Modeling of magnetic vestibular stimulation experienced during high-field clinical MRI.

Background: High-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful diagnostic tool but can induce unintended physiological effects, such as nystagmus and dizziness, potentially compromising the comfort and safety of individuals undergoing imaging. These effects likely result from the Lorentz force, which arises from the interaction between the MRI's static magnetic field and electrical currents in the inner ear. Yet, the Lorentz force hypothesis fails to explain observed eye movement patterns in healthy adults fully.

Repetitive grooming behavior following aversive stimulus coincides with a decrease in anterior hypothalamic area activity.

The anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) is a key brain region for orchestrating defensive behaviors. Using in vivo calcium imaging in mice, we observed that AHA neuronal activity increases during foot shock delivery and foot-shock associated auditory cues. We found that following shock-induced increases in AHA activity, a decrease in activity coincides with the onset of grooming behavior.

Incidence, long-term predictors and progression of chronic kidney disease among African migrants and non-migrants: the transcontinental population-based prospective RODAM cohort study.

Background: Limited longitudinal data exist on chronic kidney disease (CKD) in African populations undergoing epidemiological transitions. We investigated incidence, long-term predictors and progression of CKD among Ghanaians residing in Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in the Netherlands (Amsterdam).

Methods And Findings: We analysed data from 2183 participants in the transcontinental population-based prospective Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants cohort, followed for approximately 7 years.

ASRA Pain Medicine consensus practice infection control guidelines for regional anesthesia and pain medicine.

Background: To provide recommendations on risk mitigation, diagnosis and treatment of infectious complications associated with the practice of regional anesthesia, acute and chronic pain management.

Methods: Following board approval, in 2020 the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA Pain Medicine) commissioned evidence-based guidelines for best practices for infection control. More than 80 research questions were developed and literature searches undertaken by assigned working groups comprising four to five members.

There is no "I" in team: Implications for academic radiology.

All of us must find the right balance between team science and fostering leadership with dynamic colleagues. That dichotomy was well-encapsulated in a famous exchange between basketball players Shaquille O'Neal and Kobe Bryant regarding there "being no 'I' in team". In our view, there is nothing more satisfying than collaborating with a team of people and publishing impactful papers or making key discoveries.

Cardiovascular Complications During Delivery Hospitalization in Patients With Psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal outcomes. However, there are limited data on this subject.

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between psoriasis and related cardiovascular complications during delivery.

Use of patient portals to disclose STI test histories to sex partners among U.S. men who have sex with men: A call for research and guidance.

Background: This study investigates the use of patient portals for disclosing sexually transmitted infection (STI) test result histories to sexual partners among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States.

Methods: Using data from the 2022-2023 American Men's Internet Survey, this cross-sectional analysis examined demographic, behavioral, and healthcare-related factors associated with MSM's utilization of patient portals for sharing STI test results. Participants ( = 2601) were surveyed on portal use, STI testing frequency, and partner disclosure practices.

Map2k6 is a potent genetic modifier of arterial rupture in vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome mice.

Aortic dissection or rupture is a major cause of mortality in vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (vEDS), a connective tissue disorder caused by heterozygous mutations in the COL3A1 gene. C57BL6/J (BL6) mice carrying the Col3a1 G938D/+ mutation recapitulate the vEDS vascular phenotype and die suddenly of aortic rupture/dissection. However, 129S6/SvEvTac (129) mice expressing the same Col3a1 G938D/+ mutation show near-complete life-long protection from vascular rupture.

χ-sepnet: Deep Neural Network for Magnetic Susceptibility Source Separation.

Magnetic susceptibility source separation (χ-separation), an advanced quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) method, enables the separate estimation of paramagnetic and diamagnetic susceptibility source distributions in the brain. Similar to QSM, it requires solving the ill-conditioned problem of dipole inversion, suffering from so-called streaking artifacts. Additionally, the method utilizes reversible transverse relaxation ( ) to complement frequency shift information for estimating susceptibility source concentrations, requiring time-consuming data acquisition for (e.

Early detection and management of hearing loss to reduce dementia risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: findings from the treating auditory impairment and cognition trial (TACT).

Background: Age-related hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) independently increase dementia risk. The Ageing and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders randomised controlled trial (RCT) found hearing aids reduce cognitive decline in high-risk older adults with poor hearing.

Methods: This pilot RCT in London memory clinics randomised people with MCI (aged ≥55, untreated hearing loss defined as Pure Tone Average 0.

The influence of rurality on self-reported physical therapy utilization among patients with severe chronic back pain in the United States.

Purpose: To examine the association of rurality and physical therapy utilization among a nationally representative sample of individuals with severe chronic back pain.

Methods: This study utilized a publicly available dataset from the 2019 National Health Information Survey (Adult Sample). Individuals with severe chronic back pain were identified based on survey items examining respondents' pain frequency and location.

CESTsimu: An open-source GUI for spectral and spatial CEST simulation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to create a user-friendly CEST simulation tool with a GUI for both spectral (1D Z-spectra) and spatial (2D phantom) CEST experiments, making the CEST simulation easier to perform.

Methods: CESTsimu was developed using MATLAB App Designer. It consists of three modules: Saturation Settings, Exchange Settings, and Phantom Settings.

Pan-tumor analysis to investigate the obesity paradox in immune checkpoint blockade.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for developing cancer but is also associated with improved outcomes after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a phenomenon called the obesity paradox. To interrogate mechanisms of divergent immune responses in obese and non-obese patients, we examined the relationship among obesity status, clinical responses, and immune profiles from a diverse, pan-tumor cohort of patients treated with ICI-based therapy.

Methods: From June 2021 to March 2023, we prospectively collected serial peripheral blood samples from patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors who received ICI as standard of care at Johns Hopkins.

Bariatric Surgery and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Obesity, Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, and Coronary Artery Disease: A Population-Based Matched Cohort Study.

Aims: Bariatric surgery (BS) is a potential treatment option for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and obesity. These patients are also at substantial risk of developing cardiovascular events and associated mortality. We aimed to assess if BS could reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality and improve long-term survival.

Participant Contributions to Person-Generated Health Data Research Using Mobile Devices: Scoping Review.

Background: Mobile devices offer an emerging opportunity for research participants to contribute person-generated health data (PGHD). There is little guidance, however, on how to best report findings from studies leveraging those data. Thus, there is a need to characterize current reporting practices so as to better understand the potential implications for producing reproducible results.

Model Building with Youth: Applying a System Science Approach to Examine the Dynamic Social Context of Adolescent and Young Adult Marijuana Use.

Marijuana use in adolescence is associated with significant adverse outcomes. Romantic relationships are an important context for marijuana use. Prior research suggests a bi-directional relationship between marijuana use and relationship functioning; however, the complex interplay between adolescent relationship dynamics and marijuana use remains unclear.

Identifying the greatest surgeon-perceived barriers and challenges in performing corneal transplantation in India.

Objective: There is currently no systematic method of assessing limitations in performing corneal transplantation. The purpose of the study was to identify the limitations of performing corneal transplantation in India.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Prevalence of prescription medication use that can exacerbate heart failure among US adults with heart failure.

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) affects more than 6 million adults in the United States, contributing to substantial morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Despite advances in medical care, many medications can exacerbate HF, yet their prevalence of use remains unknown. This study examined the national use of prescription medications that could exacerbate HF in adults with self-reported HF.

The proton resonance enhancement for CEST imaging and shift exchange (PRECISE) family of RF pulse shapes for CEST MRI.

Purpose: To optimize a 100 ms pulse for producing CEST MRI contrast and evaluate in mice.

Methods: A gradient ascent algorithm was employed to generate a family of 100 point, 100 ms pulses for use in CEST pulse trains (proton resonance enhancement for CEST imaging and shift exchange). Gradient ascent optimizations were performed for exchange rates = 500, 1500, 2500, 3500, and 4500 s; and labile proton offsets (Δω) = 9.