The cooperative regulatory effect of the miRNA-130 family on milk fat metabolism in dairy cows.

Objective: There is a strong relationship between the content of beneficial fatty acids in milk and milk fat metabolic activity in the mammary gland. To improve milk quality, it is therefore necessary to study fatty acid metabolism in bovine mammary gland tissue. In adipose tissue, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), the core transcription factor, regulates the fatty acid metabolism gene network and determines fatty acid deposition.

Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals changes in A-Raf-related protein phosphorylation in response to Toxoplasma gondii infection in porcine macrophages.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes severe threats to humans and livestock. Macrophages are the cell type preferentially infected by T. gondii in vivo.

Occludin and collagen IV degradation mediated by the T9SS effector SspA contributes to blood-brain barrier damage in ducks during Riemerella anatipestifer infection.

Riemerella anatipestifer infection is characterized by meningitis with neurological symptoms in ducklings and has adversely affected the poultry industry. R. anatipestifer strains can invade the duck brain to cause meningitis and neurological symptoms, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown.

Keratin Formed Bioadhesive Ophthalmic Gel for the Bacterial Conjunctivitis Treatment.

Keratin has the potential to function as the gel matrix in an ophthalmic formulation for the encapsulation of the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin. The quality of this formulation was thoroughly evaluated through various analyses, such as in vitro release assessment, rheological examination, intraocular retention studies in rabbits, assessment of bacteriostatic efficacy, and safety evaluations. It is worth mentioning that the gel demonstrated shear thinning properties and exhibited characteristics of an elastic solid, thereby confirming its structural stability.

Exploration of the genetic influence of MYOT and MB genes on the plumage coloration of Muscovy ducks.

Plumage color, a pivotal attribute delineating diverse Muscovy duck strains, assumes considerable significance within the field of Muscovy duck breeding research. This study extends the existing research by delving into the hereditary aspects of genes associated with plumage coloration in Muscovy ducks. The principal objective is to discern marker genes conducive to targeted breeding strategies based on plumage color, thereby furnishing indispensable technical foundations for the development of novel Muscovy duck varieties.

Effects of puerarin as a feed additive on the laying performance, egg quality, endocrine hormones, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology of aged laying hens.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of puerarin (Pue), a phytoestrogen, on the production performance, egg quality, endocrine hormones, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal morphology in aged laying hens. A total of 180 Hy-Line Brown hens aged 480 d were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 45 per group) and fed 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg of Pue (Con, L-Pue, M-Pue, and H-Pue, respectively) during a 42-d experiment. Compared with the Con treatment, supplementation with H-Pue improved laying performance and egg quality by significantly increasing egg production, average egg weight, albumen height, yolk weight, and Haugh unit (P < 0.

Comparative analysis of antimicrobial resistance phenotype and genotype of Riemerella anatipestifer.

Riemerella anatipestifer is one of the important bacterial pathogens that threaten the waterfowl farming industry. In this study, 157 suspected R. anatipestifer strains were isolated from diseased ducks and geese from seven regions of China during 2019-2020, and identified using multiple polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

L-arginine attenuates Streptococcus uberis-induced inflammation by decreasing miR155 level.

L-arginine, as an essential substance of the immune system, plays a vital role in innate immunity. MiR155, a multi-functional microRNA, has gained importance as a regulator of homeostasis in immune cells. However, the immunoregulatory mechanism between L-arginine and miR155 in bacterial infections is unknown.

Mammary epithelial cell-derived exosomal miR-155-inhibitor played a key role in the treatment of mastitis via down-regulation of TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway to inhibit inflammatory response.

Mastitis is a common disorder in women capable of altering the normal physiological function of the mammary gland. It has been reported that mammary epithelial cells (MECs) could be involved in treating mastitis by regulating the inflammatory response and miR-155 might participate in this process. However, the effects of MECs-derived exosomal miR-155-inhibitor in treating mastitis and the regarding mechanism are still unknown.

Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing of Ovary Reveals the ceRNA Regulation Network in Egg Production of Gaoyou Duck.

To investigate the regulatory mechanism of the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) on the egg performance of Gaoyou ducks, full transcriptome sequencing was performed to analyze the ovarian tissues in Gaoyou ducks. The ducks were categorized into high- and low-yield groups based on the individual in-cage egg production records and the hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining results. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) were further processed by GO (gene ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analyses.

The fexA gene in Campylobacter: whether the spread has occurred among various hosts in eastern China.

Objectives: The emergence of the florfenicol resistance gene fexA in Campylobacter poses a serious threat to public health, but the extent of the spread of fexA in Campylobacter from various hosts has not been well understood. This study aimed to investigate the fexA in Campylobacter isolates from different hosts.

Methods: PCR was used to identify fexA-positive Campylobacter from different hosts during 2008-2019 in China, and the fexA-positive isolates were characterized by susceptibility tests, whole-genome sequencing, and natural transformation.

Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Differentially Expressed Genes in Skeletal Muscle Development in Native Chinese Ducks.

China boasts a rich diversity of indigenous duck species, some of which exhibit desirable economic traits. Here, we generated transcriptome sequencing datasets of breast muscle tissue samples from 1D of four groups: Pekin duck pure breeding group (P), Jinling White duck breeding group (J), P ♂ × J ♀ orthogonal group (PJ) and J ♂ × P ♀ reciprocal-cross group (JP) ( = 3), chosen based on the distinctive characteristics of duck muscle development during the embryonic period. We identified 5053 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the four groups.

Extracellular vesicle therapy for obesity-induced NAFLD: a comprehensive review of current evidence.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a chronic disease especially in Western countries, is still a tough question in the clinical therapy. With the rising prevalence of various chronic diseases, liver transplantation is expected to be the most common therapy after the next 10 years. However, there is still no approved drug for NAFLD, and targeted therapy for NAFLD is urgent.

Lnc-ANRIL modulates the immune response associated with NF-κB pathway in LPS-stimulated bovine mammary epithelial cells.

Background: The antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) has been confirmed related to multiple disease progression, but the role and exact mechanisms of lnc-ANRIL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) remain unclear.

Aims: This manuscript focused on expounding the functional role of lnc-ANRIL through experiments performed in MAC-T.

Methods: At the in vitro level, we established a Bovine mammary epithelial cell (BMEC) cell model of mastitis by LPS treatment.

Duck Tembusu virus infection activates the MKK3/6-p38 MAPK signaling pathway to promote virus replication.

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) infection poses a serious threat to ducks, chickens, and geese, causing a range of detrimental effects, including reduced egg production, growth retardation, and even death. These consequences lead to substantial economic losses for the Chinese poultry industry. Although it is established that various viral infections can trigger activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the precise role and mechanisms underlying p38 MAPK activation in DTMUV infection remain poorly understood.

Genome-wide selective signatures mining the candidate genes for egg laying in goose.

Background: Improving the egg production of goose is a crucial goal of breeding, because genetics is the key factor affecting egg production. Thus, we sequenced the genomes of 55 Chinese indigenous geese from six breeds, which were divided into the high egg-laying group (ZE, HY, and SC) and low egg-laying group (ZD, LH, and ST). Based on the results of the inter-population selection signal analysis, we mined the selected genome regions in the high egg-laying germplasm population to identify the key candidate genes affecting the egg-laying traits.

Veratramine inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus entry through macropinocytosis by suppressing PI3K/Akt pathway.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a contagious intestinal disease caused by α-coronavirus porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). At present, no effective vaccine is available to prevent the disease. Therefore, research for novel antivirals is important.

Rough-Type Mutant Induces Ferroptosis and More Oxidative Stress in Infected Macrophages.

is an intracellular parasitic bacterium that uses multiple strategies to evade the host's defense mechanisms. However, how manipulates the host-induced oxidative stress and relevant biological processes are still poorly understood. In this study, a comparative transcriptome assay of macrophages infected with S2308 and its rough mutant RB14 was performed to investigate the differentially expressed genes which might be associated with the pathogenic mechanism of .

Toxoplasma gondii infection regulates apoptosis of host cells via miR-185/ARAF axis.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis with a worldwide presence that is caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Active regulation of apoptosis is an important immune mechanism by which host cells resist the growth of T. gondii or avoid excessive pathological damage induced by this parasite.

Effect of hexavalent chromium on growth performance and metabolism in broiler chicken.

Hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) is one of the most hazardous heavy metals in the environment and is toxic to living organisms causing tissue damage, disruption of the intestinal microbiota and cancer. However, there is little information on the relationship between the Cr (VI) and broiler chickens. The current study was performed to investigate the effect of Cr (VI) on growth performance, serum biochemical analysis, histopathological observations, and metabolomics analysis in broilers.

Structural characterization and adjuvant action of flower polysaccharide on the immune responses to classical swine fever vaccine in mice.

flower polysaccharide (PTFP) from dried cultured flowers, is widely known for its immunomodulatory activities. Here, PTFP was extracted from flower using hot water extraction, followed by ethanol precipitation methods. Structural characterization of PTFP was revealed by scanning electron microscope, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, gel chromatography, ultraviolet and infrared spectral.