Growth change in Polish women: Reduction of the secular trends?

The aim of the study was to analyse changes in the average height of adult Polish women born in 1931-2001 in the aspect of dynamically changing economic and socio-economic conditions of the living environment. An ethnically homogeneous group of 6,028 adult women from large Polish cities, born in 1931-2001, living between 1931 and 2020, were examined using the same research methods and research equipment. All women were divided into eight birth cohorts.

High-dose testosterone supplementation disturbs liver pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and function in adolescent male Wistar rats undergoing moderate-intensity endurance training.

In some countries, anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse is rampant among adolescent boys and young men, including some of those seeking physical fitness and/or pleasing appearance through various exercise types. This tactic carries the risk of severe harmful health effects, including liver injury. Most anabolic-androgenic steroid stacking protocols employed are based on the use of the 'prototypic' anabolic-androgenic steroid testosterone and/or its esters.

Exercise/physical activity and health outcomes: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.

Background: Sedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. It has been estimated that approximately 3.2 million deaths each year are attributable to insufficient levels of physical activity.

Can the Cambered Bar Enhance Acute Performance in the Bench Press Exercise?

The main goal of this study was to assess the impact of the cambered bar (CB) during the bench press exercise on power output and bar velocity when compared to a standard bar (SB). Ten healthy strength-trained men (age = 27.9 ± 3.

Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study.

Background: Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing.

The Use of Diaphragm Ultrasonography in Pulmonary Physiotherapy of COPD Patients: A Literature Review.

There is potentially a broad range of patient populations in which ultrasound imaging (US) might be beneficial form of physiotherapy process support. Among them, the group of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is of great importance, as in this individuals the diaphragm dysfunction is frequently observed. Pulmonary physiotherapy often includes techniques which are intended to influence the diaphragm muscle but its anatomy does not allow for variety of techniques to assess function.

Functional fitness normative values for elderly polish population.

Background: It's really important to measure the actual functional physical fitness of elderly independent living persons from different environments to know the level and rate of decrease may inform about the threat of loss of functional independence, hence the need to monitor and assess the senior's motor realm and adapt to it the appropriate programs and treatments in the care for the elderly person.

Methods: The study involved 5367 people (mean age 69,63 ± 7,06), including 4164 women (mean age 69,55 ± 7,11) and 1203 men (mean age 69,91 ± 6,86) aged 60 to 93 years old. We have measured basic anthropometric features and physical fitness (by using Senior Fitness Test).

Head-Out Water-Based Protocols to Assess Cardiorespiratory Fitness-Systematic Review.

The aquatic environment offers cardiorespiratory training and testing options particularly for individuals unable to adequately train or test on land because of weight bearing, pain or disability concerns. No systematic review exists describing cardiorespiratory fitness protocols used in an aquatic environment. This review investigated the different head-out water-based protocols used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness.

Static balance assessment in patients with severe osteoarthritis of the knee.

Background: Pain related to severe knee osteoarthritis may lead to static balance disorders. Patients with severe knee arthrosis with arthroplasty indication should be aware of the postoperative rehabilitation menu because their balance ability has decreased.

Methods: The study involved 33 patients with unilateral severe osteoarthritis (the study group) and 33 healthy subjects (the control group).

Determinants of bone health in adults Polish women: The influence of physical activity, nutrition, sun exposure and biological factors.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the determinants of bone health in the group of women over 40 years old. Lifestyle factors such as past and present physical activity, past and present sun exposure, current dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D, nutritional status as measured by BMI, family history of osteoporosis and current hormonal status were analysed.

Methods: The study involved 500 women over 40 years old.

The effects of a 6-month moderate-intensity Hatha yoga-based training program on health-related fitness in middle-aged sedentary women: a randomized controlled study.

Background: There is paucity of data examining the effectiveness of long-term Hatha yoga-based (HY) programs focused on the health-related fitness (H-RF) of asymptomatic, sedentary women. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6-month HY-based training program on H-RF components in sedentary middle-aged women.

Methods: Eighty sedentary women were randomly assigned into either the HY group (HYG) (N.

Changes in the metabolic profiles of the serum and putamen in Parkinson's disease patients - In vitro and in vivo NMR spectroscopy studies.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum metabolomic biomarkers and brain in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) biomarkers in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as to investigate compound concentration changes by comparing the results with healthy control subjects. Univariate statistical analysis of the serum showed significant differences in the levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, lysine, glutamine, glutamate, acetone, acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and 1-monoacylglycerol (1-MAG) between the PD patient group and the control group. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis showed significantly different compound concentrations of acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, glutamine, tyrosine, 1-MAG and testosterone.

Traits of Orthorexia Nervosa and the Determinants of These Behaviors in Elite Athletes.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the traits of orthorexia nervosa (ON) and its relation to body composition and anthropometric indices among elite athletes.

Methods: We studied 273 (125 female, 148 male) competitive athletes. ON was assessed with the self-administered ORTO-15 questionnaire.

The COVID-19 pandemic: how to maintain a healthy immune system during the lockdown - a multidisciplinary approach with special focus on athletes.

On January 31, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of a novel coronavirus responsible for an infection termed COVID-19 as a global public health emergency. To slow the spread of the coronavirus, countries around the world have been implementing various measures, including school and institutional closures, lockdown and targeted quarantine for suspected infected individuals. More than a third of the world's population have been home confined less than 4 months after the start of the outbreak.

COVID-19 Home Confinement Negatively Impacts Social Participation and Life Satisfaction: A Worldwide Multicenter Study.

Unlabelled: Public health recommendations and governmental measures during the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have enforced numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation, and home confinement. While these measures are imperative to mitigate spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on psychosocial health is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey was launched in April 2020 to elucidate the behavioral and lifestyle consequences of COVID-19 restrictions.

Physical activity and low back pain in children and adolescents: a systematic review.

Introduction: Due to a high prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among children and adolescents, it is significant to seek effective prevention and therapeutic procedures. One idea for the programmes is a potential relation between the occurrence of LBP and the level of physical activity. The aim of this review was to analyse the current knowledge regarding the association between physical activity and LBP among children and adolescents.

Diagnostic dependence of muscle strength measurements and the risk of falls in the elderly.

Low muscle strength appears to increase balance disorders and the tendency to fall. Diagnostic terms indicate that sarcopenia and risks of falling are related. The aim of this study is to verify which diagnostic tools used for the assessment of muscle strength in sarcopenia can be used for fall risk assessment in older women.

Changes in the Static Balance of Older Women Participating in Regular Nordic Walking Sessions and Nordic Walking Combined with Cognitive Training.

Regular Nordic walking (NW) improves physical fitness, including the ability to maintain balance, in older adults. However, little is known about whether complementing the exercise programme with cognitive training (CT) contributes to increased effects. The aim of the study was to determine and compare the effect of regular NW and NW combined with CT on the ability to maintain static balance in older adults.

Impact of Exercises and Chair Massage on Musculoskeletal Pain of Young Musicians.

Due to the occurrence among musicians of musculoskeletal problems associated with playing a musical instrument, it is necessary to use prophylaxis. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of two physioprophylaxis methods: chair massage and an original set of exercises. The study lasted four weeks and consisted of eight 15-min meetings (chair massage/exercises).

Matrix Metalloproteinase Genes () on Chromosome 11q22 and the Risk of Non-Contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures.

Background: Sequence variants within the matrix metalloproteinases genes remain plausible biological candidates for further investigation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture risk. The aim of the present study was to establish whether variants within the (rs1799750, ->G), (rs486055, C > T) and (rs2276109, T > C) genes were associated with non-contact ACL rupture in a Polish cohort.

Methods: The unrelated, self-reported Polish Caucasian participants consisted of 228 (157 male) individuals with primary non-contact ACL rupture and 202 (117 male) participants without any history of ACL rupture.

Assessment of the Levels of Oxidative Stress, Muscle Damage, and Psychomotor Abilities of Special Force Soldiers during Military Survival Training.

The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in biochemical markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage, as well as psychomotor abilities during a military survival training. The study included 15 soldiers of special unit (SU), that completed 48 h military survival training combined with sleep deprivation. Before the training (P1), after 24 h (P2), and after 48 h of training (P3), blood samples were taken to measure biochemical markers.

Changes in Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Muscle Damage Markers Following Diet and Beetroot Juice Supplementation in Elite Fencers.

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of diet and active substances in beetroot juice on the parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle damage as well as on the maximum rate of oxygen uptake (VO) in elite fencers (10 women, 10 men). Athletes during four weeks realized dietary recommendations (ID) and, after that, diet with freeze-dried beetroot juice supplementation (ID&BEET). At baseline and after each stage, fasting antioxidants, biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and skeletal muscle damage were measured, and a VO test was performed.

Short-term effect of osteopathic manual techniques (OMT) on respiratory function in healthy individuals.

Background: Respiratory system diseases are some of the most common pathologies worldwide. Although osteopathic manual therapy (OMT) is used predominantly to treat other pathologies, certain OMT techniques have been shown to improve patients' respiratory function.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of osteopathic techniques on breathing.

Does the type of foam roller influence the recovery rate, thermal response and DOMS prevention?

Purpose: Supporting post-exercise recovery requires choosing not only the right treatment but also the equipment, in which the impact is not always clear. The study aimed to determine the effect of foam rolling on the rate of lactate removal and DOMS prevention and whether the type of foam roller is effective in the context of post-exercise recovery.

Methods: This randomized trial enrolled 33 active healthy males divided into three groups of eleven individuals: foam rolling with a smooth (STH) or grid roller (GRID) or passive recovery (PAS).