CircUCK2(2,3) promotes cancer progression and enhances synergistic cytotoxicity of lenvatinib with EGFR inhibitors via activating CNIH4-TGFα-EGFR signaling.

Background: Circular (circ)RNAs have emerged as crucial contributors to cancer progression. Nonetheless, the expression regulation, biological functions, and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in mediating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remain insufficiently elucidated.

Methods: We identified circUCK2(2,3) through circRNA sequencing, RT-PCR, and Sanger sequencing.

Research advances of tissue-derived extracellular vesicles in cancers.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate cell-to-cell communication and affect various physiological and pathological processes in both parent and recipient cells. Currently, extensive research has focused on the EVs derived from cell cultures and various body fluids. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the EVs derived from tissues.

Clinical Evaluation of Femoral Head Fractures: Which Classification Systems Have the Best Universality, Reliability, and Reproducibility?

Background: Femoral head fractures are rare but potentially disabling injuries, and classifying them accurately and consistently can help surgeons make good choices about their treatment. However, there is no consensus as to which classification of these fractures is the most advantageous; parameters that might inform this choice include universality (the proportion of fractures that can be classified), as well as, of course, interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility.

Questions/purposes: (1) Which classification achieves the best universality (defined as the proportion of fractures that can be classified)? (2) Which classification delivers the highest intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility in the clinical CT assessment of femoral head fractures? (3) Based on the answers to those two questions, which classifications are the most applicable for clinical practice and research?

Methods: Between January 2011 and January 2023, 254 patients with femoral head fractures who had CT scans (CT is routine at our institution for patients who have experienced severe hip trauma) were potentially eligible for inclusion in this study, which was performed at a large Level I trauma center in China.

Pterostilbene attenuates the proliferation and differentiation of TNF-α-treated human periodontal ligament stem cells.

Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory oral disease. The objective of periodontal treatment is to control infection whilst regenerating damaged periodontal tissue. The present study aimed to determine the potential effects of pterostilbene (PTE), a representative stilbene compound, on the proliferation and differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs).

TP53 mutation influences the efficacy of treatment of colorectal cancer cell lines with a combination of sirtuin inhibitors and chemotherapeutic agents.

Chemoresistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis and new strategies are urgently needed to improve the outcomes of conventional chemotherapy. Sirtuin (SIRT) inhibitors prevent tumor cell growth by increasing the levels of acetylated histones and non-histones, as well as disrupting survival-related pathways. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of SIRT inhibitors on CRC chemotherapy.

Ki-67 and P16 proteins in cervical cancer and precancerous lesions of young women and the diagnostic value for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

Expression of Ki-67 and P16 proteins in cervical cancer and precancerous lesions of young women and the diagnostic value for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions were investigated. A total of 64 paraffin-embedded specimens of uterus tissue from young female patients who were admitted to Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences from January 2015 to December 2017 were selected. According to pathological examination, the specimens were divided into chronic cervicitis group (control group, 10 cases), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) group (12 cases), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) group (20 cases) and squamous carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) group (22 cases).

Arctigenin prevents monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats.

The hallmark features of the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) include the proliferation of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells, oxidative stress, inflammation, and pulmonary artery remodeling. Arctigenin is a bioactive component of that exerts anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects in several diseases; however, its effects on pulmonary arteries are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of arctigenin to prevent PAH.

Effects of D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate-emulsified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles on the absorption, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of salinomycin sodium.

Although salinomycin sodium (SS) has shown in-vitro potential to inhibit cancer stem cell growth and development, its low water solubility makes it a poor candidate as an oral chemotherapeutic agent. To improve the bioavailability of SS, SS was encapsulated here using D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)-emulsified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and compared with its parent SS in terms of absorption, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in suppressing nasopharyngeal carcinomas stem cells. The pharmacokinetics of SS and salinomycin sodium-loaded D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate-emulsified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (SLN) prepared by nanoprecipitation were analyzed in-vivo by timed-interval blood sampling and oral administration of SS and SLN to rats.

Passively Driven Probe Based on Miniaturized Propeller for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography.

Optical coherent tomography (OCT) has enabled clinical applications ranging from ophthalmology to cardiology that revolutionized in vivo medical diagnostics in the last few decades, and a variety of endoscopic probes have been developed in order to meet the needs of various endoscopic OCT imaging. We propose a passive driven intravascular optical coherent tomography (IV-OCT) probe in this paper. Instead of using any electrically driven scanning device, the probe makes use of the kinetic energy of the fluid that flushes away the blood during the intravascular optical coherence tomography imaging.