Baihu Jia Renshen Decoction may improve skeletal muscle and adipose tissue functions of type I diabetic rats by affecting pancreatic β-cell function.

Background: Baihu Jia Renshen Decoction (BJRD) is used for diabetes mellitus (DM) management in clinics.

Objective: To elucidate the potential mechanism of BJRD in treating type 1 DM (T1DM).

Methods: T1DM models were established via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ).

Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate atrophic gastritis in aging mice by participating in mitochondrial autophagy through Ndufs8 signaling.

Background: Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a chronic disease of the gastric mucosa characterized by a reduction or an absolute disappearance of the original gastric glands, possibly replaced by pseudopyloric fibrosis, intestinal metaplasia, or fibrosis. CAG develops progressively into intestinal epithelial metaplasia, dysplasia, and ultimately, gastric cancer. Epidemiological statistics have revealed a positive correlation between the incidence of CAG and age.

Association between triglyceride-glucose index and cardiovascular disease in US adults with chronic kidney disease: a population-based study.

Objectives: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, which is a valuable measure of insulin resistance, has been found to have predictive value for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, its relationship with CVD among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been thoroughly investigated. This study focused on examining the relationship of the TyG index and CVD among CKD patients in United States.

Survival analysis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on radiomics and deep learning features from CT images.

Purpose: To create a nomogram for accurate prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) based on computed tomography images.

Methods: Eight hundred twenty-two ccRCC patients with contrast-enhanced computed tomography images involved in this study were collected. A rectangular region of interest surrounding the tumor was used to extract quantitative radiomics and deep-learning features, which were filtered by Cox proportional hazard regression model and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator.

Associations of elevated cardiac biomarkers with hyperuricemia and mortality in US adults without prevalent cardiovascular disease.

Background: NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-troponin T), and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-troponin I) have been widely recognized as significant cardiac biomarkers, and are increasingly being recommended for early risk identification in cardiovascular high-risk populations. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of elevated cardiac biomarkers (NT-proBNP, hs-troponin T, hs-troponin I) and their association with the risk of hyperuricemia in the general US adults without known cardiovascular disease. We further studied whether elevated cardiac biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with or without hyperuricemia.

Integrated analysis of metabolome, lipidome, and gut microbiome reveals the immunomodulation of Astragali radix in healthy human subjects.

Background: As a typical medicinal food homology species, Chinese herbal medicine Astragali radix (AR) has been widely used to regulate the human immune system worldwide. However, the human immunomodulation of AR and its corresponding mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: First, following a fortnight successive AR administration, the changes in immune cytokines and immune cells from 20 healthy human subjects were used as immune indicators to characterize the immunomodulatory effects of AR.

Association between Life's Essential 8 and Diabetic Kidney Disease in patients with Diabetes mellitus: Evidence from NHANES 2005-2018.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is often connected with an elevated cardiovascular disease risk. A novel index, the Life's Essential 8 (LE8), was developed with the American Heart Association (AHA) to ascertain cardiovascular health. In people with diabetes mellitus (DM), we aimed to estimate if LE8 possessed a connection with DKD risk.

Identification of gastric cancer subtypes based on disulfidptosis-related genes: GPC3 as a novel biomarker for prognosis prediction.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer type. "Disulfidptosis," a distinct form of cell death, is initiated through aberrant intracellular disulfide metabolism. Here, we identified various GC subtypes based on disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) and constructed a risk score model to identify relevant genes to help predict patient prognosis and guide treatment.

Harnessing m1A modification: a new frontier in cancer immunotherapy.

N1-methyladenosine (m1A) modification is an epigenetic change that occurs on RNA molecules, regulated by a suite of enzymes including methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m1A-recognizing proteins (readers). This modification significantly impacts the function of RNA and various biological processes by affecting the structure, stability, translation, metabolism, and gene expression of RNA. Thereby, m1A modification is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of cancer.

Association between mitophagy and inflammasome in uric acid nephropathy.

Objective: This study was recruited to investigate the role of mitophagy in activating NLRP3 inflammasome in the kidney of uric acid (UA) nephropathy (UAN) rats.

Methods: This study developed a uric acid nephropathy (UAN) rat model divided into five groups: Negative control (NC), UAN model (M), UAN + autophagy inhibitor (3-MA), UAN + lysosome inhibitor (CQ), and ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine, N). H&E staining assessed renal structure, ROS levels were measured with 2, 7dichlorofluorescin diacetate, and ELISA measured serum markers (, , cystatin , , , ).

Three-dimensional computerized tomography reconstruction-based morphologic assessment of the coracoid process in an Asian population: Clinical implications for shoulder surgery.

Purpose: To assess coracoid process morphology in an Asian population using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) reconstruction and provide reference values for surgical treatment.

Methods: Data on demographic and shoulder CT characteristics were collected from 142 patients for 3D-CT-based scapular reconstruction. Ten coracoid morphological indicators and the glenoid width were measured.

Run-Mu-Ling Granules Mitigate Ocular Surface Inflammatory Injury Associated with Dry Eye by Suppressing the NLRP3/GSDMD-Mediated Pyroptosis Pathway.

Purpose: Run-Mu-Ling granules (RMLG), a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, are used to treat dry eye (DE); however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms by which RMLG alleviates ocular surface inflammation in DE.

Methods: We established an in-vivo DE rat model and in-vitro human corneal epithelial cell line (HCEC) injury models.

A rich component of Fructus Aurantii, meranzin hydrate, exerts antidepressant effects via suppressing caspase4 to regulate glial cell and neuronal functions in the hippocampus.

Fructus Aurantii, a Chinese herbal medicine, has been indicated to have antidepressant effects in our previous study. However, the main component and specific mechanisms of the antidepressant effects of Fructus Aurantii still need to be further revealed. This study aimed to explore the main antidepressant component of Fructus Aurantii and the underlying mechanisms of its antidepressant effects in the hippocampus.

Efferocytosis: the resolution of inflammation in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have surpassed cancer as significant global health challenges, which mainly include atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemia stroke. The inflammatory response immediately following these diseases profoundly impacts patient prognosis and recovery. Efficient resolution of inflammation is crucial not only for halting the inflammatory process but also for restoring tissue homeostasis.

The impact of Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index on the relationship between eczema and depression symptoms in US adults.

Aims: The study aims to explore the associations of eczema, Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI), with depression symptoms in adults based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database.

Methods: In total, 3,402 participant data were extracted from the NHANES 2005-2006. The relationship between eczema, CDAI, and depression symptoms was explored by utilizing weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression models, presenting as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Proposal for a new classification of anorectal abscesses based on clinical characteristics and postoperative recurrence.

Background: Current surgical procedures for anorectal abscesses, including incision and drainage alone or combined concurrent fistulotomy, remain controversial primarily due to the unpredictability of postoperative recurrence or the progression to anal fistula.

Aim: To evaluate factors that predict postoperative recurrence of anorectal abscesses and propose a new classification to guide surgical procedures.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 525 patients with anorectal abscesses treated by incision and drainage alone, at a tertiary general hospital from August 2012 to July 2022, were included.

Thymosin Alpha 1 Plus Routine Treatment for the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review was conducted to assess the curative effect of Thymosin alpha 1 in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients. Six electronic databases including EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Chinese Biomedical Database, and Wanfang Database were searched for eligible papers focusing on the thymosin alpha 1 treatment in AECOPD patients. The effectiveness outcomes included T cell subset, pulmonary function, arterial blood gases, and the length of hospital stay.

The impact of different treatments on thromboelastography and other conventional parameters in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective: To comprehend the effects of diverse therapeutic interventions on thromboelastography (TEG) and conventional coagulation parameters among individuals diagnosed with colorectal cancer, this study aims to explore the clinical relevance of both thromboelastography and conventional coagulation metrics in evaluating coagulation function and predicting the incidence of thrombotic and hemorrhagic events in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: A cohort of 122 patients with colorectal cancer retrospectively recruited and divided into 2 groups: those undergoing surgical intervention (operation group) and those not subjected to surgery (non-operation group). According to the different types of treatment they received, the operation group was divided into chemotherapy-only group and a group receiving a combination of targeted therapy and chemotherapy.

Broad range lipidomics and metabolomics coupled with 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal the mechanisms of Huangkui Capsule against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Huangkui Capsule (HKC) is a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation. Numerous clinical studies have reported that HKC has a good nephroprotection effect. The clinical application of cisplatin is greatly limited by its nephrotoxicity, and HKC shows promise in preventing cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN).

Fibrinogen, FDP and D-Dimer as Potential Biomarkers for Disease Severity in Ulcerative Colitis: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the large intestine. Coagulation abnormalities have been detected in UC patients. This study aimed to evaluate coagulation-related parameters in patients with UC.