Skin-Interfaced Wearable Sensor for Long-Term Reliable Monitoring of Uric Acid and pH in Sweat.

Wearable sweat sensors offering real-time monitoring of biomarker levels suffer from stability and accuracy issues, primarily due to low biomarker concentrations, fluctuating sweat pH, and material detachment from sensor deformation. Here, we developed a wearable sensing system integrated with two advanced electrodes and a flexible microchannel for long-term reliable monitoring of sweat pH and uric acid (UA). By printing the ink doped with nanomaterials (CoO@CuCoO and polyaniline), we achieved highly stable electrodes for the direct analysis of perspiration, without additional surface modification.

Multi-channel spatio-temporal graph attention contrastive network for brain disease diagnosis.

Dynamic brain networks (DBNs) can capture the intricate connections and temporal evolution among brain regions, becoming increasingly crucial in the diagnosis of neurological disorders. However, most existing researches tend to focus on isolated brain network sequence segmented by sliding windows, and they are difficult to effectively uncover the higher-order spatio-temporal topological pattern in DBNs. Meantime, it remains a challenge to utilize the structure connectivity prior in the DBNs analysis.

Ultrabright aggregation-induced materials for the highly sensitive detection of Ag and T-2 toxin.

Heavy metals and mycotoxins are important contaminants in food pollution. Sensitive, reliable, and rapid detection of heavy metals and mycotoxins is crucial for human health. In this work, imidazole-functionalized aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecule tetra-(4-pyridylphenyl) ethylene (TPPE) was used as a precise and specific probe for Ag detection, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.

Comparison of data augmentation and classification algorithms based on plastic spectroscopy.

Plastic waste management is one of the key issues in global environmental protection. Integrating spectroscopy acquisition devices with deep learning algorithms has emerged as an effective method for rapid plastic classification. However, the challenges in collecting plastic samples and spectroscopy data have resulted in a limited number of data samples and an incomplete comparison of relevant classification algorithms.

Metallic PtC monolayer as a promising hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst.

Reasonable design of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts with low Pt loading and excellent catalytic performance is a key challenge in finding efficient and cost attractive catalysts. Pt with its unique d-electrons provides new opportunities for the development of HER catalysts when it forms compounds with highly earth-abundant C. Herein, we focused on designing highly efficient catalysts composed of Pt and C elements using first-principles structure search simulations, identifying four stability PtC monolayers.

Bilayer Mn-based Prussian blue cathode with high redox activity for boosting stable cycling in aqueous sodium-ion half/full batteries.

The Mn-based Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) have garnered significant attention due to their high specific capacity, stemming from the unique multi-electron reactions with Na. However, the structural instability caused by multi-ion insertion impacts the cycle life, thus limiting their further application in aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs). To address this issue, this work employed an in situ epitaxial solvent deposition method to homogeneously grow Ni hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) on the surface of MnPBA, which can effectively overcome the de-intercalation instability.

Open frameworks in the NaMn(PO)F fluoro-pyrophosphates system.

Three new sodium manganese fluoro-pyrophosphate compounds, namely, NaMn(PO)F (I), NaMn(PO)F (II), and NaMn(PO)F (III), have been synthesized by heating a mixture of NaPF, NaPOF or NaHPO with different Mn sources in NaNO and KNO fluxes. The structures of the title compounds were characterized single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). II is characteristic of a shell of Na ions that encloses one [Mn(PO)F] unit, whereas I and III reveal three-dimensional (3D) frameworks that consist of MnO, Mn/NaOF octahedra or MnO octahedra and distorted MnO square pyramids with PO units, where Na cations reside in different-membered ring one-dimensional (1D) tunnels.

Chemerin loss-of-function attenuates glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in exercised obese mice.

Aims: To investigate the role of chemerin reduction in mediating exercise-induced Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and the amelioration of pancreatic β-cell function in obesity.

Materials And Methods: Obesity models were established using wild-type and chemerin systemic knockout mice, followed by 8 weeks of moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise training. Serum chemerin levels, GLP-1 synthesis, glucose tolerance, pancreatic β-cell function, structure, and apoptosis were assessed.

Identification and subcellular localization of the chaperonin NbCCTβ in Nosema bombycis.

Nosema bombycis, the causative agent of pebrine disease, poses a significant threat to the silkworm industry due to its negative impact on silkworm health and productivity. The chaperonin-containing tailless complex polypeptide (CCT) plays a crucial role in protein folding, and its β subunit (CCTβ) is essential for the proper folding of cytoskeletal proteins, such as actin and tubulin. In this study, we cloned and expressed the NbCCTβ gene from N.

The integration of optimizing train timetables with EMU route plans.

Generally, to address the resource management issues in high-speed railway operations, particularly in the context of large-scale networked high-speed train transportation organizations, a phased optimization approach is introduced. This approach divides the problem into two stages: the high-speed train timetabling and the planning of Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) route. The lack of direct integration between these stages has hindered the flexible and efficient utilization of line capacity and EMU resources based on large-scale network, limiting the potential for mutual compensation and coordination among different types of resources across different regions.

Study on Few-Shot Fault Diagnosis Method for Marine Fuel Systems Based on DT-SViT-KNN.

The fuel system serves as the core component of marine diesel engines, and timely and effective fault diagnosis is the prerequisite for the safe navigation of ships. To address the challenge of current data-driven fault-diagnosis-based methods, which have difficulty in feature extraction and low accuracy under small samples, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method based on digital twin (DT), Siamese Vision Transformer (SViT), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). Firstly, a diesel engine DT model is constructed by integrating the mathematical, mechanism, and three-dimensional physical models of the Medium-speed diesel engines of 6L21/31 Marine, completing the mapping from physical entity to virtual entity.

V6 encoded by mulberry crinkle leaf virus is important for viral DNA replication.

Mulberry crinkle leaf virus (MCLV) is a representative species of the genus Mulcrilevirus in the family Geminiviridae. Here, we identified an additional V6 ORF which embedded within the V4 ORF in the MCLV virion-sense strand. The expression of V6 was confirmed by analyzing the promoter activity of V6 ORF upstream sequences and quantifying the viral DNA accumulation in V6-mutant MCLV-infected tomato plants.

Growth of MoS Nanosheets on Brush-Shaped PI-ZnO Hybrid Nanofibers and Study of the Photocatalytic Performance.

The design and preparation of advanced hybrid nanofibers with controllable microstructures will be interesting because of their potential high-efficiency applications in the environmental and energy domains. In this paper, a simple and efficient strategy was developed for preparing hybrid nanofibers of zinc oxide-molybdenum disulfide (ZnO-MoS) grown on polyimide (PI) nanofibers by combining electrospinning, a high-pressure hydrothermal process, and in situ growth. Unlike simple composite nanoparticles, the structure is shown in PI-ZnO to be like the skeleton of a tree for the growth of MoS "leaves" as macro-materials with controlled microstructures.

A ladder-type organic molecule with pseudocapacitive properties enabling superior electrochemical desalination.

The availability of clean water is fundamental for maintaining sustainable environments and human ecosystems. Capacitive deionization offers a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient solution to meet the rising demand for clean water. Electrode materials based on pseudocapacitive adsorption have attracted significant attention in capacitive deionization due to their relatively high desalination capacity.

An Improved Global and Local Fusion Path-Planning Algorithm for Mobile Robots.

Path planning is a core technology for mobile robots. However, existing state-of-the-art methods suffer from issues such as excessive path redundancy, too many turning points, and poor environmental adaptability. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel global and local fusion path-planning algorithm.

Simultaneous Down-Regulation of Dominant Cinnamoyl CoA Reductase and Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase Dramatically Altered Lignin Content in Mulberry.

Mulberry ( L.) is a significant economic tree species in China. The lignin component serves as a critical limiting factor that impacts both the forage quality and the conversion efficiency of mulberry biomass into biofuel.

Biological Characteristics and Fungicide Screening of Causing Mulberry Anthracnose.

Mulberry is an important economic crop in China that is widely planted and has important edible and medicinal value. Anthracnose, a critical leaf disease, severely compromises the yield and quality of mulberry trees. However, there are many kinds of pathogens causing mulberry anthracnose and it is difficult to control.

Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia with Electrospun Hierarchical Carbon Nanofiber/TiO@CoS Heterostructures.

As a sustainable alternative technology to the cost- and energy-intensive Haber-Bosch method, electrochemical nitrogen (N) reduction offers direct conversion of N to NH under ambient conditions. Direct use of noble metals or non-noble metals as electrocatalytic materials results in unsatisfactory electrocatalytic properties because of their low electrical conductivity and stability. Herein, three-dimensional flexible carbon nanofiber (CNF/TiO@CoS) nanostructures were prepared on the surface of CNF by using electrospinning, a hydrothermal method, and in situ growth.

Synthesis and Phase Evolution of a Nanocrystalline FeCrNiAl (x = 1.0, 0.5, 0.25) High-Entropy Alloys by Mechanical Alloying.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) with ultrafine grained and high strength can be prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) followed by sintering. Therefore, MA, as a unique solid powder processing method, has many effects on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the sintered bulk HEAs. This work focused on the alloying behavior, morphology, and phase evolution of FeCrNiAl (x = 1.

Changes to Pork Bacterial Counts and Composition After Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Treatment and Storage in Modified-Atmosphere Packaging.

The aim of this study was to compare the succession of natural microbiota in pork held under refrigerated storage for up to 10 days after dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment. Two methods were used to assess the impact of DBD on microorganisms. Firstly, traditional selective media (SM) were employed to detect the bactericidal effects of DBD on spp.

Exploration of Key Regulatory Factors in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Continuous Osteogenic Differentiation via Transcriptomic Analysis.

Background/objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the remarkable ability to differentiate into various cell types, including osteoblasts. Understanding the molecular mechanisms governing MSC osteogenic differentiation is crucial for advancing clinical applications and our comprehension of complex disease processes. However, the key biological molecules regulating this process remain incompletely understood.

The Gene in Silkworm Black Pupae Significantly Affects 30 K Proteins During the Pupal Stage.

: The body color and patterns of insects play important roles in foraging, evading predators, mating, thermoregulation, and environmental adaptation. During the rearing of the QiufengN silkworm strain, a mutant with black pupal cuticle (QiufengNBP) was discovered. Preliminary map-based cloning and sequence analysis indicated that the gene might significantly influence the formation of the black pupa mutant and the expression of 30K proteins.

The Chicken Promoter and Its Regulation by MYC and HIF1A.

Background: Histone deacetylase 4 () is a member of the class II histone deacetylase family, whose members play a crucial role in various biological processes. An in-depth investigation of the transcriptional characteristics of chicken can provide fundamental insights into its function.

Methods: We examined expression in chicken embryonic stem cells (ESC) and spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) and cloned a 444 bp fragment from upstream of the chicken transcription start site.

Robust Model-Free Identification of the Causal Networks Underlying Complex Nonlinear Systems.

Inferring causal networks from noisy observations is of vital importance in various fields. Due to the complexity of system modeling, the way in which universal and feasible inference algorithms are studied is a key challenge for network reconstruction. In this study, without any assumptions, we develop a novel model-free framework to uncover only the direct relationships in networked systems from observations of their nonlinear dynamics.