[How I do it: myelomeningocele in bolivia].

Introduction: Neural Tube Defects (NTD) are the second congenital malformation, second only to cardiac malformations. Myelomeningocele (MMCL) is the most frequent NTD and the more complex. In Bolivia, like in many countries in South America, the low socio economical level of the population increases its incidences and complicates its management.

Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst: a comparative analysis between children and adults.

Purpose: Abdominal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pseudocyst is a rare but important complication in patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS). In addition to presenting our experience, we performed a comparative analysis between children and adults with this entity. To the author's knowledge, there are no studies in which this condition has been compared.

The history of neurosurgery in Bolivia and pediatric neurosurgery in Santa Cruz de la Sierra.

The practice of neurosurgery in Bolivia began thousands of years ago with skull trepanation. This procedure dates from the earliest period of the Tiwanaku culture, a preInca civilization. Neurosurgical development in Bolivia has its origins in the late 19(th) century and can be divided in two stages.

Survival of child after lion attack.

Background: Injuries to humans caused by attacks from large predators are very rare, especially in the United States, Europe, or Latin America. A few cases were reported on accidents in zoos or animal farms, being very uncommon in children. The purposes of this report include describing the case of a child who sustained an attack by a lion named "Bang-Bang", which resulted in injuries to the head, chest, and abdomen, as well as the subsequent neurosurgical treatment and providing a review of the literature.