Urbanization and psychosis: an update of recent evidence.

Purpose Of Review: Urbanization, a complex global phenomenon, has a significant bearing on schizophrenia/psychosis burden through various socioeconomic and environmental factors. This review focuses on recent evidence (2019-2023) linking urbanization, schizophrenia, and the role of green space.

Recent Findings: This review analyzed 43 articles that examined the correlation between urban birth or upbringing, urban living (urbanicity), and various schizophrenia/psychosis-related outcomes such as incidence, psychotic experiences, etc.

Correlation of Preoperative Radiological Factors with Histological Involvement of Thyroid Gland in Laryngeal Carcinomas.

Total laryngectomy is the primary treatment for locally advanced laryngeal carcinomas. However, routine thyroid removal (total or hemithyroidectomy) during this procedure is controversial, as the incidence of thyroid gland involvement varies and may lead to lifelong thyroid supplementation, increasing postoperative morbidity. The lack of a consensus on managing the thyroid gland in laryngeal carcinoma cases necessitates improved evaluation techniques, with radiology playing a crucial role in this aspect.

An Uncommon Salivary Gland Swelling- Parotid Duct Cyst and Its Management.

Cysts in the parotid region are more common in the gland than in the duct. Isolated cyst of parotid duct is a rare presentation. The treatment for most of the cystic lesions of the parotid or the parotid duct is the excision of the cyst with superficial parotidectomy.

Schwannoma of Nasopharynx-A Rare Case with A Complex Presentation.

Nasopharyngeal tumors are rare, and schwannomas originating from this location are extremely uncommon. Schwannomas are tumors arising from the Schwann cells of peripheral nerve sheath which are neuroectodermal in origin. These are benign, slow growing, well-encapsulated tumors and are mostly seen in the head and neck region.

Morbidity and Treatment-Seeking Pattern among Low Birth Weight Infants: A Community-based Cohort Study from Puducherry.

Background: To compare the morbidity and treatment-seeking pattern of low birth weight (LBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) infants during the first six months.

Material And Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the service areas of eight urban primary health centers of Puducherry from October 2019 to July 2021. Details of LBW and sex-matched NBW infants were obtained from the birth registers of selected PHCs.

Research on feeding and eating disorders in India: A narrative review.

Despite growing evidence of their prevalence, research on feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) in India has been sporadic. This narrative review aimed to summarize the research on FED in India and set priorities for future research and translation of evidence. An electronic search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant English peer-reviewed articles from April 1967 to July 2023.

Critical Challenges and Frontiers in Cartilage Tissue Engineering.

Cartilage tissue engineering has witnessed considerable advancements since its establishment in 1977, evolving from rudimentary surgical interventions to more nuanced biotechnological approaches. The field has navigated various challenges encompassing cellular considerations, scaffold material selection, environmental factors, and ethical and regulatory constraints. Innovations in cell source diversification, including chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, have been instrumental but not without their limitations, such as restricted cell proliferation and ethical dilemmas.

Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma with duodenal metastasis-A rare tumor with unusual site of metastasis with grim outcome.

Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a newly recognized rare variant of urothelial carcinoma, which is now being increasingly diagnosed prospectively as well as by retrospective analysis of cases with a poor prognosis. Morphologically, these tumors simulate plasma cell neoplasms and pose a diagnostic challenge. Identifying this variant is essential in two aspects: therapy and prognosis.

Statistical heterogeneity in meta-analysis of hypertension and exercise training: A meta-review.

We aim to evaluate the prevalence of reporting and the extent of statistical heterogeneity of systematic reviews with meta-analyses (SRMAs) of exercise training for hypertension and to provide practical recommendations for dealing with statistical heterogeneity. We systematically searched on four databases (from 2002 to September of 2023) for SRMAs comparing exercise interventions vs. a non-exercise control on blood pressure (BP) control in adults with hypertension.

Evaluation of a scoring system for vein suitability in platelet apheresis donors.

Introduction: Donor vein assessment for the selection of good quality veins is crucial for a successful apheresis procedure. This study intends to find out the effectiveness of a vein assessment scoring tool (VST) used and found to be effective in selecting whole blood donors to reduce the difficulty in identifying good quality veins for the plateletpheresis procedure.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study on platelet apheresis donors with the application of a VST consisting of three vein descriptor parameters (vein visibility, vein palpability, and vein size) with 5 Likert-type responses constituting a score of 0-12 for each arm.

Algorithmic approach utilizing histology and immunohistochemistry for the current classification of diffuse glioma.

Introduction: Diffuse glioma constitutes 28% of primary brain tumors. Until recently morphologic appearance was the only criterion for classifying these tumors. However, WHO 2016 incorporates molecular information in the primary diagnosis of gliomas such as Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), Alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X inked (ATRX) as well as 1p/19q codeletion on FISH.

Corrigendum: A combination of metformin and epigallocatechin gallate potentiates glioma chemotherapy .

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.

Role of CYFRA 21-1 and CEA as prognostic and predictive markers in locally advanced and metastatic gastric carcinoma.

Purpose: Tumor-associated serum markers have demonstrated predictive and prognostic value in patients being treated for malignancies. However, the clinical importance of tumor markers in gastric cancers (GC) is poorly standardized.

Objectives: The objective is to assess the clinical utility of cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as serum tumor markers in advanced GC.

Situation Analysis of Early Implementation of Programmatic Management of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment among Household Contacts of Pulmonary TB Patients in Delhi, India.

Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment (TPT) is a powerful tool for preventing the TB infection from developing into active TB disease, and has recently been expanded to all household contacts of TB cases in India. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to conduct a situational analysis of the initial phase of TPT implementation among household contacts of pulmonary TB patients in three districts of Delhi, India. It was completed using a checklist based assessments, care cascade data, and qualitative analysis.

Effectiveness of Swallowing and Oral Care Interventions on Oral Intake and Salivary Flow of Patients Following Endotracheal Extubation at a Tertiary Care Center: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are the most frequently used life-sustaining interventions in critical care. Prolonged intubation can lead to post-extubation dysphagia, affecting the individual's nutritional level and communication ability. Thereupon, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of swallowing and oral care interventions in resuming oral intake and increasing salivary flow in post-extubation patients.