Childhood and Adolescent Overweight/Obesity Prevalence Trends in Jiangsu, China, 2017-2021: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.

Objectives: To investigate temporal trends in childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity in Jiangsu Province, China, evaluating the effects of age, period, and birth cohort.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Sample: Participants were 210,168 students aged 6-17 years from the five waves of the consecutive cross-sectional Jiangsu provincial surveillance project in 2017-2021.

Comparison of models to predict incident chronic liver disease: a systematic review and external validation in Chinese adults.

Background: Risk prediction models can identify individuals at high risk of chronic liver disease (CLD), but there is limited evidence on the performance of various models in diverse populations. We aimed to systematically review CLD prediction models, meta-analyze their performance, and externally validate them in 0.5 million Chinese adults in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB).

Accuracy of ESAT6-CFP10 skin test compared with tuberculin skin test in a healthy population: a randomized, blind, parallel controlled phase III clinical study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ESAT6-CFP10 (EC) skin test in healthy population and determine the factors influencing the booster effect.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, parallel controlled trial in healthy population. The experiment was divided into two stages.

A prediction approach to COVID-19 time series with LSTM integrated attention mechanism and transfer learning.

Background: The prediction of coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) in broader regions has been widely researched, but for specific areas such as urban areas the predictive models were rarely studied. It may be inaccurate to apply predictive models from a broad region directly to a small area. This paper builds a prediction approach for small size COVID-19 time series in a city.

Study protocol: A national cross-sectional study on psychology and behavior investigation of Chinese residents in 2023.

Introduction: This study protocol specifies the primary research line and theoretical framework of the 2023 Survey of the Psychology and Behavior of the Chinese Population. It aims to establish a consistent database of Chinese residents' psychological and behavioral surveys through multi-center and large-sample cross-sectional surveys to provide robust data support for developing research in related fields. It will track the public's physical and psychological health more comprehensively and systematically.

Revisiting astrocytic calcium signaling in the brain.

Astrocytes, characterized by complex spongiform morphology, participate in various physiological processes, and abnormal changes in their calcium (Ca) signaling are implicated in central nervous system disorders. However, medications targeting the control of Ca have fallen short of the anticipated therapeutic outcomes in clinical applications. This underscores the fact that our comprehension of this intricate regulation of calcium ions remains considerably incomplete.

Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promote healing of complex perianal fistulas in rats.

Background: Complex perianal fistulas, challenging to treat and prone to recurrence, often require surgical intervention that may cause fecal incontinence and lower quality of life due to large surgical wounds and potential sphincter damage. Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) and their exosomes (hUCMSCs-Exo) may promote wound healing.

Methods: This study assessed the efficacy, mechanisms, and safety of these exosomes in treating complex perianal fistulas in SD rats.

Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi disturbs autophagy to increase intracellular survival in macrophages.

The autophagy pathway plays a crucial role in resistance to bacterial infection in the host. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), a human restricted pathogen, causes a systemic infection known as typhoid fever.

Trends in the epidemiology of anxiety disorders from 1990 to 2021: A global, regional, and national analysis with a focus on the sociodemographic index.

Background: Anxiety disorders are widespread across the world. Understanding the global burden of anxiety disorders in the past and future can provide important references for optimizing prevention and control strategies in healthcare systems.

Methods: The estimation of anxiety disorders in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 using systematic review was conducted to describe incidence, prevalence and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021.

In vivo self-assembled siRNAs within small extracellular vesicles attenuate LRRK2-induced neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease models.

Rationale: Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene play an important role in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis, and downregulation of LRRK2 has become a promising therapy for PD. Here, we developed a synthetic biology strategy for the self-assembly and delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of LRRK2 into the substantia nigra via small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) using a genetic circuit (in the form of naked DNA plasmid) to attenuate PD-like phenotypes in mouse model.

Methods: We generated the genetic circuit encoding both a neuron-targeting rabies virus glycoprotein (RVG) tag and a LRRK2 siRNA under the control of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, and assessed its therapeutic effects using LRRK2 mouse models of PD.

Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.

This study aimed to comprehensively examine the association of gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to estimate the observational associations of gallstones and cholecystectomy with cancer risk, using data from a nationwide cohort involving 239 799 participants. General and gender-specific two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was further conducted to assess the causalities of the observed associations.

[Fat and fatty acid content in freshwater and saltwater fish in 4 provinces].

Objective: To explore the differences in fat and fatty acids content between freshwater and saltwater fish.

Methods: The fat and fatty acids content in 83 fish meat samples from four regions(Hainan, Jiangsu, Fujian, and Guangxi) were detected by national standard method. Mann-Whitney U tests and t-tests were used to compare the differences in fat and major fatty acid content between freshwater and saltwater fish.

HOTTIP rs1859168 C > A polymorphism reduces neuroblastoma susceptibility in Chinese children.

Unlabelled: Neuroblastoma, " a malignancy originating from neural crest cells, is most commonly diagnosed in children and adolescents. Polymorphisms within the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA (HOTTIP) are believed to have the capacity to alter an individual's susceptibility to various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the link between HOTTIP gene polymorphisms and neuroblastoma susceptibility.

Indicator-based tuberculosis infection control assessments with knowledge, attitudes, and practices evaluations among health facilities in China, 2017-2019.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) Building and Strengthening Infection Control Strategies (TB BASICS) aimed to achieve improvements in TB infection prevention and control (IPC) through structured training and mentorship.

Methods: TB BASICS was implemented in six Chinese provinces from 2017-2019. Standardized, facility-based risk assessments tailored to inpatient, laboratory, and outpatient departments were conducted quarterly for 18 months.

STEAP3-SLC39A8-mediated microglia ferroptosis involved in neurotoxicity in rats after exposure to lead and cadmium combined.

The exposure of humans and animals to environmental compounds is rarely restricted to a single chemical. Unfortunately, very few studies were conducted to determine cadmium and lead combined effect. The aim of this study was to clarify the neurotoxicity induced by combined exposure to lead and cadmium and its mechanism of action.

Association between microplastics and the functionalities of human gut microbiome.

As an integral part of humans, the gut microbiome plays a significant role in the physiological and pathological processes of the host, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is linked to various diseases. The impact of microplastics on the diversity and composition of human gut microbiome has been reported previously. However, effects of microplastics on the functionality of the gut microbiome in humans have not been well studied.

Effect of an Endoscopy Screening on Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Mortality: A Community-based Multicenter Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background And Aims: Population-based observational studies suggest that endoscopic screening may reduce upper gastrointestinal cancer mortality. We aimed to quantify the effect of endoscopy screening.

Methods: This is a community-based, multicenter, cluster randomized clinical trial conducted in both high-risk and non-high-risk areas of China.

Occupational health risk assessment and risk monetization based on xylene exposure.

The risk evaluation of occupational exposure to xylene was conducted to provide a basis for the formulation of policies on the prevention and control of occupational hazards of xylene and to fill the gap in this field. In this study, a number of xylene-related companies in seven industries from 2020 to 2023 were collected as research subjects, and the health risks caused by xylene exposure were evaluated using the EPA model designated by the U.S.

Characterization and Implications of the Regionally Prevalent ST8333 Strains of Serotype 4,[5],12:i: - China, 2017-2023.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: is a significant foodborne pathogen responsible for millions of infections and thousands of deaths worldwide each year. The increasing prevalence of the ST34 serotype 4,5,12:i:-(. 4,[5],12:i:-) poses a substantial public health threat in China.

Trends and projections of Hepatitis A incidence in eastern China from 2007 to 2021: an age-period-cohort analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the trends in Hepatitis A incidence associated with age, period, and birth cohorts from 2007 to 2021 in Jiangsu Province, China, and projects the future burden through 2031.

Methods: Data on Hepatitis A cases in Jiangsu Province from 2007 to 2021 were obtained from the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System. Joinpoint regression analysis identified significant changes in incidence trends.

Assessment of anti-MRSA activity of auranofin and florfenicol combination: a PK/PD analysis.

Aims: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important zoonotic pathogen with multidrug-resistant phenotypes increasingly prevalent in both human and veterinary clinics. This study evaluated the potential of auranofin (AF) as an antibiotic adjuvant to enhance the anti-MRSA activity of florfenicol (FFC) and established a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to compare the efficacy of FFC alone or in combination with AF against MRSA.

Methods And Results: We observed an increased susceptibility and significant synergistic effects of MRSA to FFC in the presence of AF.

Transformation behavior and toxicity assessment of beaytlmethodeyammonNium chbride (BAC-12) disinfectant during hospital wastewater treatment.

This work focused on the transformation behavior of the emerging beaytlmethodeyammonium chbride (BAC-12) disinfectant existed in the treatment of medical sewage during its disinfection treatment. The degradation ability of ozone (O) to BAC-12 was the best, followed by UV/NaOCl, UV, and NaOCl. The enhancement of BAC-12 in UV/NaOCl system is caused by the combined effect of UV photolysis, reactive chlorine species (RCS), and •OH.

The novel H10N3 avian influenza virus acquired airborne transmission among chickens: an increasing threat to public health.

Following two human infections with the H10N3 avian influenza virus (AIV) in 2021 and 2022, a third case was discovered in Yunnan, China, in 2024, raising concerns about the potential for future pandemics. Recent studies have indicated that novel H10N3 viruses are highly pathogenic in mice and can be transmitted between guinea pigs via respiratory droplets without prior adaptation. However, the biological characteristics of novel H10N3 in poultry have not been fully elucidated.

Global, regional and national disease burden of food-borne trematodiases: projections to 2030 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Food-borne trematodiases (FBTs), mainly encompassing clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, fasciolopsiasis, opisthorchiasis, and paragonimiasis, is a neglected public health problem, particularly in the WHO South-East Asia and the Western Pacific regions. This study evaluates the global, regional, and national disease burden of FBTs from 1990 to 2021 and projects trends to 2030, underscore the need for targeted prevention and control.

Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database, the crude and the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized prevalence disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) of FBTs at the global, regional and national level from 1990 to 2021 were described.

Addition of SHR-1701 to first-line capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) plus bevacizumab for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer.

This phase 2/3 trial (NCT04856787) assessed the efficacy and safety of SHR-1701, a bifunctional protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF-β, in combination with BP102 (a bevacizumab biosimilar) and XELOX (capecitabine plus oxaliplatin) as a first-line treatment for unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). In this phase 2 study, a total of 62 patients with untreated, histologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma and no prior systemic therapy for metastatic disease were enrolled. Patients received SHR-1701 (30 mg/kg), bevacizumab (7.