The Effectiveness and Safety of Tranexamic Acid in Treating Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a synthetic antifibrinolytic agent that inhibits plasminogen activation, thereby reducing bleeding. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate its role in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-a condition indicated by bleeding between two layers of brain tissue-to stop rebleeding and improve patient outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials from 1981 to 2024, focusing on the efficacy and safety of TXA in treating aneurysmal SAH (PROSPERO registration: CRD42024504834).

Patient awareness, knowledge, and acceptability of antenatal perineal massage: A single-center cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: This study assessed the knowledge, awareness, and acceptability of antenatal perineal massage (APM) among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 240 pregnant women who met the predefined inclusion criteria and attended the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from 1 October to 31 December 2023. Participants answered seven knowledge questions, classified as having good knowledge if they answered ≥4 correctly and poor knowledge if <4 were correct.

Colostomy formation in a peritoneal dialysis patient.

This case report discusses the complex management of a 46-year-old man with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus, stage 5 chronic kidney disease, and severe neuropathic complications, which led to bilateral leg amputations. The patient experienced persistent diarrhea due to diabetic neuropathy, significantly impairing his daily functioning. Despite transitioning from hemodialysis to peritoneal dialysis, the diarrhea persisted.

Opioid Control for Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia in Emergency Departments in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Sickle cell anemia (SCA) affects the Saudi Arabian population significantly, with 4.2% carriers and 0.26% affected.

Particular exosomal micro-RNAs and gastrointestinal (GI) cancer cells' roles: Current theories.

A diverse range of gastrointestinal tract disorders are called gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. The transformation of normal cells into precursor cells, precursor cells into premalignant cells, and premalignant cells into cancerous cells is facilitated by the interaction of many modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Developing relevant therapy alternatives based on a better knowledge of the illness's aetiology is essential to enhance patient outcomes.

Exploring the Unmet Needs of Teachers of Young Children with ADHD Symptoms: A Qualitative Study.

Background/objectives: Children with Attention and Hyperactivity Deficit Disorder (ADHD) and those at risk of ADHD typically exhibit challenging behaviours that may disrupt the classroom environment and be frustrating for teachers. This study aimed to explore teachers' experiences and emotions regarding teaching children with high levels of ADHD symptoms and their perceptions of what might help to meet their unmet support needs.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 primary educational practitioners for children aged between four and eight years in the UK.

Efficacy of Adenoidectomy versus Tympanostomy on the Otitis Media with Effusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the current evidence on the efficacy of tympanostomy and adenoidectomy in children with otitis media with effusion in comparison with tympanostomy alone following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.

Materials And Methods: We completed a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies published in the literature with no date restrictions. We collected the results of the databases search and removed duplicated studies by Rayyan QCRI and EndNote Software X8.

The Effect of Virtual Reality Application on Pain and Anxiety During Episiotomy Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction And Hypothesis: There is a rising trend among women towards nonpharmacological approaches owing to their minimally invasive nature and limited adverse effects. Virtual reality (VR) has recently gained popularity as a new technology for reducing pain and anxiety in medical settings. Our research sought to investigate the impact of VR on pain and anxiety levels while undergoing episiotomy repair.

The Burden Cancer-Related Deaths Attributable to High Body Mass Index in a Gulf Cooperation Council: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: BMI has been reported to be a major risk factor for the increased burden of several diseases. This study explores the burden of cancer linked to high body mass index (BMI) in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and assesses the correlation with Socio-demographic Index (SDI).

Method: Using Global burden of disease (GBD) 2019 data, the authors quantified cancer burden through mortality, DALYs, age standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and age standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) across sexes, countries, cancer types, and years.

Prevalence, Etiology, Risk Factors, and Complications of Facial Nerve Palsy at King Abdulaziz Medical City: A Multicenter Study.

Background: Facial nerve palsy is a condition of nerve damage that results in impaired facial movement on one or both sides of the face.

Objectives: This multicenter study aimed to determine the prevalence of facial nerve palsy and evaluate the association between its risk factors and complications to identify its etiology among patients admitted to King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2016 and 2023.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to obtain data from medical records using the best care system for patients with facial nerve palsy.

Detection and isolation of wormhole nodes in wireless ad hoc networks based on post-wormhole actions.

The wormhole attack is one of the most treacherous attacks projected at the routing layer that can bypass cryptographic measures and derail the entire communication network. It is too difficult to prevent a priori; all the possible countermeasures are either too expensive or ineffective. Indeed, literature solutions either require expensive hardware (typically UWB or secure GPS transceivers) or pose specific constraints to the adversarial behavior (doing or not doing a suspicious action).

Performance analysis: Securing SIP on multi-threaded/multi-core proxy server using public keys on Diffie-Hellman (DH) in single and multi-server queuing scenarios.

The rapid replacement of PSTN with VOIP networks indicates the definitive phase-out of the PBX/PABX with smartphone-based VOIP technology that uses WLAN connectivity for local communication; however, security remains a key issue, regardless of the communication coverage area. Session initiation protocol (SIP) is one of the most widely adopted VOIP connection establishment protocols but requires added security. On the Internet, different security protocols, such as HTTPS (SSL/TLS), IPSec, and S/MIME, are used to protect SIP communication.

Mortality Following Simultaneous Versus Staged Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) is a common intervention for bilateral knee osteoarthritis, and the choice between simultaneous (SimBTKA) and staged (StaBTKA) procedures remains a critical decision. This meta-analysis systematically reviews and analyzes the existing literature to compare mortality outcomes associated with SimBTKA and StaBTKA. A comprehensive search was conducted across major databases for studies reporting mortality outcomes in SimBTKA and StaBTKA.

Cervical Cancer Screening Barriers Among Citizens of Jeddah.

Introduction: The cervix, a cylindrical structure made of stroma and epithelium, is the lowest point of the uterus. A tissue-proven biopsy of the cervix with histological confirmation is necessary for aberrant cytologic results of Papanicolaou (Pap) smears to rule out cervical cancer. This study investigates barriers to cervical cancer screening among women.

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of COVID-19 Prognosis Using Clinical and Hematologic Data.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is challenging healthcare systems worldwide. The prediction of disease prognosis has a critical role in confronting the burden of COVID-19. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of predicting COVID-19 patient outcomes and disease severity based on clinical and hematological parameters using machine learning techniques.

Synthesis of Tungsten Oxide, Iron Oxide, and Copper-Doped Iron Oxide Nanocomposites and Evaluation of Their Mixing Effects with Cyromazine against (Boisduval).

Nanotechnology research is emerging as a cutting-edge technology, and nanocomposites have played a significant role in pest control. Therefore, the present study focuses on the synthesis of tungsten oxide (WO), iron oxide (magnetic nanoparticle, MNP), and copper-doped iron oxide (MNP-Cu) nanocomposites and explores the different effects of their binary combinations with the insecticide cyromazine against . The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.

A highly sensitive micelle-enhanced synchronous spectrofluorimetric determination of the recently approved co-formulated drugs, bilastine and montelukast in pharmaceuticals and human plasma at nanogram levels.

In this study, the simultaneous determination of bilastine and montelukast, two recently approved co-formulated antihistaminic medications, was accomplished using a quick, sensitive, environmentally friendly, and reasonably priced synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic approach for the first time. Enhancement of the method's sensitivity down to nanogram levels was achieved by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (1.0% w/v) as a micellar system.

Perception of Neurologists on Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Saudi Arabia.

Objective: Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has the advantage of minimizing intraoperative neurological injury and limiting serious postoperative complications. No previous studies have evaluated the importance of IONM, especially in Gulf and Arab countries. We aimed to investigate the importance of IONM, as evaluated from a neurologist perspective in Saudi Arabia.

Comparative De Novo and Pan-Genome Analysis of MDR Nosocomial Bacteria Isolated from Hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are one of the most serious threats to public health, and one of the most important types of MDR bacteria are those that are acquired in a hospital, known as nosocomial. This study aimed to isolate and identify MDR bacteria from selected hospitals in Jeddah and analyze their antibiotic-resistant genes. Bacteria were collected from different sources and wards of hospitals in Jeddah City.

Tranexamic acid versus misoprostol for management of postpartum hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aim: To conduct the first-ever systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the antihemorrhagic utility and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) versus misoprostol for management (prevention and/or treatment) of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).

Methods: Six databases were screened from inception until May 2023 and updated in September 2023. The RCTs were assessed for quality according to the Cochrane's risk of bias tool.

Three cases of colon cancer in four generations of the Saudi family, caused by endogamous germline mutations.

Various research pieces of evidence have been published in recent years, establishing the increasing prevalence of early colon cancer among young people. In this background, the current study aimed to analyze the reasons behind colon cancer recurrence among endogamous consanguineous cases in four generations of a single Saud family. For this study, the authors conducted the whole-exome sequencing analysis to screen for germline mutations in DNA samples from consanguineous cases within the family.