19,414 results match your criteria: "Johannes Gutenberg - University[Affiliation]"

Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasias grade 3 (NEN G3) are rare tumors with poor prognosis and no established second-line therapy. The role of immune checkpoint blockade in these aggressive tumors remains unclear.

Methods: The phase II AVENEC study evaluated the effect of avelumab (AVE, 10 mg/kg IV Q2W) in 60 patients with well-differentiated high-grade neuroendocrine tumors (NET G3, N=22) or poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC, N=38) progressing after ≥ one prior chemotherapy (excluding Merkel cell and small-cell lung cancer).

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The TIRAP protein is an adaptor protein in TLR signaling which links TLR2 and TLR4 to the adaptor protein Myd88. The transcriptomic profiles of zebrafish larvae from a , and mutant and the corresponding wild type controls under unchallenged developmental conditions revealed a specific involvement of in calcium homeostasis and myosin regulation. Metabolomic profiling showed that the mutation results in lower glucose levels, whereas a mutation leads to higher glucose levels.

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Public understanding of medical innovations such as smart technology is decisive for its acceptance and implementation. Thus, it is important to understand what visions people develop of a technology based on initial information such as the label. We chose smart implants as an example and conducted qualitative interviews with 47 former implant patients to record their mental models after exposing them to the idea of smart implants through a vignette.

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Introduction: The Big Five Inventory (BFI) is a popular measure that evaluates personality on the Big-Five model. Apart from its utilization across cultures, the literature did not reveal any meta-analysis for the reliability of the different versions of the BFI and its translations. The current study carried out a reliability generalization meta-analysis (REGEMA) to establish the reliability of the BFI across cultures and languages.

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After a peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cells (SCs), the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system, convert into repair cells that foster axonal regrowth, and then remyelinate or re-ensheath regenerated axons, thereby ensuring functional recovery. The efficiency of this mechanism depends however on the time needed for axons to regrow. Here, we show that ablation of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) in SCs accelerates the regrowth of sensory axons and sensory function recovery.

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Understanding GABAergic synapse diversity and its implications for GABAergic pharmacotherapy.

Trends Neurosci

January 2025

Laboratory of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Institute of Anatomy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany. Electronic address:

Despite the substantial contribution of disruptions in GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission to the etiology of psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative disorders, surprisingly few drugs targeting the GABAergic system are currently available, partly due to insufficient understanding of circuit-specific GABAergic synapse biology. In addition to GABA receptors, GABAergic synapses contain an elaborate organizational protein machinery that regulates the properties of synaptic transmission. Until recently, this machinery remained largely unexplored, but key methodological advances have now led to the identification of a wealth of new GABAergic organizer proteins.

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Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761® ameliorates cognitive impairment and alleviates TNFα response in 5xFAD Alzheimer's disease model mice.

Phytomedicine

January 2025

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Ginkgo biloba leaf extract EGb 761® has shown clinical efficacy in patients with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the pharmacological action of EGb 761® in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear and molecular mechanisms targeted in the brain are not completely understood.

Hypothesis/purpose: We aimed to investigate 1) the potential sex-dependent effects of oral administration of EGb 761® in 5xFAD mice, an AD mouse model, and 2) the underlying microglial subtype responsible for the observed anti-inflammatory effects in the brain.

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New concepts to treat eye diseases have emerged that elegantly combine unnatural light exposure with chemical biology approaches to achieve superior cellular specificity and, as a result, improvement of visual function. Historically, light exposure without further molecular eye treatment has offered limited success including photocoagulation to halt pathological blood vessel growth or low light exposure to stimulate retinal cell viability. To add cellular specificity to such treatments, researchers have introduced various biological or chemical light-sensing molecules and combined those with light exposure.

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Aims: Secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) are the most common valvular heart diseases in patients with heart failure (HF). Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) devices designed for treating MR and TR have been successfully tested in randomized controlled trials, but methodological issues have often challenged their interpretation. This manuscript aimed to provide an overview of TEER registries on SMR and TR in HF, highlighting their key features, describing clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients receiving these devices, and exploring the available data limitations.

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Neutrophils are peripheral blood-circulating leukocytes that play a pivotal role in host defense against bacterial pathogens which upon activation, they release web-like chromatin structures called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Here, we analyzed and compared the importance of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88), peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), and gasdermin D (GSDMD) for NET formation in vivo following sepsis and neutrophilia challenge. Injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/E.

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Social insects form complex societies with division of labour between different female castes. In most species, a single queen heads the colony; in others, several queens share the task of reproduction. These different social organisations are often associated with distinct queen morphologies and life-history strategies and occur in different environments.

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Dietary preferences of extant reptiles can be directly observed, whereas diet reconstruction of extinct species typically relies on morphological or dental features. More specific information about the ingested diet is contained in the chemistry of hard tissues. Stable isotopes of calcium and strontium show systematic fractionations between diet and skeletal bioapatite, which is applied for diet and trophic-level reconstructions of extant and extinct vertebrate species.

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Pyrophosphate-stabilized amorphous calcium carbonates (PyACC) are promising compounds for bone repair due to their ability to release calcium, carbonate, and phosphate ions following pyrophosphate hydrolysis. However, shaping these metastable and brittle materials using conventional methods remains a challenge, especially in the form of macroporous scaffolds, yet essential to promote cell colonization. To overcome these limitations, this article describes for the first time the design and multiscale characterization of freeze-cast alginate (Alg)-PyACC nanocomposite scaffolds.

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The mRNA-binding protein KSRP (KH-type splicing regulatory protein) is known to modulate immune cell functions post-transcriptionally, e.g., by reducing the mRNA stability of cytokines.

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Introduction: Our recent meta-analyses have demonstrated that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) causes a range of mean changes in various measures and predictors of endurance and sprint performance in athletes. Here, we extend the analyses to relationships between mean changes of these measures and consider implications for understanding and improving HIIT that were not apparent in the previous analyses.

Methods: The data were mean changes from HIIT with highly trained endurance and elite other (mainly team sport) athletes in studies where two or more measures or predictors of performance were available.

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Effective targeting of somatic cancer mutations to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy requires an individualized approach. Autogene cevumeran is a uridine messenger RNA lipoplex-based individualized neoantigen-specific immunotherapy designed from tumor-specific somatic mutation data obtained from tumor tissue of each individual patient to stimulate T cell responses against up to 20 neoantigens. This ongoing phase 1 study evaluated autogene cevumeran as monotherapy (n = 30) and in combination with atezolizumab (n = 183) in pretreated patients with advanced solid tumors.

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Purpose: This study aimed to assess the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 68Ga-DATA5m LM4 in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Patients And Methods: Eight patients (5 females and 3 males) with various gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors were included in the study. Each patient underwent 3 whole-body PET scans at 10, 60, and 120 minutes after receiving an IV injection of approximately 162.

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Emotions are associated with subjective emotion-specific bodily sensations. Here, we utilized this relationship and computational linguistic methods to map a representation of emotions in ancient texts. We analyzed Neo-Assyrian texts from 934-612 BCE to discern consistent relationships between linguistic expressions related to both emotions and bodily sensations.

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Tumor burden with AFP improves survival prediction for TACE-treated patients with HCC: An international observational study.

JHEP Rep

January 2025

State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Background & Aims: Current prognostic models for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) are not extensively validated and widely accepted. We aimed to develop and validate a continuous model incorporating tumor burden and biology for individual survival prediction and risk stratification.

Methods: Overall, 4,377 treatment-naive candidates for whom TACE was recommended, from 39 centers in five countries, were enrolled and divided into training, internal validation, and two external validation datasets.

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Despite the development of various motor learning models over many decades, the question of which model is most effective under which conditions to optimize the acquisition of skills remains a heated and recurring debate. This is particularly important in connection with learning sports movements with a high strength component. This study aims to examine the acute effects of various motor learning models on technical efficiency and force production during the Olympic snatch movement.

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Scan accuracy of recently introduced wireless intraoral scanners in different fixed partial denture situations.

J Dent

February 2025

Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Material Science, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to compare the accuracy of new wireless intraoral scanners (IOSs) with traditional wired IOSs in different scenarios related to fixed partial dentures (FPDs).
  • Models of partially edentulous maxillae were scanned using both types of scanners and results were analyzed against reference scans to measure trueness and precision.
  • Findings revealed that while the wireless IOSs showed good accuracy, wired IOSs outperformed in certain metrics, particularly in angular and interimplant distance measurements, with higher inaccuracies noted in posterior FPDs.
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