Mediating role of exercise in the relationship between body dissatisfaction and overeating using structural equation modeling.

Background: With the rapid development of society, teenagers have more access to individuals with perfect bodies and are becoming more concerned about their body image. Currently, few studies assess body image and eating disorders comprehensively in China. Given the seriousness of these issues, there is an urgent need to understand the current state of body image and eating behaviors among Chinese people and formulate preventive strategies.

Effects of physical activity on sleep quality among university students: chain mediation between rumination and depression levels.

Background: Colleges and universities are currently facing the major public health issue of poor sleep quality. Sleep quality must be taken seriously to maintain the students' emotional and physical well-being. Thus, this study sought to determine how university students' levels of physical activity related to the quality of their sleep, as well as to explore the mechanisms via which physical activity affects sleep and provide suggestions for improving it.

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of a Nanoscale Deep Penetration Sealer in Improving Chloride Erosion Resistance of Concrete.

In this study, the protective effect of a Nanoscale Deep Penetration Sealer (NDPS) in improving the chloride erosion resistance of concrete was evaluated and the influence of water-cement ratio (/) and the NDPS spray volume on the protective effect was explored, in order to gain a deeper insight into the effect of NDPS on the durability of concrete in chloride environments. The thickness of the protective layer formed by NDPS within the concrete was determined and the effectiveness of this protective layer was verified. Based on the determination of the ability of NDPS to form a protective layer in concrete, the diffusion laws of chloride in concrete at different / and NDPS spray volumes were investigated, and a prediction model was established.

Self-Assemblies of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives with Different Symmetry: Adjusting by Solvent and Guest Molecules.

In this research, the self-assembly behaviors of two different symmetry carboxylic acid derivatives ( and ) regulated by solvent and guest molecule (coronene, COR) were explored at the liquid/solid interface by scanning tunneling microscopy, and the formation mechanism was investigated by density functional theory. In 1-phenyloctane, only molecules dissolved with extremely low concentration and self-assembled into a honeycomb structure and a new strip structure, while could not. In 1-heptanoic acid, and were easily dissolved, in which formed a regular row structure and formed a tetragonal structure, respectively.

Overview of Functionalized Porous Materials for Rare-Earth Element Separation and Recovery.

The exceptional photoelectromagnetic characteristics of rare-earth elements contribute significantly to their indispensable position in the high-tech industry. The exponential expansion of the demand for high-purity rare earth and related compounds can be attributed to the swift advancement of contemporary technology. Nevertheless, rare-earth elements are finite and limited resources, and their excessive mining unavoidably results in resource depletion and environmental degradation.

Deep learning-aided 3D proxy-bridged region-growing framework for multi-organ segmentation.

Accurate multi-organ segmentation in 3D CT images is imperative for enhancing computer-aided diagnosis and radiotherapy planning. However, current deep learning-based methods for 3D multi-organ segmentation face challenges such as the need for labor-intensive manual pixel-level annotations and high hardware resource demands, especially regarding GPU resources. To address these issues, we propose a 3D proxy-bridged region-growing framework specifically designed for the segmentation of the liver and spleen.

The Friction-Lubrication Effect and Compaction Characteristics of an SMA Asphalt Mixture under Variable Temperature Conditions.

The aim of this article is to explore the dynamic compaction characteristics of stone mastic asphalt (SMA) and the friction-lubrication effect of internal particles during the superpave gyratory compaction (SGC) process. Firstly, a calculated method for the compaction degree of an asphalt mixture in the gyratory compaction process was defined based on the multiphase granular volume method. Secondly, the gyratory compaction curves of asphalt mixtures were taken based on this calculation method of compaction degree.

Rational Design of FeCo-S/NiP/NF Heterojunction as a Robust Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting.

The rational design of nonnoble-metal-based catalysts with high electroactivity and long-term stability, featuring controllable active sites, remains a significant challenge for achieving effective water electrolysis. Herein, a heterogeneous catalyst with a FeCo-S and NiP heterostructure (denoted FeCo-S/NiP/NF) grown on nickel foam (NF) was synthesized by a solvothermal method and low-temperature phosphorization. The FeCo-S/NiP/NF catalyst shows excellent electrocatalytic performance and stability in alkaline solution.

Pathologic complete response prediction in breast cancer lesion segmentation and neoadjuvant therapy.

Objectives: Predicting whether axillary lymph nodes could achieve pathologic Complete Response (pCR) after breast cancer patients receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy helps make a quick follow-up treatment plan. This paper presents a novel method to achieve this prediction with the most effective medical imaging method, Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DCE-MRI).

Methods: In order to get an accurate prediction, we first proposed a two-step lesion segmentation method to extract the breast cancer lesion region from DCE-MRI images.

Comprehensive analysis of grazing intensity impacts alpine grasslands across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: A meta-analysis.

Livestock grazing is a dominant practice in alpine grasslands and plays a crucial role in the ecosystem service of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The effects of grazing on alpine grasslands highly depends on grazing intensity. Up to now, we still lack comprehensive understanding of the general responses of alpine grasslands to different grazing intensities over broad geographic scales across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Cu-mediated turn-on fluorescence biosensor based on DNA-templated silver nanoclusters for label-free and sensitive detection of adenosine triphosphate.

A Cu-mediated turn-on fluorescence biosensor based on the DNA-templated green-emitting silver nanoclusters (DNA@g-AgNCs) was developed for label-free and sensitive detection of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). Cu was able to quench the bright green fluorescence of DNA@g-AgNCs because of the coordination and photoinduced electron transfer between DNA@g-AgNCs and Cu. Therefore, a unique and effective fluorescence biosensor can be constructed with the formation of DNA@g-AgNCs/Cu/ATP ternary-competition system.

Divergent effects of moderate grazing duration on carbon sequestration between temperate and alpine grasslands in China.

Moderate grazing has been widely proven to improve ecosystem functioning and have profound effects on the carbon cycling and storage in grassland ecosystems, which highly depend on grazing duration and grassland type. However, the effects of moderate grazing durations on carbon sequestration with different grassland types over broad geographic scales across China remain underexplored in the context of striving for carbon neutrality. Here, we explored the probably different responses of carbon sequestration to moderate grazing duration for temperate and alpine grasslands based on 129 published literatures regarding the China's grasslands.

Efficient Coagulation Removal of Fluoride Using Lanthanum Salts: Distribution and Chemical Behavior of Fluorine.

La-loaded absorbents have been widely reported for fluoride removal due to the strong affinity of La towards fluoride ion. Herein, chemical removal of fluoride from flue gas scrubbing wastewater using lanthanum salt is investigated. The retaining free F concentration, phase composition and morphology of filtration residues, and the distribution of fluorine have been investigated using ion-selective electrode, analytical balance, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffractor.

Carbohydrate-substituted N-heterocyclic carbenes Palladium complexes: High efficiency catalysts for aqueous Suzuki-Miyaura reaction.

Metal complexes that contain carbohydrate-substituent (Carb-) N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) ligand have demonstrated great success as catalysts for organic synthesis reactions. In this study, four new Carb-NHC-Pd complexes 2a-d were prepared and their catalytic activities for Suzuki-Miyaura reaction were evaluated. The Carb-NHC-Pd complex behaved as a general surfactant which leads to the formation of a temporary oil-in-water contact interface, thereby promoting the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction.

Compatibility of Photoluminescence Properties in ScPO₄:Eu, Tb Phosphor for White Light Emitting Diodes.

ScPO₄:Eu, Tb phosphors with tuned emission color were prepared through high temperature solid-state reaction. The structure, morphology and photoluminescence properties of the title samples were collected by XRD, SEM and fluorescence spectrophotometer, respectively. Co-doping Eu and Tb in ScPO₄ does not change the body-centered tetragonal structure of the host.

On-Surface Self-Assembled Structural Transformation Induced by Schiff Base Reaction and Hydrogen bonds.

By utilizing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), the self-assembled nanostructures of three characteristic aldehydes have been examined at the solution-solid interface. By introducing the active reactant 5-aminoisophthalic acid (5-AIPA), we succeeded in changing the self-assembled molecular structures through the condensation reaction and obtained the information on structural transformation in real time. The corresponding carboxyl conjugated derivatives were formed in situ and developed into the closely packed and ordered molecular architectures via hydrogen bonds at the solution-solid surface.

Study on Extraction Separation of Thioarsenite Acid in Alkaline Solution by -Type Tri-n-Octylmethyl-Ammonium Chloride.

To overcome the problem of arsenic separation and enrichment from an alkaline leaching solution in arsenic-containing dust, a -type tri-n-octylmethyl-ammonium chloride (TOMAC) method for extracting thioarsenite is proposed in this paper. Considering an alkaline leaching solution as the research object, after vulcanization pretreatment, TOMAC transformation and organic phase saturated extraction capacity were measured, and the extraction mechanism was preliminarily studied. First, Cl-type quaternary ammonium salt was effectively transformed to -type by treating organic phase with saturated NaHCO times.

Solvent-Dependent Self-Assemblies and Pyridine Modulation of a Porphyrin Molecule at Liquid/Solid Interfaces.

On the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface, a new porphyrin molecule - containing a porphine core with six alkyl chains and two carboxyl groups has been explored using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) technology. Solvent and pyridine regulation have been proved to be two effective ways to control and tune the supramolecular structure of - at interfaces. Different high-resolution STM (HR-STM) images with highly ordered and closely packed arrangements were gained at the corresponding liquid-solid interface, including phenyl octane (PO), 1-heptanoic acid (HA), and 1-hexanol.

Solvent-Dependent Core-Modified Rubyrin Self-Assembly at Liquid/Solid Interfaces.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was utilized to disclose four novel core-modified rubyrin self-assembly behaviors on the highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface, of which NS-OR(1)/NSe-OR(2) had no phenanthrene pyrrole ring and NS-OR(3)/NSe-OR(4) had phenanthrene-fused pyrrole rings and meso-aryl substituents. It was discovered that the core-modified rubyrin could self-assemble into either face-on or edge-on monolayer structures selectively at the liquid/HOPG interface in different solvents. There was an obvious solvent-dependent self-assembly for NS-OR(3)/NSe-OR(4), which adopted an edge-on and face-on structure in 1-phenyloctane and 1-heptanoic acid solvents, respectively, whereas NS-OR(1)/NSe-OR(2) showed no obvious difference in the assembly structure, which both adopted a face-on structure in the two solvents.

Dynamic surface-assisted assembly behaviours mediated by external stimuli.

Supramolecular self-assembly behaviors on solid substrates have been widely investigated in the last few decades. Owing to the complexity of interfacial assembly systems, the precise regulation of supramolecular nanostructures is still challenging and waits to be solved. The supramolecular nanostructures are governed by non-covalent bonds, so they can be disrupted and influenced by an external environment.

Surface Separation and in Situ Structural Regulation of Photosensitive Oligomer in a Flexible Template.

Surface-selective adsorption and separation are very important for the application of surface functional materials. In this study, a photosensitive diazo-macrocycle has been synthesized by the solvent method with a very low yield, which can adsorb onto the substrate surface modified with a template molecule. By using this flexible template on the graphite surface, a simple separation strategy for the macrocyclic molecule with specific shape and size from reaction mixtures was developed.