Associations between acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is 1 of the major complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Although various risk factors for chronic GVHD have been reported, limited data are available regarding the impact of acute GVHD on chronic GVHD. We examined the association between acute and chronic GVHD using a Japanese registry data set.

Guanylate binding protein 5 is an immune-related biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective prognostic study with bioinformatic analysis.

Background: Cancer utilizes immunosuppressive mechanisms to create a tumor microenvironment favorable for its progression. The purpose of this study is to histologically characterize the immunological properties of the tumor microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and identify key molecules involved in the immunological microenvironment and patient prognosis.

Methods: First, overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from OSCC transcriptome data in public databases.

Superiority of BM over PBSC for recipients with pre-transplant lung dysfunction in HLA-matched allogeneic HCT.

Background Aims: Pre-transplant lung dysfunction is known to be a risk factor for non-relapse mortality (NRM) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). It is unclear which cell source gives better outcomes for patients with pulmonary dysfunction.

Methods: We analyzed 3289 adult patients with standard-risk disease who had received HLA-matched allo-HCT, and compared outcomes between those who received peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) vs.

Effect of empagliflozin on ventricular arrhythmias in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: the EMPA-ICD trial.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death with type 2 diabetes; however, their effect on arrhythmias is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of empagliflozin on ventricular arrhythmias in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A total of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (ICD/CRT-D) were randomized to once-daily empagliflozin or placebo for 24 weeks.

Preliminary External Validation Results of the Artificial Intelligence-Based Headache Diagnostic Model: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study.

The misdiagnosis of headache disorders is a serious issue, and AI-based headache model diagnoses with external validation are scarce. We previously developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based headache diagnosis model using a database of 4000 patients' questionnaires in a headache-specializing clinic and herein performed external validation prospectively. The validation cohort of 59 headache patients was prospectively collected from August 2023 to February 2024 at our or collaborating multicenter institutions.

Analysis of reconstructed oropharynx shape after total glossolaryngectomy reconstruction using a free rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap.

Introduction: Restoring oral intake through oropharyngeal reconstruction is vital for patients undergoing total glossolaryngectomy. Despite its importance, research in this area is limited, leaving clinicians with few guidelines. The debate regarding the optimal shape of the reconstructed oropharynx highlights the need for further research.

Prophylactic sildenafil to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) persists as one of the foremost factors contributing to mortality and morbidity in extremely preterm infants. The effectiveness of administering sildenafil early on to prevent BPD remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of prophylactically administered sildenafil during the early life stages of preterm infants to prevent mortality and BPD.

Follow-up computed tomography and unexpected hemostasis in non-operative management of pediatric blunt liver and spleen injury.

Purpose: While follow-up CT and prophylactic embolization with angiography are often conducted during non-operative management (NOM) for BLSI, particularly in a high-grade injury, the utility of early repeated CT for preventing unexpected hemorrhage remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate whether early follow-up computerized tomography (CT) within 7 days after admission would decrease unexpected hemostatic procedures on pediatric blunt liver and spleen injury (BLSI).

Methods: A post-hoc analysis of a multicenter observational cohort study on pediatric patients with BLSI (2008-2019) was conducted on those who underwent NOM, in whom the timing of follow-up CT were decided by treating physicians.

Significance of absolute neutrophil count before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with aplastic anemia.

The impact of absolute neutrophil count (ANC) before allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) on the outcomes for patients with aplastic anemia (AA) remains unclear. We retrospectively evaluated the relationship between ANC before transplantation and patient outcomes, involving 883 adult Japanese patients with AA who underwent allogeneic HSCT as their first transplantation between 2008 and 2020. Patients were divided into three groups based on ANC: 0/µL (n = 116); 1-199 (n = 210); and ≥ 200 (n = 557).

Parenchymatous glossitis: A case report.

We present a case of parenchymatous glossitis with unilateral severe inflammation of the hyoglossus muscle, resulting in laryngeal edema. The route of inflammation was unique. Contrast-enhanced CT was useful for diagnosis.

Squamous cell papilloma of the hypopharynx with elongated villous projections.

Squamous cell papilloma with elongated villous projections may occur in the hypopharynx and present with symptoms observable on physical examination.

A case of post-renal acute kidney injury caused by bilateral ureterolithiasis.

Key Clinical Message: Bilateral ureterolithiasis is rare but can cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Clinicians should first examine for post-renal causes of AKI, even if the patient lacks subjective symptoms.

Abstract: This letter describes a case of bilateral ureterolithiasis which presented with post-renal acute kidney injury (AKI) and was successfully treated by bilateral retrograde ureteric stenting.

Successful Fistula Closure After Treatment with Colostomy and Infliximab in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis Complicated by Rectovaginal Fistula.

The patient was a 50-year-old Japanese woman who was diagnosed with total-colitis-type ulcerative colitis (UC) at the age of 26 years. She was treated with mesalazine and azathioprine, and her disease activity was well controlled. At the age of 50 years, the patient was experiencing fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, and anal pain, which led to a diagnosis of a relapse of UC.