Creatures Great and Small: Horse and Dog Allergy Cross-Reactivity.

Cat, dog, and horse aeroallergens can cause allergic disease in susceptible individuals. Allergy cross-reactivity occurs when the body recognizes the protein of one allergen as being similar to a different protein, leading to an allergic response. Cross-reactivity has been demonstrated among animal species such as cat, dog, and horse.

Capnography in the Emergency Department: A Review of Uses, Waveforms, and Limitations.

Background: Capnography has many uses in the emergency department (ED) and critical care setting, most commonly cardiac arrest and procedural sedation.

Objective Of The Review: This review evaluates several indications concerning capnography beyond cardiac arrest and procedural sedation in the ED, as well as limitations and specific waveforms.

Discussion: Capnography includes the noninvasive measurement of CO, providing information on ventilation, perfusion, and metabolism in intubated and spontaneously breathing patients.

Emergency medicine evaluation and management of the end stage renal disease patient.

Background: End stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing in the U.S., and these patients demonstrate greater all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization rates when compared to those with normal renal function.