Appraisal of AI-generated dermatology literature reviews.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have the potential to revolutionize many facets of medicine and medical sciences research. Numerous AI tools have been developed and are in continuous states of iterative improvement in their functionality.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the performance of three AI tools: The Literature, Microsoft's Copilot and Google's Gemini in performing literature reviews on a range of dermatology topics.

Aberrant p16, p53 and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry staining patterns can distinguish solitary keratoacanthoma from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Keratoacanthoma (KA) is widely considered a benign, usually self-resolving, neoplasm distinct from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), while some consider KA to be indistinguishable from cSCC. Published studies indicate utility for p16, p53, Ki-67 immunostaining and elastic van Gieson (EVG) in the assessment of KA and cSCC. We compared clinical features and staining patterns for p16, p53, Ki-67 and EVG in fully excised KA, cSCC with KA-like features (cSCC-KAL) and other cSCC (cSCC-OTHER).

A UK-wide study to describe resource consumption and waste management practices in skin surgery including Mohs micrographic surgery.

Background: There is a lack of national guidance specifying how skin surgery, including Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), should be conducted, leading to a degree of heterogeneity in the set-up of skin surgery services and how skin surgeries are performed.

Objectives: To provide the first UK-wide cross-sectional study reporting real-world data on the set-up and waste management practices of skin surgery, including MMS.

Methods: A UK-wide service evaluation study was conducted between 1 March 2022 and 30 June 2022 using a standardized data collection pro forma.

Skin surgery training: a literature review of methods and their efficacy.

Skin surgery ranges from small biopsies to Mohs micrographic surgery and excisions necessitating complex skin flap design or grafting. For all dermatology doctors in training there is a need to acquire competence to perform skin surgery safely, in an appropriate timeframe and with minimal complication rates. There exist a range of different methods, with varying reliance upon advancing technology, to teach skin surgery and to refine surgical skills before procedures are performed on patients.

Environmental management systems and their relevance to dermatology.

The International Organization for Standardization ISO 14000 family of standards and the European Commission Eco-Management and Auditing Scheme are examples of voluntary environmental management systems (EMS). EMS provides a framework to facilitate organizations to incorporate environmental considerations into their governance and operations to improve the use of resources and waste management practices. Organizations with EMS accreditation reported operational efficiency improvements and cost savings.

Erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis). Part 2: energy homeostasis and dietetic management strategies.

Erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis) is associated with important metabolic changes that include an enhancement in energy expenditure. The key components to total energy expenditure (TEE) include basal metabolic rate (~68% of TEE), physical activity (~22% of TEE) and thermic effect of food (~10% of TEE). In the erythrodermic state, there are likely multiple contributors to the increase in basal metabolic rate, such as 'caloric drain' resulting from increased evaporation of water from enhanced transepidermal water loss, increased activity of the cardiovascular system (including high-output cardiac failure), increased nonshivering thermogenesis and hormonal changes such as hypercortisolaemia.

Erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis). Part 1: underlying causes, clinical presentation and pathogenesis.

Erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis), first described by Von Hebra in 1868, manifests as a cutaneous inflammatory state, with associated skin barrier and metabolic dysfunctions. The annual incidence of erythroderma is estimated to be 1-2 per 100 000 population in Europe with a male preponderance. Erythroderma may present at birth, or may develop acutely or insidiously (due to progression of an underlying primary pathology, including malignancy).