Hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis: Response to continuous insulin infusion.

Objective: To assess the response of serum triglycerides (TG) to continuous insulin infusion (CII) in adults with hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HTGP).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of TG response to standardized CII therapy in 77 adults admitted to intensive care with TG >1000 mg/dL and HTGP.

Results: Participants had initial TG 3869.

Scope of Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Oncology.

Gastrointestinal cancers are among the leading causes of death worldwide, with over 2.8 million deaths annually. Over the last few decades, advancements in artificial intelligence technologies have led to their application in medicine.

Racial differences in the outcomes of IBD hospitalizations: a national population-based study.

Purpose: There are  scarce data describing the outcomes of hospitalized patients admitted with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) stratified by race. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the difference in outcomes between adult white and black patients hospitalized with a principal diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods: Data were obtained from the 2016 and 2017 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

Long-Acting Injectable ART and PrEP Among Women in Six Cities Across the United States: A Qualitative Analysis of Who Would Benefit the Most.

Long-acting injectable (LAI) modalities have been developed for ART and PrEP. Women face unique barriers to LAI use yet little research has examined women's perceptions of potential LAI HIV therapy candidates. We conducted 89 in-depth interviews at six Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) sites with women living with HIV (n = 59) and HIV-negative women (n = 30) from 2017 to 2018.

Efficacy and Toxicity Profile of Carfilzomib-Based Regimens for Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review.

Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a proteasome inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Multiple trials are ongoing to evaluate its efficacy and safety in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). The use of CFZ-based two- or three-drug combination regimens as induction for the management of NDMM is an emerging approach.

Effect of iron supplementation in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The effectiveness of oral and intravenous iron supplementation in reducing the risk of mortality and hospitalizations in HF patients with iron deficiency is not well-established.

Methods: A thorough literature search was conducted across 2 electronic databases (Medline and Cochrane Central) from inception through March 2021. RCTs assessing the impact of iron supplementation on clinical outcomes in iron deficient HF patients were considered for inclusion.

Insulin management in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus on high-dose glucocorticoids: Management of steroid-exacerbated hyperglycemia.

Background: Glucocorticoid (GC)-exacerbated hyperglycemia is prevalent in hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) but evidence-based insulin guidelines in inpatient settings are lacking.

Methods And Findings: Retrospective cohort study with capillary blood glucose (CBG) readings and insulin use, dosed with 50% basal (glargine)-50% bolus (lispro) insulin, analyzed in hospitalized patients with insulin-treated DM given GC and matched controls without GC (n = 131 pairs). GC group (median daily prednisone-equivalent dose: 53.

The Co-existence of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: Two Cases and Review of the Literature.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have shared features including vasculitis, ocular inflammation, interstitial lung disease, and arthritis but existing evidence indicates they are distinct conditions. Interestingly, the co-existence of GPA and RA has been described in the literature. Herein, we report two cases of GPA developing in patients with underlying RA and examine the relationship between the two conditions.

Restriction of HIV-1 infection in sickle cell trait.

Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have a lower risk for HIV-1 infection. We reported restriction of ex vivo HIV-1 infection in SCD peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that was due, in part, to the upregulation of antiviral, inflammatory, and hemolytic factors, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Here, we investigated whether individuals with sickle cell trait (SCT), who develop mild hemolysis, also restrict HIV-1 infection.

KSHV/HHV8-mediated hematologic diseases.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8, is the causal agent of KS but is also pathogenetically related to several lymphoproliferative disorders, including primary effusion lymphoma (PEL)/extracavitary (EC) PEL, KSHV-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), KSHV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder. These different KSHV-associated diseases may co-occur and may have overlapping features. KSHV, similar to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is a lymphotropic gammaherpesvirus that is preferentially present in abnormal lymphoid proliferations occurring in immunecompromised individuals.

Clinical Presentation Patterns and Survival Outcomes of Hispanic Patients With Gastric Cancer.

Background: Hispanic patients have a higher incidence of gastric cancer when compared to non-Hispanics. Outlining clinicodemographic characteristics and assessing the impact of ethnicity on stage-specific survival may identify opportunities to improve gastric cancer care for this population.

Methods: Patients with gastric cancer in the US Safety Net Collaborative (2012-2014) were retrospectively reviewed.

Trends in hospitalizations and mortality for inflammatory bowel disease from a nationwide database study between 2008 and 2018.

This study aimed to describe the trends, inpatient outcomes, and disease burden of hospitalizations for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Our study included data on hospitalizations with a principal discharge diagnosis of CD and UC gathered from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for the years 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018. Individuals ≤18 years and elective hospitalizations were excluded.

Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage After Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Background: Intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), possibly due to reperfusion, after evacuation of a cranial chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a known phenomenon. However, it is sparingly reported and not well understood.

Methods: An illustrative case series is presented.

Death from COVID-19 in a Hispanic postpartum woman and review of the literature.

There is still much we do not know about the impact of COVID-19 on the health of pregnant and postpartum women and pregnancy outcomes. Current evidence suggests that there is biological plausibility for worse outcomes among this population. This case report details the clinical care given to a postpartum Hispanic and obese woman diagnosed with COVID-19 in April 2020.

Development of a core outcome set for therapeutic studies in eosinophilic esophagitis (COREOS).

Background: End points used to determine treatment efficacy in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) have evolved over time. With multiple novel therapies in development for EoE, harmonization of outcomes measures will facilitate evidence synthesis and appraisal when comparing different treatments.

Objective: We sought to develop a core outcome set (COS) for controlled and observational studies of pharmacologic and diet interventions in adult and pediatric patients with EoE.

Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling and gut flora analysis in intestinal polyps patients.

Background: The intestinal polyp is the precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer. DNA methylation and intestinal microbiota may play an important role in the development of intestinal polyp.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we included 10 patients with intestinal polyps who received the colonoscopy examination.

Adolescents' Experiences, Emotions, and Coping Strategies Associated With Exposure to Media-Based Vicarious Racism.

Importance: Adolescents frequently encounter racism vicariously through online news and social media and may experience negative emotional responses due to these exposures. To mitigate potential adverse health impacts, including negative emotional health, it is important to understand how adolescents cope with these exposures.

Objectives: To examine adolescents' responses to online and media-based vicarious racism exposure and to explore coping strategies, particularly positive coping strategies, that may be used to combat negative emotions.

Comparing Medicare Advantage And Traditional Medicare: A Systematic Review.

Medicare Advantage enrollment has almost doubled since 2010 and now accounts for more than a third of all Medicare beneficiaries. We performed a systematic review to compare Medicare Advantage and traditional Medicare on key metrics. Evidence from forty-eight studies showed that in most or all comparisons, Medicare Advantage was associated with more preventive care visits, fewer hospital admissions and emergency department visits, shorter hospital and skilled nursing facility lengths-of-stay, and lower health care spending.

Gastroparesis with Cannabis Use: A Retrospective Study from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample.

: With increasing utilization of cannabis in the United States (US), clinicians may encounter more cases of Gastroparesis (GP) in coming years.: The primary outcome was inpatient mortality for GP with cannabis use. Secondary outcomes included system-based complications and the burden of the disease on the US healthcare system.