An eHealth Intervention to Improve Quality of Life, Socioemotional, and Health-Related Measures Among Older Adults With Multiple Chronic Conditions: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: In the United States, over 60% of adults aged 65 years or older have multiple chronic health conditions, with consequences that include reduced quality of life, increasingly complex but less person-centered treatment, and higher health care costs. A previous trial of ElderTree, an eHealth intervention for older adults, found socioemotional benefits for those with high rates of primary care use.

Objective: This study tested the effectiveness of an ElderTree intervention designed specifically for older patients with multiple chronic conditions to determine whether combining it with primary care improved socioemotional and physical outcomes.

SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence in a Delivering Refugee Population: Refugee Status, Payor Type, Race, and Vaccination Status.

Underserved communities were disproportionately affected during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Limited data exist on the impact of COVID-19 among refugee populations because refugee status is not often classified in electronic medical record (EMR) systems, unlike race or primary language. The study aim was to evaluate the PCR-based prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in a delivering population over the first 2 years of the pandemic by refugee status, ethnicity, insurance, and vaccination status.

Association of socioeconomic status with clinical characteristics, care quality and outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) is an important determinant of healthcare outcomes in many settings, but few studies have evaluated the impact of SES among patients with aortic stenosis (AS). We sought to explore the association between SES and clinical characteristics, care quality and outcomes among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe AS.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing TAVI for severe AS at three hospitals between August 2008 and February 2023 were prospectively enrolled in a multicentre registry.

Socioeconomic inequalities in kidney and renal pelvis cancer mortality in Canada: Trends over three decades.

Background: Kidney and renal pelvis cancer (KCa) presents significant health challenges that require investigation. This study measured and examined trends in socioeconomic inequalities in the mortality of KCa in Canada over the period 1990-2019.

Methods: We constructed a census division level dataset pooled from the Canadian Vital Death Statistics Database (CVSD), the Canadian Census of the Population (CCP), and the National Household Survey (NHS) to measure income and education inequalities in the mortality rate of KCa in Canada over the study period.

Revisiting the problem of learning long-term dependencies in recurrent neural networks.

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are an important class of models for learning sequential behavior. However, training RNNs to learn long-term dependencies is a tremendously difficult task, and this difficulty is widely attributed to the vanishing and exploding gradient (VEG) problem. Since it was first characterized 30 years ago, the belief that if VEG occurs during optimization then RNNs learn long-term dependencies poorly has become a central tenet in the RNN literature and has been steadily cited as motivation for a wide variety of research advancements.

Tibiopelvic Rotational Arthroplasty for Pediatric Gorham-Stout Disease: A Case Report and Surgical Technique.

Case: This is a case of a 6-year-old patient diagnosed with Gorham-Stout disease (GSD), a rare lymphangiogenic skeletal disorder, localized to the left femur. Initial nonoperative treatment with pharmaceuticals and bracing was unsuccessful. We describe a definitive operative treatment with radical femoral resection and a modified rotationplasty technique through a tibiopelvic rotational hip arthroplasty.

An Evolutionary Psychology Perspective on Athletic Development and Performance: Differences Between Proximate and Ultimate Explanations.

Many areas of mainstream psychology have embraced the notions that understanding human behaviour can be improved by integrating developments from evolutionary science; however, evolutionary principles have not been as widely applied among sport researchers or practitioners, especially those examining athlete development and the psychology of competition and performance. In this paper, we discuss the distinction between ultimate and proximate explanations of psychological outcomes, and the relevance of this distinction for exploring issues related to skill acquisition and athlete development. We use three examples-deliberate practice, early sport play and sustained engagement-to highlight the benefits and challenges of applying evolutionary theories to sport contexts.

Acoustic modeling of three-dimensional-printed fibrous sound absorbersa).

In this study, an analytical model was developed to predict the sound absorption performance of fibrous absorbers fabricated using an extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) printing method. The proposed model employs geometric design parameters, including the average fiber diameter and the horizontal and vertical fiber separations, to calculate the porosity, static airflow resistivity, tortuosity, and viscous and thermal characteristic lengths. These transport parameters are then used within the Johnson-Champoux-Allard semiempirical formulation to predict the normal incidence sound absorption coefficient.

Transforming community-based primary health care delivery through comprehensive performance measurement and reporting: examining the influence of context.

Background: Community-based primary health care represents various community-based health care (CBPHC) models that incorporate health promotion and community development to deliver first-contact health services. Learning health systems (LHSs) are essential for improving CBPHC in which feedback from relevant stakeholders is used to continuously improve health systems with the goal of achieving population health and health equity. Performance reporting is one way to present data to clinicians and decision makers to facilitate a process of reflection, participation, and collaboration among partners to improve CBPHC.

Dual gene set enrichment analysis (dualGSEA); an R function that enables more robust biological discovery and pre-clinical model alignment from transcriptomics data.

Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) tools can identify biological insights within gene expression-based studies. Although their statistical performance has been compared, the downstream biological implications that arise when choosing between the range of pairwise or single sample forms of GSEA methods remain understudied. We compare the statistical and biological results obtained from various pre-ranking methods/options for pairwise GSEA, followed by a stand-alone comparison of GSEA, single sample GSEA (ssGSEA) and gene set variation analysis (GSVA).

Quality of life, healthcare usage and finances of UK cancer survivors five years post-diagnosis: a matched controlled study.

Purpose: Assessing the long-term impact of cancer on people's lives is challenging due to confounding issues such as aging and comorbidities. We aimed to investigate this impact by comparing the outcomes of cancer survivors with a matched control cohort.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of breast, colorectal and ovarian cancer survivors approximately 5 years post-diagnosis and a cohort of age, sex and social deprivation-matched controls who had never had a cancer diagnosis.

Multifaceted impact of HIV inhibitor dapivirine on triple negative breast cancer cells reveals potential entities as targets for novel therapy.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Many breast cancers originate from the cells lining the milk duct and some become invasive. Breast cancer lacking estrogen, progesterone receptors (ER-, PR-) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-) amplification, termed "Triple negative" (TNBC) is reported to frequently affect Black women and younger women.

Simulating atherosclerotic plaque mechanics using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cryogel artery phantoms, ultrasound imaging and inverse finite element analysis.

The clinical decision to establish if a patient with carotid disease should undergo surgical intervention is primarily based on the percent stenosis. Whilst this applies for high-grade stenosed vessels (>70%), it falls short for other cases. Due to the heterogeneity of plaque tissue, probing the mechanics of the tissue would likely provide further insights into why some plaques are more prone to rupture.