Peculiarities of Fatigue Crack Growth in Steel 17H1S after Long-Term Operations on a Gas Pipeline.

This work presents the results of metallographic studies and the tensile, impact, and fatigue crack growth (FCG) resistance tests of 17H1S main gas pipeline steel in the as-received (AR) state and after a long-term operation (LTO). A significant number of non-metallic inclusions forming chains stretched along the direction of pipe rolling were found in the microstructure of the LTO steel. The lowest values of elongation at break and impact toughness of the steel were determined for the lower part of the pipe close to its inner surface.

Factors Determining the Quality of Life of Polish Women during Menopause Based on the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire.

Background: The aim of the study was to present the process of cultural adaptation to Polish conditions and the validation of a scale assessing the quality of life of Polish women during the menopause and to identify the factors determining this quality of life.

Methods: The research tools were the menopause-specific quality of life (MENQOL) questionnaire and a standardized interview questionnaire comprising questions on the participants' characteristics. The study involved 516 women using health care services who had symptoms caused by the menopause.

Polish Validation of a 14-Item Version of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale (RSS-14): Factorial Structure, Psychometric Properties, and Clinical Correlates.

Religious and spiritual (R/S) struggles are defined as the occurrence of tension, conflict, or strain that focus on matters of ultimate significance perceived by people as sacred. The widespread prevalence of R/S struggles and the growing demand for research in this area created the need for a brief tool. Recently, the 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale was developed and validated (Exline et al.

Death education for Palliative care: a european project for University students.

Background: The need to spread the culture of palliative care and to train health care professionals from undergraduate courses is recognised internationally. The article presents the outcomes of a project devoted to palliative care training in university courses in four countries.

Aims: This article considered the outcomes of a course designed for university students who had the potential to work in a palliative care team.

Self-concept clarity and processing self-relevant information: An event-related potential study.

Self-concept clarity (SCC) refers to the extent to which self-beliefs are clearly and confidently defined, internally consistent, and stable. While there is an abundance of research showing an association between SCC, well-being, and effective self-regulation, there is little knowledge about how SCC relates to basic cognitive processes such as attention and memory. Drawing on the attentional function theory of cognitive control, we hypothesized that low SCC is associated with greater attentional control during a trait assessment task.

The Future of Morphological Science Education: Learning and Teaching Anatomy in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 Pandemic has conveyed an unprecedented worldwide challenge. Although there is much emphasis on caring for patients and communities, the high incidence of SARS-CoV-2 had seriously disturbed education and calls for prompt as well as serious consideration from educators in medical schools. The necessity to teach and prepare prospective medics, as well as clinicians, has certainly not been as intense as it is currently.

Social Networks, New Technologies, and Wellbeing-An Interview Study on Factors Influencing Older Adults' Successful Ageing.

Many factors are considered vital in supporting successful ageing and older adults' wellbeing. Whilst evidence exists around facilitating and hindering factors in the general use of various forms of institutional and family support and personal development-oriented education and/or new technologies, evidence is limited with regards to older people's motivations, expectations, and experiences surrounding ageing. Hence, in this study, the author used a qualitative explanatory method to interpret the factors influencing seniors' successful ageing.

Risk Perception of COVID-19, Religiosity, and Subjective Well-Being in Emerging Adults: The Mediating Role of Meaning-Making and Perceived Stress.

The pressured experienced due to COVID-19 for young people has become clearly visible in the domain of well-being. Although the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on emerging adults have been examined, little is known about the role played by risk perception and religiosity for their well-being. In addition, the mediating effects of meaning-making and perceived stress still need to be investigated.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic marker of glioblastoma obtained from machine learning and changes in the spectra.

Background: Glioblastoma is among the most malignant brain cancer with an average survival rate measured in months. In neurosurgical practice, it is considered impossible to completely remove a glioblastoma because of difficulties in the intraoperative assessment of the boundaries between healthy brain tissue and glioblastoma cells. Therefore, it is important to find a new, quick, cost-effective and useful neurosurgical practice method for the intraoperative differentiation of glioblastoma from healthy brain tissue.

Validation of the German version of the subarachnoid haemorrhage outcome tool (SAHOT).

Objective: The subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) outcome tool (SAHOT) is the first SAH-specific patient reported outcome measure, and was developed in the UK. We aimed to validate the SAHOT outside the UK, and therefore endeavored to adapt the SAHOT into German and to test its psychometric properties.

Methods: We adapted and pilot tested the German version.

Euthanasia in opinions of students of medicine.

Introduction And Objective: Euthanasia assumes the deliberate deprivation of life of another human being for the good of that person. At present, euthanasia is legally practiced in Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg, Columbia and Canada. In Poland, euthanasia is strictly prohibited.

Stuck in a Rut of Thought-That Is Just a Barrier: Dysfunctional Metacognitive Beliefs, Limitation on Individual Freedom and Well-Being of Adolescents during COVID-19 Lockdown.

Background: The aim of the cross-sectional study was to conduct an exploratory analysis of identifying factors related to mood, metacognitive beliefs, and limitation on individual freedom associated with lockdown restrictions during COVID-19, and to determine whether they may be relevant to the deteriorating well-being of adolescents.

Methods: A total of 387 adolescents (M = 15.37; SD = 1.

Response of murine gut microbiota to a prebiotic based on oligosaccharides derived via hydrolysis of fungal α-(1→3)-d-glucan: Preclinical trial study on mice.

We investigated the modulating effect of α-(1→3)-glucooligosaccharides (GOS), i.e. a product of fungal α-(1→3)-d-glucan hydrolysis, on the gut microbiota composition.

Comorbidities and concentration of trace elements in livers of European bison from Bieszczady Mountains (Poland).

European bison is a species for which health monitoring is essential in conservation activities. So far, little research has been carried out on the concentration of elements in this species. Most previous studies did not associate the concentration of elements with susceptibility to diseases.

Positive cyberpsychology as a field of study of the well-being of people interacting with and technology.

The aim of the article is to postulate introducing and developing positive cyberpsychology (PCyb) as a subdiscipline of cyberpsychology, which emerges at the intersection of cyberpsychology, positive psychology, and well-being informed design, and focuses on studying determinants of human well-being through interactions with and technology. The article presents the rationale for considering the emergence of PCyb based on the importance of research on the positive transformation of people in the era of progressive digitalization and cyborgization, and the growing partnership of cyberpsychology, positive psychology, and well-being informed design in the form of paradigms and ongoing research. Moreover, it highlights the need to reframe cyberpsychology dominated by the study of the "dark side" of technology and the need to integrate and increase the "visibility" of research results on the beneficial effects of technology.

Preparation and Surface Characterization of Chitosan-Based Coatings for PET Materials.

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)-PET-is one of the most frequently used polymers in biomedical applications. Due to chemical inertness, PET surface modification is necessary to gain specific properties, making the polymer biocompatible. The aim of this paper is to characterize the multi-component films containing chitosan (Ch), phospholipid 1,2-dioleoyl--glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), immunosuppressant cyclosporine A (CsA) and/or antioxidant lauryl gallate (LG) which can be utilized as a very attractive material for developing the PET coatings.

Pro-health measures as a creator of new behavior norms and attitudes.

The monograph analyzes health behaviors and main factors on the basis of which it is possible to transform a lifestyle generally focused on the well-being of an individual and society. According to WHO, health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not only the absence of a disease. The definition clearly explains its multidimensional and multithreaded character dependent subjectively on every individual and on social and cultural conditions.

Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles as Effective Drug Delivery Systems-A review.

Chitosan-based nanoparticles (chitosan-based nanocomposites; chitosan nanoparticles; ChNPs) are promising materials that are receiving a lot of attention in the last decades. ChNPs have great potential as nanocarriers. They are able to encapsulate drugs as well as active compounds and deliver them to a specific place in the body providing a controlled release.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of Irradiated Grape Snails () and Investigation of Biophysical Parameters.

A study of grape snails using the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy method, where shells were exposed to ionizing gamma radiation, indicated that the effect of radiation up to certain doses results in the emergence of magnetic properties in the organism. The identification of the EPR spectra of the body and shell parts of the control and irradiated grape snails separately showed that more iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles are generated in the body part of the grape snail compared to the shells. A linear increase in free radical signals (g = 2.

Characteristics of Hybrid Bioglass-Chitosan Coatings on the Plasma Activated PEEK Polymer.

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a biocompatible, chemically and physically stable radiolucent polymer that exhibits a similar elastic modulus to the normal human bone, making it an attractive orthopedic implant material. However, PEEK is biologically inert, preventing strong enough bonding with the surrounding bone tissue when implanted in vivo. Surface modification and composite preparation are the two main strategies for the improvement of the bioactivity of PEEK.

The Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Problematic Facebook Use: The Indirect Effects of Perceived Stress.

Facebook is one of the most popular social media platforms. As well as facilitating contact and the exchange of information, the use of Facebook can lead to problematic Facebook use (PFU) among a small number of users. Previous studies have shown the relationship between PFU and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs).