Standard: Human gastric organoids.

Organoid technology provides a transformative approach to understand human physiology and pathology, offering valuable insights for scientific research and therapeutic development. Human gastric organoids, in particular, have gained significant interest for applications in disease modeling, drug discovery, and studies of tissue regeneration and homeostasis. However, the lack of standardized quality control has limited their extensive clinical applications.

Causal Association between Arm Fat, Left Leg Fat, and Trunk Fat Masses and Risk of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Observational studies have reported that arm fat, left leg fat, and trunk fat masses have different effects on polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). However, the causal relationship between them remains unknown.

Materials And Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted by utilizing pooled data from the largest Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS).

LncRNA MANCR is downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer and predicts poor survival.

Background: It is known that genomic instability contributes to cancer development. Mitotically associated long non-coding RNA (MANCR) has been reported to promote genomic stability, suggesting its involvement in cancers. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the role of MANCR in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Rapamycin protects glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma model mice against trabecular meshwork fibrosis by suppressing mTORC1/2 signaling.

Systemic or local use of glucocorticoids (GCs) can induce pathological elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP), potentially leading to permanent visual loss. Previous studies have demonstrated that rapamycin (Rapa) inhibits the activation of retinal glial cells and the production of neuroinflammation, achieving neuroprotective goals. However, there has been little research on the effect of Rapa on the trabecular meshwork (TM).

43 G > T polymorphism in the sucrase-isomaltase gene in the Chinese population prevents the glucose-lowering effect of acarbose.

Background: Acarbose is an α-glucosidase inhibitor widely used clinically for its significant hypoglycemic effect, albeit with inter-individual variations in response. The sucrase-isomaltase (SI) enzyme is the primary target of acarbose. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic polymorphisms in the SI gene on the pharmacodynamics of acarbose.

Characterization and genomic insights into bacteriophages Kpph1 and Kpph9 against hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant .

The increasing incidence of infections attributed to hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant (Hv-CRKp) is of considerable concern. Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria; thus, phage-based therapies offer promising alternatives to antibiotic treatments targeting Hv-CRKp infections. In this study, two isolated bacteriophages, Kpph1 and Kpph9, were characterized for their specificity against the Hv-CRKp NUHL30457 strain that possesses a K2 capsule serotype.

Development and Validation of a Prognostic Molecular Phenotype and Clinical Characterization in Grade III Diffuse Gliomas Treatment with Radio-Chemotherapy.

Background: The relationship between molecular phenotype and prognosis in high-grade gliomas (WHO III and IV, HGG) treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not fully understood and needs further exploration.

Methods: The HGG patients following surgery and treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to assess the independent prognostic factors.

Intratumor microbiota and colorectal cancer: Comprehensive and lucid review.

As a key component of tumor microenvironment, the microbiota has gradually played a key role in cancer research. Particularly in colorectal cancer, the specific population of microbiota within the tumor shows a strong association with the tumor type. Although the existence and potential role of microbiota in tumors have been recognized, the specific associations between the microbiota and tumor tissue and the mechanism of action still need to be further explored.

Wnt3a Enhances Mesenchymal Stem Cell Engraftment and Differentiation in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Rat Model.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) therapy is a novel approach for treating COPD. However, the difficulty in engraftment and easy clearance of BMSCs in vivo has hindered their clinical application. Hence, exploring effective methods to improve the engraftment and differentiation rates of BMSCs in vivo is urgent.

Degraded products generated by iron stent inhibit the vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by downregulating AP-1.

In-stent restenosis (ISR) following interventional therapy is a fatal clinical complication. Current evidence indicates that neointimal hyperplasia driven by uncontrolled proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is a major cause of restenosis. This implies that inhibiting VSMC proliferation may be an attractive approach for preventing in-stent restenosis.

Sovleplenib in patients with primary or secondary warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: results from phase 2 of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2/3 study.

Background: Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitors are potential treatment options for warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. This study aimed to assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of sovleplenib-an oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor-in patients with warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in China. Here we report on the phase 2 results.

Association between four anthropometric indices with age-related Macular Degeneration from NHANES 2005-2008.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) decrease vision and presents considerable challenges for both public health and clinical management strategies. Obesity is usually implicated with increased AMD, and body mass index (BMI) does not reflect body fat distribution. An array of studies has indicated a robust relationship between body fat distribution and obesity.

The emerging landscape of small nucleolar RNA host gene 10 in cancer mechanistic insights and clinical relevance.

Small nucleolar RNA host gene 10 (SNHG10) is a newly recognized long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with significant implications in cancer biology. Abnormal expression of SNHG10 has been observed in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Research conducted in vivo and in vitro has revealed that SNHG10 plays a pivotal role in numerous biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration, drug resistance, energy metabolism, immune evasion, as well as tumor growth and metastasis.

SLC7A11 suppresses pyroptosis to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis development by modulating the IL-17 pathway.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. This study aims to explore the potential mechanisms by which solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) influences RA development.

Methods: Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were constructed to observe disease onset and pathological scores.

Self-assembled water soluble and bone-targeting phosphorylated quercetin ameliorates postmenopausal osteoporosis in ovariectomy mice.

Natural compounds have shown promising application prospects in preventing or treating various diseases, including osteoporosis on account of their abundant sources, low price, multi-targeting and multiple biological effects. As a bioactive natural product, quercetin (Que) has previously demonstrated to ameliorate osteoporosis (OP), however, its poor bioavailability resulting from low water solubility, poor stability and lack of bone-targeting largely restricted its efficacy and clinical applications. Inspired by the bone-targeting capability of phosphate compounds, we reported a one-step procedure for synthesis of phosphorylated Que (p-Que) by direct phosphorylating phenol groups of Que for the first time.

A 34-Year-Old Man With Fragile Vessels and Recurrent Hemoptysis.

A 34-year-old man who did not use tobacco complained of hemoptysis with a small volume, severe dry cough, and low-grade fever for 5 months. He denied dyspnea, chest pain, night sweats, or weight loss. Chest CT scanning showed nodules with a cavity in the lower left lung.

Decreased attenuation difference between non-contrast and portal-venous phases of CT predicts the ultrasonography-unspecified adnexal torsion.

Objectives: To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced CT in diagnosing ultrasonography-unspecified adnexal torsion (AT).

Methods: Surgically confirmed patients with painful pelvic masses (n = 165) were retrospectively collected from two institutes. Two senior radiologists independently reviewed the CT images and determined the Hounsfield unit difference between non-contrast vs portal venous phases (ΔHU) in both derivation and validation samples.

Dabie bandavirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae co-infection: a case report.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus (DBV). We report a case of DBV and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) co-infection.

Case Presentation: Here we reported a 57-year-old healthy male who was admitted with the presentations of fever, cough, hemoptysis, and hypotension.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for the removal of large gallbladder stones: a pilot study.

Background: Endoscopic gallbladder-preserving cholecystolithotomy (EGPC) has become an alternative option for treating cholecystolithiasis. However, developing a new method of EGPC in which the gallbladder wall is not damaged remains a challenge. This study introduced a new EGPC method called endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), which preserves the integrity of the gallbladder wall in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis complicated with choledocholithiasis.

Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity and Combined Machine Learning in Stroke.

Stroke is a condition characterized by damage to the cerebral vasculature from various causes, resulting in focal or widespread brain tissue damage. Prior neuroimaging research has demonstrated that individuals with stroke present structural and functional brain abnormalities, evident through disruptions in motor, cognitive, and other vital functions. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies on alterations in static and dynamic functional network connectivity in the brains of stroke patients.

Network pharmacology uncovers that secoisolariciresinol diglucoside ameliorate premature ovarian insufficiency via PI3K/Akt pathway.

As one of the essential lignan derivative found in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) was proved to promote women's health through its phytoestrogenic properties. Increasingly studies indicated that this compound could be a potential drug capable of preventing estrogen-related diseases. Here, we aimed to investigate whether SDG can counteract cyclophosphamide (CTX) induced premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and further explore its specific molecular mechanism.

Fibroblasts in heterotopic ossification: mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) refers to the abnormal formation of bone in non-skeletal tissues. Fibroblasts have traditionally been viewed as stationary cells primarily responsible for producing extracellular matrix during tissue repair and fibrosis. However, recent discoveries regarding their plasticity-encompassing roles in inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and osteogenesis-highlight their potential as key contributors to the development of HO.

Third generation vs first generation EGFR-TKIs in the first line treatment for EGFR-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

The prevailing belief is that third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (TGET) outperform first-generation EGFR-TKIs (FGET) in managing advanced-stage EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, this standpoint lacks substantiation in evidence-based medicine. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) of these two categories.