Purification and characterization of a thermophilic NAD-dependent lactate dehydrogenase from Moorella thermoacetica.

Oxidation of lactate under anaerobic dark fermentative conditions poses an energetic problem. The redox potential of the lactate/pyruvate couple is too electropositive to reduce the physiological electron carriers NAD(P) or ferredoxin. However, the thermophilic, anaerobic, and acetogenic model organism Moorella thermoacetica can grow on lactate but was suggested to have a NAD-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), based on enzyme assays in cell-free extract.

Acetogenesis to ethanologenesis: facilitating NADH oxidation via reductive acetate uptake.

(Homo)acetogens, including Clostridium spp., represent an enigma in metabolic flexibility and diversity. Eubacterium callanderi KIST612 is an acetogen that produces n-butyrate with carbon monoxide (CO) as the carbon and energy source; however, the production route is unknown.

Proposal: Bold New Indications for Transcatheter Pulmonary Flow Restrictors.

This proposal presents a proof of concept for the use of pulmonary flow restrictors (PFRs) based on MVP™-devices, drawing from clinical experience, and explores their potential role in the management of newborns with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), other complex left heart lesions, and infants with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). At this early stage of age, manually adjusted PFRs can be tailored to patient's size and hemodynamic needs. Although currently used off-label, PFRs have substantial potential to improve outcomes in these vulnerable patient populations.

Probing the Protein Kinases' Cysteinome by Covalent Fragments.

Protein kinases are important drug targets, yet specific inhibitors have been developed for only a fraction of the more than 500 human kinases. A major challenge in designing inhibitors for highly related kinases is selectivity. Unlike their non-covalent counterparts, covalent inhibitors offer the advantage of selectively targeting structurally similar kinases by modifying specific protein side chains, particularly non-conserved cysteines.

NMR resonance assignment of a ligand-binding domain of ephrin receptor A2.

Ephrin receptors regulate intercellular communication and are thus involved in tumor development. Ephrin receptor A2 (EphA2), in particular, is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and is a proven target for anti-cancer drugs. The N-terminal ligand-binding domain of ephrin receptors is responsible for the recognition of their ligands, ephrins, and is directly involved in receptor activation.

Effect of Liquid Blood Concentrates on Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle- and Apoptosis-Related Gene Expressions in Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Cells: A Comparative In Vitro Study.

Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) presents a significant challenge to global healthcare due to its rising incidence, prompting the search for innovative treatments to overcome the limitations of current therapies. Our study aims to explore the potential effects of the liquid blood concentrate platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on basal cell carcinoma cells (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCCs) in order to obtain results that may lead to new possible adjunctive therapies for managing localized skin cancers, particularly NMSC. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cells and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells were indirectly treated with PRF generated via different relative centrifugation forces, namely high and low RCF PRF, for 7 days.

The C-terminal PHDVC5HCH tandem domain of NSD2 is a combinatorial reader of unmodified H3K4 and tri-methylated H3K27 that regulates transcription of cell adhesion genes in multiple myeloma.

Histone methyltransferase NSD2 (MMSET) overexpression in multiple myeloma (MM) patients plays an important role in the development of this disease subtype. Through the expansion of transcriptional activating H3K36me2 and the suppression of repressive H3K27me3 marks, NSD2 activates an aberrant set of genes that contribute to myeloma growth, adhesive and invasive activities. NSD2 transcriptional activity also depends on its non-catalytic domains, which facilitate its recruitment to chromatin through histone binding.

Amygdala-predominant α-synuclein pathology is associated with exacerbated hippocampal neuron loss in Alzheimer's disease.

Misfolded α-synuclein protein accumulates in 43-63% of individuals with symptomatic Alzheimer's disease. Two main patterns of comorbid α-synuclein pathology have been identified: caudo-rostral and amygdala-predominant. α-Synuclein aggregates have been shown to interact with the transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and abnormally phosphorylated tau protein.

Long-Term Survival in Grafted Sites of Dental Implants.

Objective: Vertical and horizontal bone insufficiency in both the maxilla and mandible has long been a contraindication for implants. This review provides an overview of the long-term survival rates of implants in augmented alveolar bone after the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique.

Results: GBR in a combination of allogeneic or xenogeneic graft material with a barrier membrane and simultaneous or delayed placement of dental implants has proven to be a very effective and feasible treatment option in long-term studies up to 35 years.

A novel coded healing abutment for a simplified digital workflow: A retrospective clinical study on 103 patients with a one year follow-up.

Objectives: To present the clinical results obtained using a novel coded healing abutment (CHA).

Methods: We evaluated 103 patients with fixed implant-supported zirconia restorations (90 single crowns, 26 partial dentures, and 6 full arches) manufactured via computer-aided-design/computer-assisted-manufacturing and starting from the point of intraoral scans of novel CHAs (i-Physio®, LYRA-ETK, Sallanches, France). Patients were followed for one year.

Long-Term Single-Molecule Tracking in Living Cells using Weak-Affinity Protein Labeling.

Single-particle tracking (SPT) has become a powerful tool to monitor the dynamics of membrane proteins in living cells. However, permanent labeling strategies for SPT suffer from photobleaching as a major limitation, restricting observation times, and obstructing the study of long-term cellular processes within single living cells. Here, we use exchangeable HaloTag Ligands (xHTLs) as an easy-to-apply labeling approach for live-cell SPT and demonstrate extended observation times of individual living cells of up to 30 minutes.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy and vagus somatosensory evoked potentials add to the power of established parameters such as poor cognitive performance, dsyosmia and APOe genotype to predict cognitive decline over 8 years in the elderly.

Alzheimer's dementia is the main cause of cognitive impairment in people over the age of 65, with Alzheimer's disease starting presumably 10-15 years before the onset of clinical symptoms. It is therefore important to recognize dementia at an early stage and identify possible predictors. The existing methods, like different parameters of ß-Amyloid and Tau quantification in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or the living brain by measure of PET, are invasive and expensive.

Thieno[3,2-b]pyridine: Attractive scaffold for highly selective inhibitors of underexplored protein kinases with variable binding mode.

Protein kinases are key regulators of numerous biological processes and aberrant kinase activity can cause various diseases, particularly cancer. Herein, we report the identification of new series of highly selective kinase inhibitors based on the thieno[3,2-b]pyridine scaffold. The weak interaction of the thieno[3,2-b]pyridine core with the kinase hinge region allows for profoundly different binding modes all of which maintain high kinome-wide selectivity, as illustrated by the isomers MU1464 and MU1668.

The effects of professional expertise on perceptions of treatment need in patients with class II division 1 malocclusion: a comparison between orthodontists, general dentists, and lay people in Germany.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the perception of practitioners with varying levels of expertise and laypeople regarding the orthodontic treatment need and facial harmony in patients with increased anterior overjet.

Methods: Three groups of observers (orthodontists, general dentists, and laypeople, in total n = 48) were asked to rate on images-using a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS)-the facial harmony and treatment need of a sample of 8 patients with class II division 1 malocclusion and overjets of 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm.

Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the three groups of observers regarding patients with an overjet of 4 mm and above (p < 0.

Cryo-EM reveals transition states of the Acinetobacter baumannii F-ATPase rotary subunits γ and ε, unveiling novel compound targets.

Priority 1: critical WHO pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii depends on ATP synthesis and ATP:ADP homeostasis and its bifunctional FF-ATP synthase. While synthesizing ATP, it regulates ATP cleavage by its inhibitory ε subunit to prevent wasteful ATP consumption. We determined cryo-electron microscopy structures of the ATPase active A.

Pongo's ecological diversity from dental macrowear analysis.

Objectives: Orangutans are found in tropical rainforests of Borneo (Pongo pygmaeus) and Sumatra (Pongo abelii and Pongo tapanuliensis), and they are primarily considered frugivorous species. However, ecological studies reported differences in feeding behavior between these species. P.

Focally Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients with Polymicrogyria-an MRI Study.

Purpose: Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a cortical malformation frequently associated with epilepsy. Our aim was to investigate the frequency and conspicuity of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) underneath dysplastic cortex as a potentially underrecognized feature of PMG in pediatric and adolescent patients undergoing clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: We analyzed data from 28 pediatric and adolescent patients with PMG and a matched control group, ranging in age from 2 days to 21 years, who underwent MRI at 1.

Effects of the intraoral scanner and implant library on the trueness of digital impressions in the full-arch implant scan: A comparative in vitro study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of intraoral scanners (IOSs) and implant libraries (ILs) on the trueness of digital impressions for the fabrication of implant-supported full-arch (FA) prostheses.

Methods: A stone cast of an edentulous maxilla with 6 implant analogues and cylindrical scanbodies (IPD ProCam®, Matarò, Barcelona, Spain) was probed using a coordinate measuring machine to capture a reference model (RM). The cast was mounted on a mannequin and scanned with 3 different IOSs (iTERO Element 5D Plus®, Align Technologies, San José, CA, USA; IS 3800®, Dexis, Quackertown, PN, USA; and i-700®, Medit, Seoul, South Korea).

Time as a Category in Survivors' Reports About Child Sexual Abuse: An Explorative Approach to Lifetime Abuse.

Since the 1990s, cases of serious violence and abuse, particularly sexual abuse in educational and social institutions of the Catholic Church, have been reported in numerous countries, including Ireland, the United States, and Australia. In many countries, commissions have been set up to investigate the widespread cases of abuse that could not be prosecuted under criminal law. The testimonies of survivors and other witnesses are used by the commissions of inquiry in their work.

3-Hydroxypropionate production from myo-inositol by the gut acetogen Blautia schinkii.

Species of the genus Blautia are not only abundant in the human gut but also contribute to human well-being. Our study demonstrates that the gut acetogen Blautia schinkii can grow on myo-inositol. We identified the pathway of myo-inositol degradation through a combination of physiological and biochemical studies, genome-wide expression profiling and homology searches.

Interictal blood-brain barrier dysfunction in piriform cortex of people with epilepsy.

Objective: The piriform cortex is considered to be highly epileptogenic. Its resection during epilepsy surgery is a predictor for postoperative seizure freedom in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy is associated with a dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier.

Ocean Species Discoveries 1-12 - A primer for accelerating marine invertebrate taxonomy.

Background: Discoveries of new species often depend on one or a few specimens, leading to delays as researchers wait for additional context, sometimes for decades. There is currently little professional incentive for a single expert to publish a stand-alone species description. Additionally, while many journals accept taxonomic descriptions, even specialist journals expect insights beyond the descriptive work itself.

Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) related changes in BMI and risk of diabetes: a prospective study from the RESPOND cohort consortium.

Background: With integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) use associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and BMI increases associated with higher diabetes mellitus (DM) risk, this study explored the relationship between INSTI/non-INSTI regimens, BMI changes, and DM risk.

Methods: RESPOND participants were included if they had CD4, HIV RNA, and ≥ 2 BMI measurements during follow up. Those with prior DM were excluded.