An electrochemical immunosensor based on a nano-ceria integrated microfluidic chip for interleukin-8 biomarker detection.

Interleukin-8 (IL8) is an important cytokine that plays a significant role in tumor growth and angiogenesis across various malignant tumors, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It is an important biomarker for oral cancer; therefore, its early and accurate detection in bodily fluid reduces morbidity and mortality rates in cancer patients. The work presents the development of a label-free microfluidic miniaturized electrochemical immunosensor for IL8 biomarker detection at low concentration in saliva samples.

Nanomedicines as a cutting-edge solution to combat antimicrobial resistance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical threat to global public health, necessitating the development of novel strategies. AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites evolve to resist antimicrobial drugs, making infections difficult to treat and increasing the risk of disease spread, severe illness, and death. Over 70% of infection-causing microorganisms are estimated to be resistant to one or several antimicrobial drugs.

Intricate relationship between cancer stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are widely acknowledged as the drivers of tumor initiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression, and metastasis. Originating from both hematologic and solid malignancies, CSCs exhibit quiescence, pluripotency, and self-renewal akin to normal stem cells, thus orchestrating tumor heterogeneity and growth. Through a dynamic interplay with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and intricate signaling cascades, CSCs undergo transitions from differentiated cancer cells, culminating in therapy resistance and disease recurrence.

Emergence and impact of theranostic-nanoformulation of triple therapeutics for combination cancer therapy.

Cancer remains a major global health threat necessitating the multipronged approaches for its prevention and management. Traditional approaches in the form of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy are often encountered with poor patient outcomes evidenced by high mortality and morbidity, compelling the need for precision medicine for cancer patients to enable personalized and targeted cancer treatment. There has been an emergence of smart multimodal theranostic nanoformulation for triple combination cancer therapy in the last few years, which dramatically enhances the overall safety of the nanoformulation for in vivo and potential clinical applications with minimal toxicity.

Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes: functions and roles in cancers.

Cancer, being the most formidable ailment, has had a profound impact on the human health. The disease is primarily associated with genetic mutations that impact oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). Recently, growing evidence have shown that X-linked TSGs have specific role in cancer progression and metastasis as well.

Nano-modified screen-printed electrode-based electrochemical immunosensors for oral cancer biomarker detection in undiluted human serum and saliva samples.

This proposed work reports the development of in-house made conductive ink-based screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) for label-free detection of oral cancer biomarkers. Carbon ink synthesis includes graphite powder, gum arabic, and water. The selectivity test of the fabricated SPE involves immobilizing antibodies specific to biomarkers and challenges with redox-active interference, other serum molecules, and non-target biomarkers.

Synthesis of triazole bridged -glycosides of pyrazolo[1,5-]pyrimidinones as anticancer agents and their docking studies.

In the pursuit of novel therapeutic agents, we present a comprehensive study on the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a diverse library of triazole bridged -glycosides of pyrazolo[1,5-]pyrimidinones, employing a microwave-assisted synthetic approach 'click chemistry'. This methodology offers efficient and accelerated access to the glycohybrids, showcasing improved reaction conditions that yield high-quality products. In this research endeavor, we have successfully synthesized a series of twenty-seven triazole bridged -glycosides of pyrazolo[1,5-]pyrimidinones.

Design, synthesis, X-ray crystal structures, anticancer, DNA binding, and molecular modelling studies of pyrazole-pyrazoline hybrid derivatives.

We have designed and synthesized three pyrazole analogs (4, 5a, 5b), pyrazole-based chalcones (6a-6d) and (8a-8h), and -formyl/acetyl 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoline analogs (7a-7d), (9a-9d). FT-IR, H, C NMR, and mass spectrometry techniques were used to describe the structures of all the synthesized analogs. The single crystal X-ray method was used to identify the molecular structure of derivatives 4 and 5a.

Recent advances in the synthesis of new benzothiazole based anti-tubercular compounds.

This review highlights the recent synthetic developments of benzothiazole based anti-tubercular compounds and their and activity. The inhibitory concentrations of the newly synthesized molecules were compared with the standard reference drugs. The better inhibition potency was found in new benzothiazole derivatives against .

Visible and NIR light photoactivatable -hydroxycinnamate system for efficient drug release with fluorescence monitoring.

Photoactivatable protecting groups (PPGs) have become powerful materials for controlling the activity of biologically important molecules in the biomedical field. However, designing PPGs that can be efficiently activated by biologically benign visible and NIR light with fluorescence monitoring is still a great challenge. Herein, we report -hydroxycinnamate-based PPGs that can be activated by both visible (one-photon) and NIR (two-photon) light for controlled drug release with real-time monitoring.

Electro-organic green synthesis of dicyano-2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) malononitriles using molecular iodine as catalyst.

The first electrochemical molecular iodine promoted, domino reactions for the green synthesis of biologically relevant dicyano 2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) malononitriles (11 examples, up to 94% yield) from readily available isatin derivatives, malononitrile, and iodine at room temperature have been presented. This synthesis method showed tolerance towards various EDG and EWG and was completed in a short reaction time at the constant low current density of 5 mA cm in the low redox potential range of -0.14 to 0.

A folded π-system with supramolecularly oriented dipoles: single-component piezoelectric relaxor with NLO activity.

Organic molecules with an active dipole moment have a natural propensity to align in an antiparallel fashion in the solid state, resulting in zero macroscopic polarization. This primary limitation makes the material unresponsive to switching with electric fields, mechanical forces, and to intense laser light. A single-component organic material that bestows macroscopic dipole-driven electro-mechanical and optical functions, , piezoelectric, ferroelectric and nonlinear optical (NLO) activity, is unprecedented due to the design challenges imparted by crystal symmetry and dipole orientations.

Correction: Amyloid fibrillation of the glaucoma associated myocilin protein is inhibited by epicatechin gallate (ECG).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D2RA05061G.].

Amyloid fibrillation of the glaucoma associated myocilin protein is inhibited by epicatechin gallate (ECG).

Inherited glaucoma is a recent addition to the inventory of diseases arising due to protein misfolding. Mutations in the olfactomedin (OLF) domain of myocilin are the most common genetic cause behind this disease. Disease associated variants of m-OLF are predisposed to misfold and aggregate in the trabecular meshwork (TM) tissue of the eye.

A highly contorted push-pull naphthalenediimide dimer and evidence of intramolecular singlet exciton fission.

Singlet fission is a process by which two molecular triplet excitons are generated subsequent to the absorption of one photon. Molecules that enable singlet fission have triplet state energy at least half of the bright singlet state energy. This stringent energy criteria have challenged chemists to device new molecular and supramolecular design principles to modulate the singlet-triplet energy gap and build singlet fission systems from a wide range of organic chromophores.

Metal catalyzed C-H functionalization on triazole rings.

The present review covers advancement in the area of C-H functionalization on triazole rings, by utilizing various substrates with palladium or copper as catalysts, and resulting in the development of various substituted 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles. Synthesis of these substituted compounds is necessary from the perspective of pharmaceutical, medicinal, and materials chemistry.

Role of Ce concentration on the structural and magnetic properties of functional magnetic oxide particles.

Functional magnetic oxide particles offer exceptional GHz frequency capabilities, which can significantly enhance the utility of communication and signal processing devices. In the present work, we have investigated the structural and magnetic properties of rational multifunctional oxide Y Ce BiFeO particles - a full series with = 0.0, 0.

Green synthesis, structural analysis and anticancer activity of dihydropyrimidinone derivatives.

In this study, for the first time, we have used juice to synthesize dihydropyrimidine (DHPM) derivatives the Biginelli reaction, which showed better yield, shorter reaction time, and did not require an organic solvent for the reaction. A series of DHPM derivatives were synthesized, and characterized, and structural analysis was achieved through SCXRD & Hirshfeld surface analysis. We observed that these synthesized dihydropyrimidine (DHPM) derivatives showed C-H⋯π, C-H⋯O, C-H⋯N, C-H⋯C, lone pair⋯π, π⋯π, interactions.

Computational methods directed towards drug repurposing for COVID-19: advantages and limitations.

Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has significantly altered the socio-economic status of countries. Although vaccines are now available against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a causative agent for COVID-19, it continues to transmit and newer variants of concern have been consistently emerging world-wide. Computational strategies involving drug repurposing offer a viable opportunity to choose a medication from a rundown of affirmed drugs against distinct diseases including COVID-19.

The polyphenolic phytoalexin polydatin inhibits amyloid aggregation of recombinant human prion protein.

Prion diseases involve misfolded and highly infectious aggregates of prion protein (PrP) which forms amyloid plaques leading to fatal neurodegeneration. The absence of clinically proven therapeutics makes the discovery of effective remedial interventions a prime concern. Herein, we report novel prion intervention by the polyphenolic phytoalexin, polydatin which binds with moderate affinity to the recombinant protease resistant core of human prion protein, encompassing the sequence 90-231 (rPrP) and inhibits its conversion into the highly neurotoxic forms.

CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions.

Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy is a simple and convenient method to investigate the secondary structure and interactions of biomolecules. Recent advancements in CD spectroscopy have enabled the study of DNA-protein interactions and conformational dynamics of DNA in different microenvironments in detail for a better understanding of transcriptional regulation in vivo. The area around a potential transcription zone needs to be unwound for transcription to occur.

Investigation of Forest Fire Activity Changes Over the Central India Domain Using Satellite Observations During 2001-2020.

Recurrent and large forest fires negatively impact ecosystem, air quality, and human health. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer fire product is used to identify forest fires over central India domain, an extremely fire prone region. The study finds that from 2001 to 2020, ∼70% of yearly forest fires over the region occurred during March (1,857.

Optogenetic modulation of real-time nanoscale dynamics of HCN channels using photoactivated adenylyl cyclases.

Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is a key second messenger that activates several signal transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. Alteration of basal levels of cAMP is known to activate protein kinases, regulate phosphodiesterases and modulate the activity of ion channels such as Hyper polarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated channels (HCN). Recent advances in optogenetics have resulted in the availability of novel genetically encoded molecules with the capability to alter cytoplasmic profiles of cAMP with unprecedented spatial and temporal precision.