Total Hip Arthroplasty in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients: A Systematic Review of Outcomes.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has become a common intervention for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients who have osteonecrosis of the femoral head. This paper provides a systematic review to assess survivorships, patient-reported outcomes (PROMs), infection rates, other complications, and immune competence for patients who had THAs who did and did not have HIV.

Methods: A comprehensive and systematic review of published studies investigating the outcomes of THA in HIV-positive patients (osteonecrosis and non-osteonecrosis patients) was performed adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

A comparison of healing and complication rates between common flaps utilized in total knee arthroplasty: a review of the literature.

Background: Flap reconstruction with perforator, fasciocutaneous, muscular, and/or free microvascular flaps is utilized to cover wound defects and improve vascularization and antibiotic/nutrient delivery. Flap use in revision procedures for total knee arthroplasty has been explored previously; however, current data are limited and studies comparing healing and complication rates between different flap types are lacking.

Methods: A literature review was performed using PubMed on 13 January 2022.

Scapulothoracic Dissociation: A Review of an Orthopedic Emergency.

Scapulothoracic dissociation is a rare and devastating injury that is considered an orthopedic emergency. It is critical to recognize this injury early based on mechanism, physical examination, and radiographic parameters. Initial management should be focused on resuscitation and evaluation for potential limb-threatening ischemia.

Are Arthroplasty Procedures Really Better in the Treatment of Complex Proximal Humerus Fractures? A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Objective: A meta-analysis and systematic review was performed to compare outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), hemiarthroplasty (HA), and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) for complex proximal humerus fractures. Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were screened. Search terms included reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, open reduction internal fixation, hemiarthroplasty, and proximal humerus fracture.

Autologous osteochondral transplantation for osteochondral lesions of the talus: high rate of return to play in the athletic population.

Purpose: (1) To determine the rate of return to play following autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) and (2) report subsequent rehabilitation protocols.

Methods: A systematic review of the PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library databases was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines based on specific eligibility criteria. Return to play data was meta-analysed and subsequent rehabilitation protocols were summarised.

Expanding the horizons of clinical applications of proximal humerus locking plates in the lower extremities: A technical note.

Pre-contoured anatomical locking plates were designed to address the clinical need of fixing small epiphyseal segments with a larger number of screws. Those plates match the contour and shape of a variety of bones allowing for optimal buttress properties. The aim of this manuscript is to highlight the benefits of applying proximal humerus locking plates in the fixation of lower extremity bones.

Equivalent union rates between intramedullary nail and locked plate fixation for distal femur periprosthetic fractures - a systematic review.

Background: The incidence of periprosthetic fracture following total knee arthroplasty continues to rise as the number of knee arthroplasty procedures increases. Management of periprosthetic fractures can be complex, with locked compression plating (LCP) and intramedullary nailing (IMN) being the most commonly used treatment options. We performed a systematic review to report and compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients treated with intramedullary nail fixation versus plate fixation for periprosthetic fractures of the distal femur.

A Comprehensive Assessment of Vascular and Nonvascular Risk Factors Associated with Migraine.

Introduction:  Migraine is a chronic disabling neurological disease, with an estimated expense of $15-20 million/year. Several studies with a small number of patients have studied risk factors for migraine such as cardiovascular disorders, stroke, smoking, demographic, and genetic factors but this is the first comprehensive study for evaluation of vascular and nonvascular risk factors. It is important to evaluate all the risk factors that help to prevent the healthcare burden related to migraine.

Use of a stainless steel locking calcaneal plate for quadrilateral plate buttress in the treatment of acetabular fractures.

Operative fixation of acetabular fractures involving the quadrilateral surface presents a challenging clinical scenario. Classically, quadrilateral plate buttress was achieved via the use of a "seven" plate. More recently, the use of an anatomic, pre-contoured design has been gaining popularity due to its pre-contoured shape and larger footprint, allowing for a wider quadrilateral plate buttress.

Update on the Comprehensive Approach to Fragility Fractures.

The prevention and treatment of fragility fractures continuously evolve. Adequate fracture care should involve treating the fracture itself and the underlying bone disease. Although effective treatments of osteoporosis are available, a large proportion of patients with fragility fractures are not prescribed antiosteoporotic medications after their injury.

Algorithmic treatment of Busch-Hoffa distal femur fractures: A technical note based on a modified Letenneur classification.

Treatment of distal femur fractures in the coronal plane can be challenging. Depending on fracture line orientation, topography and associated comminution, decision-making regarding approach and fixation is not straightforward and can result in complications. Therefore, treatment of coronal plane distal femur fractures (Busch-Hoffa fractures) should be approached in a systematic manner, leading to efficient planning and operative execution.

What's new in ankle fractures.

The diagnosis and treatment of ankle fractures has evolved considerably over the past two decades. Recent topics of interest have included indications for operative treatment of isolated lateral malleolus fractures, need for fixation of the posterior malleolus, utilization of the posterolateral approach, treatment of the syndesmosis, and the potential role of fibular nailing. In this update, we concisely review these topics and what to expect in the future literature.

Clinical application of concentrated bone marrow aspirate in orthopaedics: A systematic review.

Aim: To examine the evidence behind the use of concentrated bone marrow aspirate (cBMA) in cartilage, bone, and tendon repair; establish proof of concept for the use of cBMA in these biologic environments; and provide the level and quality of evidence substantiating the use of cBMA in the clinical setting.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Knowledge databases were screened for the use of cBMA in the repair of cartilage, bone, and tendon repair.