Electrocardiographic Assessment of National-Level Triathletes: Sinus Bradycardia and Other Electrocardiographic Abnormalities.

Background: High-intensity endurance training induces specific cardiac adaptations, often observed through electrocardiographic (ECG) changes. This study investigated the prevalence of ECG abnormalities in national-level Australian triathletes compared to sedentary controls.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 22 triathletes and 7 sedentary controls.

The Impact of Cancer Status on Anxiety in Prostate Cancer Patients: A Network Analysis.

Prostate cancer (PCa) patients often also suffer from comorbid anxiety, which can impede treatment efficacy as well as be intrinsically unpleasant. Identification of the associations between particular symptoms of anxiety that are most likely to occur at different points in the PCa diagnosis-treatment journey can inform anxiety treatment choices and potentially influence their overall treatment outcomes. Although simple correlational analyses and ANOVA models of data analysis have been used to address this issue, the possibility of confounds due to the inter-relationships between other anxiety symptoms argues for the use of network analysis, which calculates each symptom-symptom connection while also taking into account the entire range of symptom relationships.

Modern radiation therapy for keratinocyte cancer: What the general practitioner needs to know.

Background: Keratinocyte cancer (KC) in Australia poses a unique healthcare challenge due to its high prevalence and the requirement for multidisciplinary management of many cases. Advances in radiation therapy (RT) have increased its use in treating different keratinocyte cancer presentations. Understanding the indications for RT and the role that general practitioners (GPs) play in the treatment pathway are imperative to ensure best patient outcomes.

Effectiveness and Patient Experiences of Rhenium Skin Cancer Therapy for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Interim Results from the EPIC-Skin Study.

Nonmelanoma skin cancer and its treatment represent a significant global cancer burden for health care systems and patients. Rhenium skin cancer therapy (Rhenium SCT) is a novel noninvasive radionuclide nonmelanoma skin cancer treatment, which can be provided in a single outpatient session. The aim of this prospective, multicenter, single-arm, international, phase IV study (EPIC-Skin) is to assess clinic- and patient-reported outcomes of Rhenium SCT as a treatment for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Performance of Commercial Dermatoscopic Systems That Incorporate Artificial Intelligence for the Identification of Melanoma in General Practice: A Systematic Review.

Background: Cutaneous melanoma remains an increasing global public health burden, particularly in fair-skinned populations. Advancing technologies, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), may provide an additional tool for clinicians to help detect malignancies with a more accurate success rate. This systematic review aimed to report the performance metrics of commercially available convolutional neural networks (CNNs) tasked with detecting MM.

Network connectivity between psychological resilience and depression in prostate cancer patients.

Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) patients often experience depression. One possible buffer against stress-related depression is psychological resilience (PR), which has been described as heterogeneous in structure, like major depressive disorder (MDD). Although both of these constructs are central to understanding and assisting distressed PCa patients, no data have been reported on how they connect via network arrays at a component and symptom level.

Implementation of artificial intelligence for the detection of cutaneous melanoma within a primary care setting: prevalence and types of skin cancer in outdoor enthusiasts.

Background: There is enthusiasm for implementing artificial intelligence (AI) to assist clinicians detect skin cancer. Performance metrics of AI from dermoscopic images have been promising, with studies documenting sensitivity and specificity values equal to or superior to specialists for the detection of malignant melanomas (MM). Early detection rates would particularly benefit Australia, which has the worlds highest incidence of MM .

Network analysis of depression in prostate cancer patients: Implications for assessment and treatment.

Objectives: Many prostate cancer patients also suffer from depression, which can decrease their life satisfaction and also impede recovery from their cancer. This study described the network structure of depressive symptomatology in prostate cancer patients, with a view to providing suggestions for clinical interventions for depressed patients.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 555 prostate cancer patients completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).

Usual interstitial pneumonia: a review of the pathogenesis and discussion of elastin fibres, type II pneumocytes and proposed roles in the pathogenesis.

The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and its histological counterpart, usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) remains debated. IPF/UIP is a disease characterised by respiratory restriction, and while there have been recent advances in treatment, mortality remains high. Genetic and environmental factors predispose to its development and aberrant alveolar repair is thought to be central.

Bibliometric and Density Visualisation Mapping Analysis of Domestic Violence in Australia Research Output 1984-2019.

Domestic violence is highly prevalent in Australia and has serious and complex impacts. This study aimed to analyse research outputs on domestic violence in Australia from the period of 1984 to 2019. Articles relevant to domestic violence in Australia that met specified inclusion criteria were retrieved using the Scopus database.

Mapping Research on miRNAs in Cancer: A Global Data Analysis and Bibliometric Profiling Analysis.

miRNAs biomarkers are emerging as an essential part of clinical oncology. Their oncogenic and tumour suppressor properties playing a role in malignancy has generated interest in their potential for use in disease prognosis. While several studies on miRNA have been carried out across the globe, evaluating the clinical implications of miRNAs in cancer diagnosis and prognosis research has currently not been attempted.

A practical approach to establishing a critical care outreach service: An expert panel research design.

Background: For over two decades, nurse-led critical care outreach services have improved the recognition, response, and management of deteriorating patients in general hospital wards, yet variation in terms, design, implementation, and evaluation of such services continue. For those establishing a critical care outreach service, these factors make the literature difficult to interpret and translate to the real-world setting.

Aim: The aim of this study was to provide a practical approach to establishing a critical care outreach service in the hospital setting.

A Clinical Investigation on the Theragnostic Effect of MicroRNA Biomarkers for Survival Outcome in Cervical Cancer: A PRISMA-P Compliant Protocol for Systematic Review and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis.

Background: The most often diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide is cancer of the cervix. It is also the most prevalent kind of gynecological cancer in women. This cancer originates in the opening of the cervix and spreads through sexual contact.

Patient-Reported Bowel, Urinary, and Sexual Outcomes After Laparoscopic-Assisted Resection or Open Resection for Rectal Cancer: The Australasian Laparoscopic Cancer of the Rectum Randomized Clinical Trial (ALaCart).

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare patient-reported urinary, bowel, and sexual functioning of ALaCaRT Trial participants randomized to open or laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer.

Summary Background Data: The primary endpoint, noninferiority of laparoscopic surgical resection adequacy, was not established.

Methods: Participants completed QLQ-CR29 at baseline, 3, and 12 months post-surgery.

Molecular Investigation of miRNA Biomarkers as Chemoresistance Regulators in Melanoma: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Melanoma is a global disease that is predominant in Western countries. However, reliable data resources and comprehensive studies on the theragnostic efficiency of miRNAs in melanoma are scarce. Hence, a decisive study or comprehensive review is required to collate the evidence for profiling miRNAs as a theragnostic marker.

A Clinical Update on the Prognostic Effect of microRNA Biomarkers for Survival Outcome in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a relatively uncommon malignancy in the Western world, is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia where the treatment outcomes are poor. Despite recent improvements in diagnosis and treatment locoregional control, distant metastasis and chemoresistance continue to be a significant cause of mortality. Identification of a reliable and comprehensive prognostic biomarker is highly desirable.

Prognostic Utility of Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio in Head and Neck Cancers: A Detailed PRISMA Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Inflammation plays a major role in cancer development and progression and has the potential to be used as a prognostic marker in cancer. Previous studies have attempted to evaluate Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) or monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) as indicators of inflammation/prognostic markers in cancer, but there is no common consensus on their application in clinical practice. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to (a) assess the prognostic efficacy of all three prognostic markers in comparison to each other and (b) investigate the prognostic potential of these three markers in HNC.

'I Didn't Even Recognise Myself': Survivors' Experiences of Altered Appearance and Body Image Distress during and after Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer.

Purpose: Preparation for head and neck cancer treatment is focused on practicalities of treatment. Little or no time is spent prior to treatment discussing aesthetic results of treatment or the psychosocial impact of living with an altered appearance after treatment. The objective of this study was to explore the experiences of survivors of head and neck cancers, with a focus on the psychosocial impact of altered appearance.

Faculty of Radiation Oncology 2018 workforce census: the status of the radiation oncology workforce in New Zealand.

Aim: This paper outlines the results of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) Faculty of Radiation Oncology (FRO) 2018 workforce census. Here we report the responses of New Zealand radiation oncologists and trainees in order to understand characteristics of the New Zealand radiation oncology workforce.

Method: The workforce census was conducted online during July-September 2018.

Clinical Theragnostic Potential of Diverse miRNA Expressions in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Prostate cancer (PrC) is the second-most frequent cancer in men, its incidence is emerging globally and is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. While diagnosis and prognosis of PrC have been studied well, the associated therapeutic biomarkers have not yet been investigated comprehensively. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the theragnostic effects of microRNA expressions on chemoresistance in prostate cancer and to analyse the utility of miRNAs as clinical theragnostic biomarkers.

Unmet supportive care needs among Indigenous cancer patients across Australia.

Introduction: Indigenous Australians with cancer tend to be diagnosed with more aggressive and advanced-stage disease, receive less treatment, have poorer survival and lower quality of life than other Australians. Reducing these inequalities requires an understanding of the supportive care needs of this cancer group. This study aims to describe the type and extent of unmet supportive care needs of Indigenous Australian cancer patients.

Comparison of oral vs. combined topical/intravenous/oral tranexamic acid in the prevention of blood loss in total knee arthroplasty: A randomised clinical trial.

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has long been used to reduce blood loss associated with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Debate remains over the best administration route with limited data comparing regimes including, to date, no studies investigating the equivalence of oral TXA and a combined topical/intravenous (IV) regime. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of oral TXA to combined topical/IV/oral TXA.

Case report: Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal repair of an obturator hernia with self-gripping mesh under spinal anaesthesia.

Introduction: Obturator hernias account for less than 0.073% of all hernias and less than 1.6% of all cases of mechanical bowel obstructions.