Contamination of staple crops by heavy metals in Sibaté, Colombia.

Heavy metal contamination in water resources, soil, and food sources is an issue that compromises food safety in Sibaté, Colombia. In the present study concentration of heavy metals [HMs], such as Cu, As, Pb, Cr, Zn, Co, Cd and Ni, present in vegetables included in the typical Colombian diet were measured. The study was conducted as follows: samples of parsley, artichoke and carrots produced in a location near the Muña dam were collected, where the Bogotá River water is treated for use as a water resource.

Fracture incidence of WaveOne Gold files: a prospective clinical study.

Aim: This prospective clinical study evaluated the incidence of instrument fracture observed after single-file root canal treatment of molars using WaveOne Gold instruments.

Methodology: Three standardized, experienced and calibrated specialists treated 750 maxillary and mandibular molars with curvatures less than 45° (2691 root canals) over a 12-month period. All the treatments were performed in a single session.

Correction to: Persistent poor glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes in developing countries: 12 years of real-world evidence of the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS).

Unfortunately, the standard deviations for 'last HbA measurement' in mmol/mol were miscalculated in Table 1 of this paper.

A generalized within-host model of dengue infection with a non-constant monocyte production rate.

In this paper, we generalize a previous model of within-host dengue infection with a nonconstant monocyte production rate. We establish the existence of three equilibria and give some local stability results. We then estimate three parameters in the model from clinical data for dengue virus serotype 2.

Persistent poor glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes in developing countries: 12 years of real-world evidence of the International Diabetes Management Practices Study (IDMPS).

Aims/hypothesis: We evaluated the secular trend of glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes in developing countries, where data are limited.

Methods: The International Diabetes Management Practices Study provides real-world evidence of patient profiles and diabetes care practices in developing countries in seven cross-sectional waves (2005-2017). At each wave, each physician collected data from ten consecutive participants with type 2 diabetes during a 2 week period.

Efficacy and Safety of iGlarLixi, Fixed-Ratio Combination of Insulin Glargine and Lixisenatide, Compared with Basal-Bolus Regimen in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Propensity Score Matched Analysis.

Introduction: Basal-bolus (BB) regimens are generally used to intensify basal insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) not meeting glycemic targets. However, drawbacks include multiple injection burden and risk of weight gain and hypoglycemia. A once-daily titratable fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine 100 U/mL and lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) may provide a simple, well-tolerated, and efficacious alternative.

Topological properties and in vitro identification of essential nodes of the Paclitaxel and Vincristine interactomes in PC-3 cells.

Background: Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) disrupt microtubule dynamics, thereby inducing apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway activation through the modulation in the expression of the Bcl-2 family.

Methods: To describe topological features of the MTAs networks associated to intrinsic apoptosis induction in p53-null prostate cancer cells, we predicted and compared the interactomes and topological properties of Paclitaxel and Vincristine, and thus, the essential nodes corresponding with the pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and their kinetics were subjected to experimental analysis in PC-3 cell line.

Results: The essential nodes of the apoptotic pathways, TP53, and CASP3, were identified in both, Paclitaxel and Vincristine networks, but the intrinsic pathway markers BCL2, BAX, and BCL2L1 were identified as hub nodes only in the Paclitaxel network.

Insulin Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Since the discovery of insulin, it was the only drug available for the treatment of diabetes until the development of sulfonylureas and biguanides 50 years later. But even with the availability of oral glucose-lowering drugs, insulin supplementation was often needed to achieve good glucose control in type 2 diabetes. Insulin NPH became the basal insulin therapy of choice and adding NPH to metformin and/or sulfonylureas became the standard of care until basal insulin analogs were developed and new glucose-lowering drugs became available.

Painless osteoid osteoma in the maxilla of an elderly female patient.

Osteoid osteoma is an osteoblastic benign bone tumor more frequent in long bones of young male patients. It is the third most commonly diagnosed benign bone tumor and has distinctive symptomatology, nocturnal pain that relieves with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Nowadays, total resection is the preferred management.

Scientific Productivity and Cancer-Related Mortality: A Case Study of a Positive Association in Colombia.

Purpose: Cancer morbidity represents an increasing public health issue; this worldwide phenomenon also is true for emerging upper-middle-income countries, such as Colombia. The main purpose of this study was to uncover the relationship between scientific productivity and cancer-related mortality in our setting.

Methods: We conducted a temporal-trend ecologic study by means of bibliometric analysis from records of publications from SCOPUS database with Colombian institutional affiliations between 2000 and 2015.

Using Participatory Design Methodologies to Co-Design and Culturally Adapt the Spanish Version of the Mental Health eClinic: Qualitative Study.

Background: The Mental Health eClinic (MHeC) aims to deliver best-practice clinical services to young people experiencing mental health problems by making clinical care accessible, affordable, and available to young people whenever and wherever they need it most. The original MHeC consists of home page with a visible triage system for those requiring urgent help; a online physical and mental health self-report assessment; a results dashboard; a booking and videoconferencing system; and the generation of a personalized well-being plan. Populations who do not speak English and reside in English-speaking countries are less likely to receive mental health care.

A novel hypothesis based on clinical, radiological, and histological data to explain the dentinogenesis imperfecta type II phenotype.

: The aim of this study was to explore whether dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI)-related aberrations are detectable in odontogenic tissues. : Morphological and histological analyses were carried out on 3 teeth (two maxillary 1 molars, one maxillary central incisor) extracted from a patient with DGI Type II. A maxillary 2 molar teeth extracted from a healthy patient was used as control.

External validation of the Finnish diabetes risk score in Venezuela using a national sample: The EVESCAM.

Aims: To evaluate the performance of the Latin American Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (LA-FINDRISC) compared with the original O-FINDRISC in general population. To establish the best cut-off to detect unknown type 2 diabetes (uT2D) and prediabetes.

Methods: The EVESCAM was a national population-based, cross-sectional, randomized cluster sampling study, which assessed 3454 adults from July 2014 to January 2017.

Dengue, chikungunya and zika virus coinfection: results of the national surveillance during the zika epidemic in Colombia.

Our objective was to determine the frequency of zika (ZIKV), chikungunya (CHIKV) and dengue (DENV) virus coinfection and describe the mortality cases that occurred during the epidemiologic surveillance of the ZIKV epidemic in Colombia. We analysed all cases of suspected ZIKV infection that were reported to the National Institute of Health (October 2015-December 2016). DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV RNA were detected in serum or tissue samples using polymerase chain reaction assay.

How Long does it Take to Examine Young Children with the Caries ICDAS System and how do they Respond?

A caries-epidemiological study using the ICDASepi-merged system was conducted in Colombian young children. This study aimed at associating the time needed for the clinical examination of caries and caries risk in 1 to 5-year-old children according to age and caries risk, and to assess behavior and child pain self-perception during examination according to age. After IRB approval and given parents/caregivers' informed consent, seven trained examiners assessed 1 to 5-year olds in kindergartens under local field conditions.

Scleroderma Renal Crisis Debute with Thrombotic Microangiopathy: A Successful Case Treated with Eculizumab.

We had the challenged to treat a 40-year-old female with Systemic Scleroderma who was showing unspecific symptoms. During her time at the hospital she rapidly develops renal dysfunction, associated with hypertension. She required renal replacement therapy initiation and we observed a decline in hemoglobin and platelets numbers.

The Stuck Song Syndrome: A Case of Musical Obsessions.

BACKGROUND Historically, clinical researchers have underestimated the prevalence and importance of musical obsessions, which are defined as intrusive, repetitive, persistent sounds or tunes, not controlled by the will, that cause clinically significant anxiety and distress. Musical obsessions have also been described as the "stuck song syndrome" and their prevalence is not clearly established, because few cases have been reported. CASE REPORT This study reports a case of a 32-year-old female with a history of musical obsessions over the course of 12 years.

Diabetes education and health insurance: How they affect the quality of care provided to people with type 1 diabetes in Latin America. Data from the International Diabetes Mellitus Practices Study (IDMPS).

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of diabetes education and access to healthcare coverage on disease management and outcomes in Latin America.

Methods: Data were obtained from a sub-analysis of 2693 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus recruited from 9 Latin American countries as part of the International Diabetes Mellitus Practices Study (IDMPS), a multinational, observational survey of diabetes treatment in developing regions.

Results: Results from the Latin American cohort show that only 25% of participants met HbA1c target value (< 7% [53 mmol/mol]).

Global status of diabetes prevention and prospects for action: A consensus statement.

Primary prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be achievable through the implementation of early and sustainable measures. Several randomized control studies that found success in preventing the progression to T2D in high-risk populations have identified early and intensive intervention based on an individualized prevention model as the key factor for participant benefit. The global prevalence of both overweight and obesity has now been widely recognized as the major epidemic of the 21st century.

Postictal neurogenic pulmonary edema: Case report and brief literature review.

Cardiopulmonary complications associated with epilepsy are generally associated with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, as a consequence of systemic adrenergic discharge and release of inflammatory mediators. We present a case of a 34-year-old woman with a history of Focal epilepsy since adolescence, who presented self-limited pulmonary edema following a focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure with subsequent resolution of the symptoms. We also made a brief review of neurogenic pulmonary edema, its proposed pathophysiology, treatment and its relation with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).

Knowledge about emergency dental trauma management among school teachers in Colombia: A baseline study to develop an education strategy.

Background/aim: Dental trauma in school populations has a high frequency and school teachers are often close to the place where such injuries occur. However, many studies have confirmed the lack of knowledge as to how to act in these cases. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge in regard to dental trauma of school teachers in Colombia.