Expression of isoforms is reduced in primary colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. The carcinogenesis of CRC is indeed complex, and there are many different mechanisms and pathways that contribute to the development of malignancy and the progression from primary to metastatic tumors. The OCT4A, encoded by the gene, is a transcription factor responsible for the phenotype of stem cells, maintaining pluripotency and regulation of differentiation.

Phytochemical-based nanodrugs going beyond the state-of-the-art in cancer management-Targeting cancer stem cells in the framework of predictive, preventive, personalized medicine.

Cancer causes many deaths worldwide each year, especially due to tumor heterogeneity leading to disease progression and treatment failure. Targeted treatment of heterogeneous population of cells - cancer stem cells is still an issue in protecting affected individuals against associated multidrug resistance and disease progression. Nanotherapeutic agents have the potential to go beyond state-of-the-art approaches in overall cancer management.

Association between estrogen receptor β polymorphisms and prostate cancer in a Slovak population.

Sex steroid hormones have important roles in the function of the prostate; however, they may also serve as factors in the initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. Estrogens, acting through estrogen receptors, may significantly affect prostate cancer development and progression. The main aim of the present study was to analyze the association between the rs3020449, rs4986938 and rs1256049 polymorphisms in the promoter region of the estrogen receptor β () gene and prostate cancer risk in the Slovak population.

Germline Mutations in DNA Repair Genes in Patients With Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic profiles of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) by using next generation sequencing to identify variants with pathogenic potential in nine DNA repair genes - BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD50, RAD51, RAD51C/D, ATM and ATR.

Materials And Methods: Isolated genomic DNA from peripheral blood of 50 patients with mCRPC was used for the sequencing of 111 genes associated with hereditary cancer on an Illumina platform. Identified variants were tested in Integrative Genomic Viewer, their clinical significance confirmed in databases and their potential impact on protein function predicted by in silico tools.

Associations Between Gene Polymorphisms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Prostate Cancer.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between selected polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene (rs699947, rs144854329, rs833061, rs2010963, rs3025039) and the risk of prostate cancer development and progression.

Materials And Methods: The present study included 446 patients with prostate cancer and 241 healthy men. Genotyping was performed by polymerase-chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

Arterial Stiffness and Endothelial Function in Young Obese Patients - Vascular Resistance Matters.

Aim: Motivated by the paradoxical and differing results of the early atherosclerosis related indices - Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) reflecting arterial stiffness and Reactive Hyperemia Index (RHI) evaluating endothelium dependent flow-induced vasodilation - in obesity, we aimed to assess CAVI and RHI in obese adolescents and young adults in the context of differences in systemic vascular resistance (SVR).

Methods: We examined 29 obese (14f, 15.4 [12.

Endothelial Dysfunction in Children with Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis.

Background: To evaluate the presence of endothelial dysfunction in Slovak children with juvenile psoriatic arthritis in the absence of classic cardiovascular risk factors in order to assess its relationship to the disease activity and disability.

Methods: 25 juvenile psoriatic arthritis patients (JPSA) and 25 healthy controls aged 6-19 years were enrolled into this study. In all subjects vascular measurements over a period of three years (January 2013 - January 2016) were performed, in accordance with the guidelines for ultrasonographic evaluation of FMD% (flow-mediated endothelial dependent vasodilatation) of the brachial artery.

Testosterone as a prospective predictor of pathological Gleason score and pathological stage in prostate cancer.

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between preoperative circulating levels of total serum testosterone and pathological Gleason score and pathological stage in prostate cancer patients who underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy. The levels of total serum testosterone were measured in the morning just before surgery in a group of 201 prostate cancer patients. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to model the association between total preoperative testosterone (individually or in combination with other preoperative predictors such as age, PSA, clinical stage and biopsy Gleason score) and pathological Gleason score, pathological stage in prostate cancer patients.

Iatrogenic perforation of hypopharynx as a cause of severe descending necrotizing mediastinitis: A case report.

The authors present a case report of severe descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) etiologically of unrecognized traumatic endotracheal intubation with hypopharynx-esophageal junction perforation. Patient was treated inadequately for seven days in local hospital what was the cause of sepsis progression into the septic shock with multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Patient was transferred to specialized hospital and was immediately operated in general anaesthesia - combined transcervical approach and lateral thoracotomy was used for mediastinal drainage and debridement.