Correlation of repetitive behaviors in deer mice with striatal mRNA expression of endogenous opioids and mu, delta, kappa, and dopamine receptors.

Deer mice provide a valuable naturally occurring animal model for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms underlying repetitive behaviors. Prior investigations using this model have identified abnormalities in the cortico-basal ganglia circuitry, including alterations within the indirect pathway and levels of endogenous opioids in the frontal cortex. In this study, the behaviors of n = 7 mice were quantified, and their brains were sectioned.

The GLOB-cAGE Consortium: A Global Cardiovascular Collaborative Network of Older Adults with Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: GLOB-cAGE is a newly established unprecedented consortium that brings together cohorts of older persons with cardiovascular disease worldwide. GLOB-cAGE aims to harmonize non-identifiable data from longitudinal cohorts examining cardiovascular health and cardiovascular disease diagnosis and management in older individuals to perform meta-regression analyses using combined repositories of standardized subject-level data points.

Methods And Design: Studies registered into GLOB-cAGE are population-based longitudinal cohort studies or clinical trials, either ongoing or completed, that involve assessing cardiovascular health as a central objective.

National and Regional Trends in Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection From 1998 to 2019.

Objective: To analyze temporal changes and to assess the possible effect of newborn hearing screening (NBHS) programs on changes in congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) diagnostic rates in the United States.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

Rhinoconjunctivitis Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Asthma: A Longitudinal Clustering Analysis.

Background: Rhinoconjunctivitis phenotypes are conventionally described based on symptom severity, duration and seasonality and aeroallergen sensitization. It is not known whether these phenotypes fully reflect the patterns of symptoms seen at a population level.

Objective: To identify phenotypes of rhinoconjunctivitis based on symptom intensity and seasonality using an unbiased approach and to compare their characteristics.

Association of Endometrial Thickness with Live Birth Rate: a Study Utilizing the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System.

Objective: To assess the relationship between endometrial thickness and live birth rates in fresh embryo transfer and frozen embryo transfer with and without preimplantation genetic testing.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System (SART CORS).

Subjects: Autologous IVF fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles initiated in 2019-2020.

Cannabidiol (CBD) potentiates physiological and behavioral markers of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responsivity in female and male mice.

Rationale: Clinical literature indicates there may be a therapeutic use of cannabidiol (CBD) for stress-related disorders. Preclinical literature remains conflicted regarding the underlying neurobehavioral mechanisms, reporting mixed effects of CBD (increased, decreased, or no effect) on anxiety- and fear-related behaviors. Preclinical data demonstrated that CBD modulates hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis gene expression; it is unknown whether CBD changes HPA axis responsivity and how this relates to altered behavior.

Antidepressants and Weight Gain: An Update on the Evidence and Clinical Implications.

Purpose Of Review: To highlight recent research on antidepressant use and weight change and explore best clinical practices for reducing weight gain and obesity risk in individuals with depression.

Recent Findings: Research on antidepressant use and weight gain suggests that genetic and biological factors including metabolizer phenotypes and inflammation can help to predict an individual's threshold for weight change among specific agents. For individuals with increased susceptibility to metabolic complications, medications including bupropion, fluoxetine, and newer agents (e.

Creating a predictive model and online calculator for high-value care outcomes following glioblastoma resection: incorporating neighborhood socioeconomic status index.

Purpose: Social determinants of health including neighborhood socioeconomic status, have been established to play a profound role in overall access to care and outcomes in numerous specialized disease entities. To provide glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients with high-quality care, it is crucial to identify predictors of hospital length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, and access to postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation. In this study, we incorporate a novel neighborhood socioeconomic status index (NSES) and develop three predictive algorithms for assessing post-operative outcomes in GBM patients, offering a tool for preoperative risk stratification of GBM patients.

Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, and Vestibular Areflexia as a Presentation of a Novel DNMT1 Mutation.

A 50-year-old woman with a 20-year history of gait instability presented with new-onset vertigo and oscillopsia. Examination revealed bilateral vestibular loss, cerebellar ataxia, sensory neuropathy, a "yes-yes" head tremor, nystagmus and a family history of a similar syndrome. Genetic testing for cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and bilateral vestibular areflexia syndrome (RFC1) was negative, but whole exome sequencing identified a novel mutation in the DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) gene, broadening the differential diagnosis for this phenotype.

Evolving concepts in intracranial pressure monitoring - from traditional monitoring to precision medicine.

A wide range of acute brain injuries, including both traumatic and non-traumatic causes, can result in elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), which in turn can cause further secondary injury to the brain, initiating a vicious cascade of propagating injury. Elevated ICP is therefore a neurological injury that requires intensive monitoring and time-sensitive interventions. Patients at high risk for developing elevated ICP undergo placement of invasive ICP monitors including external ventricular drains, intraparenchymal ICP monitors, and lumbar drains.

Mathematic Modeling of Tumor Growth During [Lu]Lu-PSMA Therapy: Insights into Treatment Optimization.

The treatment regimen for [Lu]Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) 617 therapy follows that of chemotherapy: 6 administrations of a fixed activity, each separated by 6 wk. Mathematic modeling can be used to test the hypothesis that the current treatment regimen for a radiopharmaceutical modality is suboptimal. A mathematic model was developed to describe tumor growth during [Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy.

Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Steroid Resistant Asthma.

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease that affects millions globally. Although glucocorticoids are a mainstay of asthma treatment, a subset of patients show resistance to these therapies, resulting in poor disease control and increased morbidity. The complex mechanisms underlying steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) involve Th1 and Th17 lymphocyte activity, neutrophil recruitment, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

The HOPE4MCI study: AGB101 treatment slows progression of entorhinal cortex atrophy in ε4 non-carriers with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Hippocampal hyperactivity is a hallmark of prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) that predicts progression in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). AGB101 is an extended-release formulation of levetiracetam in the dose range previously demonstrated to normalize hippocampal activity and improve cognitive performance in aMCI. The HOPE4MCI study was a 78-week trial to assess the progression of MCI due to AD.

Comorbid conditions and survival among Black women with ovarian cancer.

Background: Black women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have worse survival and a higher burden of comorbid conditions compared with other racial groups. This study examines the association of comorbid conditions and medication use for these conditions with survival among Black women with EOC.

Methods: In a prospective study of 592 Black women with EOC, the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) based on self-reported data, three cardiometabolic comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia), and medication use for each cardiometabolic comorbidity were evaluated.

Evaluation of long-acting cabotegravir safety and pharmacokinetics in pregnant women in eastern and southern Africa: a secondary analysis of HPTN 084.

Introduction: Long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) for pre-exposure prophylaxis significantly reduced HIV acquisition in HPTN 084. We report on the safety and CAB-LA pharmacokinetics in pregnant women during the blinded period of HPTN 084.

Methods: Participants were randomized 1:1 to either active cabotegravir (CAB) plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) placebo or active TDF/FTC plus CAB placebo.

Cerebellar Bergmann glia integrate noxious information and modulate nocifensive behaviors.

The cerebellum is activated by noxious stimuli and pathological pain but its role in noxious information processing remains unknown. Here, we show that in mice, cutaneous noxious electrical stimuli induced noradrenaline (NA) release from locus coeruleus (LC) terminals in the cerebellar cortex. Bergmann glia (BG) accumulated these LC-NA signals by increasing intracellular calcium in an integrative manner ('flares').

Characteristics and survival outcomes in pediatric patients with spinal chordomas: insights from the National Cancer Database and review of the literature.

Purpose: Spinal chordomas are aggressive tumors that rarely occur in the pediatric population. Demographics and post-treatment outcomes in this select group of patients is poorly studied. We hence aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, demographics, and survival outcomes of pediatric patients with spinal chordomas, in contrast to the adult population.

The impact of common and rare genetic variants on bradyarrhythmia development.

To broaden our understanding of bradyarrhythmias and conduction disease, we performed common variant genome-wide association analyses in up to 1.3 million individuals and rare variant burden testing in 460,000 individuals for sinus node dysfunction (SND), distal conduction disease (DCD) and pacemaker (PM) implantation. We identified 13, 31 and 21 common variant loci for SND, DCD and PM, respectively.

A higher order PUF complex is central to regulation of C. elegans germline stem cells.

PUF RNA-binding proteins are broadly conserved stem cell regulators. Nematode PUF proteins maintain germline stem cells (GSCs) and, with key partner proteins, repress differentiation mRNAs, including gld-1. Here we report that PUF protein FBF-2 and its partner LST-1 form a ternary complex that represses gld-1 via a pair of adjacent FBF binding elements (FBEs) in its 3'UTR.