FXR-regulated COX6A2 triggers mitochondrial apoptosis of pancreatic β-cell in type 2 diabetes.

Pancreatic β-cell apoptosis plays a crucial role in the development of type 2 diabetes. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2 (COX6A2) and Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) have been identified in pancreatic β-cells, however, whether they are involved in β-cell apoptosis is unclear. Here, we sought to investigate the role of FXR-regulated COX6A2 in diabetic β-cell apoptosis.

Associations of risk factors and the number of risk factors with the classification, GMFCS level and comorbidities with cerebral palsy: a retrospective study.

Objective: The objective was to explore the characteristics of risk factors in children with cerebral palsy (CP), focusing on the effects of single risk factors and the number of risk factors on the classification, GMFCS level, and comorbidities of children with CP.

Methods: The medical records of children with CP hospitalized from 2015 to 2023 were reviewed. The effects of nine risk factors, such as hyperbilirubinemia, asphyxia, and HIE, on the classification, GMFCS level and comorbidities of children with CP were studied.

A Novel PVDF Ultrafiltration Membrane Modified by C(OH)-Ag.

Ultrafiltration membranes in the fields of water treatment and biomedicine should have high permeability as well as antibacterial and antifouling capabilities. In this study, based on the hydrophilicity of fullerol (C(OH)) and the bacteriostatic properties of silver (Ag), a fullerol-silver (C(OH)-Ag) complex was prepared as a multifunctional additive. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-composited C(OH)-Ag ultrafiltration membrane (C(OH)-Ag/PVDF) was prepared by immersion precipitation phase transformation.

Synergistic Therapy of Metastatic Breast Cancers by Biomimetic Chemotherapeutic Drug-Gene Nanoparticles.

Cancer metastasis is responsible for more than 90% of tumor-related deaths. Especially, metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is a common malignancy with a high mortality among women worldwide. It is urgent to develop effective drugs for the treatment of MBC.

Analysis the Burden of Breast Cancer Among Adolescents and Young Adults Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021.

Background: Unique features and worse outcomes have been reported for breast cancers among adolescents and young adults (AYAs; age 15-39 years). However, there are few up-to-date and comprehensive data to analyze the disease burden of AYA breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: The data of incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) owing to breast cancer was obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.

Neurotoxicity study of cenobamate-induced zebrafish early developmental stages.

Cenobamate (CNB) is a novel anti-seizure medication with significant efficacy in treating epilepsy. However, in clinical trials, the most common adverse reactions observed in patients are central nervous system (CNS) symptoms. In animal studies, administration of CNB during pregnancy or lactation has been associated with adverse effects on neurodevelopment in offspring.

Road surface semantic segmentation for autonomous driving.

Although semantic segmentation is widely employed in autonomous driving, its performance in segmenting road surfaces falls short in complex traffic environments. This study proposes a frequency-based semantic segmentation with a transformer (FSSFormer) based on the sensitivity of semantic segmentation to frequency information. Specifically, we propose a weight-sharing factorized attention to select important frequency features that can improve the segmentation performance of overlapping targets.

Differential impact of wildfire and rice straw ash on the skin microbiota of Rana dybowskii adults and tadpoles.

Global warming has intensified severe weather conditions and increased the frequency of wildfires, posing significant threats to ecosystems. Moreover, rice straw ash, a byproduct of human agricultural activities, represents an environmental stressor that can further impact these vulnerable ecosystems. These changes particularly impact sensitive species and microorganisms, yet limited research has explored the effects of wildfire ash and agricultural byproducts, such as rice straw ash, on amphibians.

Surface double defects-dominated TiO with high liquid phase stability for smart SERS sensing of dye additives in foods.

Surface defect engineering is an effective strategy to regulate the physical and chemical properties of semiconductors for a wide range of applications. Herein, a surface-highly-reduced anatase TiO (R-TiO) with double defects (surface oxygen vacancy defect and Ti energy level defect) was developed as a plasmon-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for ultrasensitive detection of food additives. Abundant surface oxygen vacancies enable R-TiO to exist stably in liquid phase, which realizes a smart SERS detection for dye target molecules due to evading fluorescent interference from analytes, while SERS enhancement of analytes cannot be observed on the solid phase substrate at all.

(001) facet-supported TiO facet heterojunction with abundant active sites and high-efficiency carrier separation for ultrasensitive SERS detection of antibiotic residues in foods.

Background: Antibiotic residues in animal-derived foods are seriously threatening human health and have attracted growing public attention. It is very important and valuable to carry out a rapid ultrasensitive detection of antibiotic residues, especially accurate identification based on molecular fingerprints.

Results: Here, a (001) facet-supported TiO facet heterojunction with abundant active sites (SF-TiO) was developed as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for ultrasensitive detection of antibiotic residues in milk and honey foods.

Corrigendum: Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment of diarrhea by regulating intestinal microbiota and its metabolites based on renal-intestinal axis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.

Synergistic toxicity of cadmium and triadimefon on the microbiota and health of Rana dybowskii tadpoles.

The skin and gut microbiota are crucial to amphibians. Triadimefon (TF), a widely used triazole fungicide, controls crop diseases and regulates growth, with uncertain effects on amphibian microbiota. Contamination, typically involving mixed chemicals at low concentrations, including cadmium (Cd) and TF, may detrimentally affect amphibian growth, survival, and microbiota health in both the skin and gut, but few research has examined these consequences.

Immunogenicity Assessment of a 14-Valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Candidate in Mice.

Background: Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most common cancer affecting women globally, with HPV as the primary etiology agent. Prophylactic HPV vaccines have substantially reduced the incidence of cervical cancer.

Methods: This study assessed the immunogenicity of SCT1000, a 14-valent recombinant virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine developed by Sinocelltech, Ltd.

Dual cross-linking with tannic acid and transglutaminase improves microcapsule stability and encapsulates lemon essential oil for food preservation.

The microencapsulation of essential oils by complex coacervation technology has attracted considerable attention. This paper deals with the preparation of gelatin-chitosan microcapsules through dual cross-linking using transglutaminase (TGase) and tannic acid (TA). Lemon essential oil (LEO) was successfully encapsulated with 82.

A novel g-CN/TiO heterojunction for ultrasensitive detection of bisphenol A residues.

Semiconductor heterojunction with functional integration can be used as an excellent matrix for the ultrasensitive detection of bisphenol A (BPA) with low molecular affinity. Here, a simple, low-cost and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) strategy using g-CN/TiO heterojunction as substrate was presented for detection of BPA residues in foods. The g-CN/TiO achieved specific chemisorption for target analyte by the formation of intermolecular H-bond between g-CN and BPA.

A single-center clinical trial evaluating topical propranolol for preventing stress-induced hair loss.

There is currently a lack of pathological research on the hair loss caused by stress, and there is no effective treatment available. It has been previously reported that stress can cause sympathetic nerve activation and release of norepinephrine, which binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors and causes a series of chemical reactions. Propranolol, as a beta-2 adrenergic receptors blocker, competitively antagonizes the effects of norepinephrine.

Accuracy of dental implant surgery with freehand, static computer-aided, dynamic computer-aided, and robotic computer-aided implant systems: An in vitro study.

Statement Of Problem: The static computer-aided implant system (S-CAIS), dynamic computer-aided implant system (D-CAIS), and robotic computer-aided implant system (R-CAIS) have been used to improve the accuracy of implant placement. However, the accuracy of freehand (FH),S-CAIS, D-CAIS, and R-CAIS implant placement has not been compared and verified under identical conditions.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of dental implant placement using S-CAIS, D-CAIS, R-CAIS, and FH techniques under identical conditions.

Evaluating the combined estrogenic effects of plant growth regulators electrochemical and E-Screen methods.

The study shows that plant growth regulators (PGRs) have estrogenic effects, which may disrupt the normal physiological functions of endogenous estrogen in organisms. This study used electrochemical methods to investigate the electrochemical behavior and estrogenic effects of PGRs gibberellic acid (GA), ethylene (ETH), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on estrogen-free human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) cells when exposed individually or in combination. The results indicate that GA, ETH, and NAA, whether used alone or in combination, exhibit estrogenic effects on MCF-7 cells.

Salidroside Ameliorates Neuroinflammation in Autistic Rats by Inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD Signal Pathway.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that place a huge economic and emotional burden on society. Salidroside (Sal) has been reported to have therapeutic effects in a variety of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease （AD） and Parkinson's disease (PD), however no studies have been conducted to show whether salidroside is effective in ASD. Pyroptosis is involved in the pathology of a variety of neurological disorders, but has not been reported in ASD.