steps to process each unit.

Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of bi-partite and tri-partite murine iPSC-derived neurospheroids under steady-state and inflammatory condition.

induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurospheroid (NSPH) models are an emerging in vitro toolkit to study the influence of inflammatory triggers on neurodegeneration and repair in a 3D neural environment. In contrast to their human counterpart, the absence of murine iPSC-derived NSPHs for profound characterisation and validation studies is a major experimental research gap, even though they offer the only possibility to truly compare or validate in vitro NSPH responses with in vivo brain responses. To contribute to these developments, we here describe the generation and characterisation of 5-week-old CXCR1 CCR2 murine (m)iPSC-derived bi-partite (neurons + astrocytes) and tri-partite (neurons + astrocytes + microglia) NSPH models that can be subjected to cellular activation following pro-inflammatory stimulation.