[Multi-omics genetic association analysis identifies susceptibility risk gene of acute viral respiratory infections in multi-ancestry populations and screening of potential traditional Chinese medicines].

The investigation of new strategies to prevent acute viral respiratory infections(ARI) is essential for reducing the global disease burden. Genetic association studies are valuable in identifying the susceptibility risk factors for diseases, and genetic evidence can expedite drug approval. To date, few studies have been conducted to reveal the susceptibility risks of ARI and identify novel drug targets through multi-omics genetic association analysis.

Colon mucosal proteomics of ankylosing spondylitis versus gut inflammation.

Objective: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients often present with microscopic signs of gut inflammation. We used proteomic techniques to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the colon tissues of patients with AS and patients with gut inflammation, and then used investigated the influence of NMRAL1 protein on inflammatory cytokines to explore its potential role in the pathogenesis of AS and gut inflammation.

Methods: Colonic mucosal tissues were collected from four different groups: healthy individuals (group A), patients with gut inflammation only (group B), patients with AS only (group C), and patients with AS combined with gut inflammation (group D).

Camrelizumab vs Placebo in Combination With Chemotherapy as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Patients With Early or Locally Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: The CamRelief Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Preferred neoadjuvant strategies for early or locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer include a 4-drug chemotherapy regimen containing anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide, taxanes, and platinum. Blockade of the programmed death receptor 1/ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway may improve efficacy of classic neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Camrelizumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, has showed antitumor activity in advanced triple-negative breast cancer.

A nomogram to predict the risk of insulin resistance in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is considered a major driver of the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), mediating the progression of hyperandrogenism and metabolic and reproductive dysfunction in patients with PCOS. Early detection of the risk of concurrent IR is essential for women with PCOS. To address this need, this study developed a predictive nomogram for assessing the risk of IR in women with PCOS, aiming to provide a tool for risk stratification and assist in clinical decision-making.

Investigating the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of Zuojin Pill in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Zuojin Pill (ZJP), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, is widely recognized for its diverse pharmacological properties in the management of gastrointestinal disorders. However, the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remain inadequately understood.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of ZJP in GERD and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.

Meta-analysis of the effect of sophora flavescens on tumor metastasis-induced bone neuropathic pain.

Background: Tumor metastasis to bone is a critical and painful stage in cancer progression, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Traditional treatments for bone neuropathic pain often exhibit limited efficacy and undesirable side effects. Sophora flavescens, an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine, has shown potential analgesic and anti-cancer properties, but the existing evidence is fragmented and inconsistent.

Mechanistic study of the regulation of mitochondrial function by the GPNMB/Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway mediated by Quzhi Tang to alleviate chondrocyte senescence.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Quzhi Tang (QZT) is a compound formula consisting of six traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. It has achieved good clinical results in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and the potential drug mechanisms involved are worth exploring in depth.

Materials And Methods: Using single-cell transcriptome analysis, this study identified the key target of senescence, GPNMB.

Xibining inhibition of the PI3K-AKT pathway reduces M1 macrophage polarization to ameliorate KOA synovial inflammation and nociceptive sensitization.

Background: Pain is the most critical symptom of knee osteoarthritis(KOA), which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Xibining (XBN), a traditional herbal compound, has achieved good results in the clinical treatment of KOA, and its mechanism of action is worth exploring in depth.

Objective: In vivo and in vitro models of KOA were constructed, and the potential drug action mechanism of XBN in improving osteoarthritis pain was explored in combination with transcriptomics.

Pro-inflammatory diet and risk of prostate diseases, lower urinary tract symptoms: A cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003 to 2008.

Evidence suggests a strong association between prostate diseases, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and pro-inflammatory diets. Our study was conducted to assess the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and prostate diseases, LUTS using the 2003 to 2008 U.S.

Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Nonacute Subdural Hematoma.

Background: The effect of embolization of the middle meningeal artery in patients with subacute or chronic subdural hematoma is uncertain.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial in China, involving patients with symptomatic nonacute subdural hematoma with mass effect. Patients were assigned to undergo burr-hole drainage or receive nonsurgical treatment at the surgeon's discretion, and patients in each group were then randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo middle meningeal artery embolization with liquid embolic material or to receive usual care.

Urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis with squamous and sarcomatoid differentiation complicated by hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis: a case report and literature review.

Background: Renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma with multiple histological variants co-occurs with hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis extremely rarely. The diagnosis of renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma can be complicated by these conditions, leading to delayed or missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis.

Case Presentation: We report the evolutionary course of a rare case of renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma containing squamous and sarcomatoid differentiation associated with hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis in a low-functioning kidney.

Triglyceride-lowering therapies in hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis in China: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: No specific triglyceride-lowering therapy is recommended in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP), primarily because of the lack of quality evidence. This study aimed to describe practice variations in triglyceride-lowering therapies for early HTG-AP patients and assess whether more rapid triglyceride decline is associated with improving organ failure.

Methods: This is a multicentre, prospective cohort study recruiting HTG-AP patients with elevated plasma triglyceride (> 11.

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Duodenum: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Duodenal squamous cell carcinoma is an exceedingly rare occurrence among gastrointestinal malignancies, and its diagnosis and treatment are not well understood.

Case Presentation: In this report, we present a case of duodenal squamous cell carcinoma with liver and adrenal metastasis. The patient was treated with gemcitabine and S-1, achieving a progression-free survival of 7 months and an overall survival of 9 months.

The development and validation of a prognostic prediction modeling study in acute myocardial infarction patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: hemorrhea and major cardiovascular adverse events.

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the most important diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in cardiology. At present, the traditional prediction models for postoperative events after PCI are ineffective, but machine learning has great potential in identification and prediction of risk. Machine learning can reduce overfitting through regularization techniques, cross-validation and ensemble learning, making the model more accurate in predicting large amounts of complex unknown data.

Developing diagnostic biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease based on histone lactylation-related gene.

Background: Research underscores the significant influence of histone lactylation pathways in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), though the molecular mechanisms associated with histone lactylation-related genes (HLRGs) in AD are still insufficiently investigated.

Methods: This study employed datasets GSE85426 and GSE97760 to identify candidate genes by intersecting weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) module genes with AD-control differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, machine learning refined key genes, validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve performance.

Fei Jin Sheng formula and its effectiveness in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer: An observational study.

Objective: This study involved evaluating the efficacy of the Feijinsheng formula in the therapeutic management of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We extracted the medical records of patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing treatment in the oncology department at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University from the medical record system. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, clinical data of 150 patients were collected.

Asiaticoside inhibits breast cancer progression and tumor angiogenesis via YAP1/VEGFA signal pathway.

Objective: Breast cancer poses a major health risk to millions of females globally. Asiaticoside (AC) is a naturally occurring compound derived from , a widely used medicinal plant in the oriental countries and has potential antitumor properties. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of synthesized AC at the cellular level and assess its ability to inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis in breast cancer.

A mathematical multiple-dimensional strategy for Q-markers identification based on "five principles": Tianshu Capsule for migraine treatment as an example.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Quality control is a critical element for Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Due to the varied chemical components, mechanisms of action, and pharmacological functions in TCM, ensuring quality is more challenging compared to chemical drugs. Then, the concept of quality markers (Q-markers) was proposed and ideal Q-markers for TCM prescriptions need to compliant with "five principles", including pharmacological effectiveness, specificity, transfer and traceability, measurability, and prescription compatibility.

[Causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and sepsis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization].

Objective: To explore the causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and sepsis based on the bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.

Methods: The genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset were selected to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with thyroid dysfunction as instrumental variable (IV) for genetic variation, using hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism as exposure factor and sepsis as outcome factor. Potential causal relationship between thyroid dysfunction and sepsis was analyzed using a bidirectional two-sample MR method primary analysis method of inverse-variance weighted (IVW).

The role of mitochondrial fusion and fission in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that maintain their homeostasis through mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial fusion and fission are two important processes of mitochondrial dynamics. There is accumulating evidence that mitochondrial fusion and fission play an important role in the development of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.