Tetramethylpyrazine promotes osteo-angiogenesis during bone fracture repair.

Background: Nonunion following a long bone fracture has gained a lot of attention due to the dreadful impact on the life quality of tremendous patients. Recent data have demonstrated the important involvement of angiogenesis in improving fracture healing. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is an active component of Chinese herbal medicine with various biological activities including pro-angiogenesis property.