The utilization and demographic characteristics of in-hospital rehabilitation for acute vestibular neuritis in Japan.

Objective: To investigate the utilization and demographic characteristics of in-hospital rehabilitation for patients with acute vestibular neuritis using the Japan Medical Data Center (JMDC) database.

Methods: We gathered information on patients that were at least 20 years of age who were admitted with a diagnosis of VN (ICD-10 code: H81.2).

Effects of In-Hospital Rehabilitation on Preventing Hospital Readmissions in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of rehabilitation on hospital readmissions in patients with cirrhosis.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Acute hospitals.

Quantitative analysis of approximate shapes in a myofiber cross-section and their relationship with myofiber cross-sectional area.

[Purpose] Although the shapes observed in myofiber cross-sections have been subjectively identified as polygonal, precise methodologies to classify such shapes have not been elucidated previously. Therefore, we aimed to determine the approximate shapes found in myofiber cross-sections, and to elucidate their relationship with the myofiber cross-sectional area. [Materials and Methods] Soleus muscles of five 11-week-old male Wistar rats were collected as specimens.

Incidence of spinal instability among patients with discogenic low back pain with different backgrounds.

[Purpose] To investigate the incidence of spinal instability among patients with discogenic low back pain and its various effects with respect to the patients' age, gender, sports activity, and occupation. [Participants and Methods] We assessed 65 patients diagnosed with discogenic low back pain at our clinic between May 2016 and May 2020. After measuring segmental angulation using plain radiographs, we divided these patients into two groups: (1) instability group with >10° of segmental angulation or >3 mm of sagittal translation and (2) stability group with <10° of segmental angulation and <3 mm of sagittal translation.

Relationship between physical activity and dizziness handicap inventory in patients with dizziness -A multivariate analysis.

Objective: A few studies have analyzed the physical activity in patients with dizziness. Levels of physical activity using 3-axial accelerometer were reported to be lower in patients with chronic dizziness compared to healthy adults. However, the sample size was small and confounding factors were not adjusted in the study.

Heat shock response enhanced by cell culture treatment in mouse embryonic stem cell-derived proliferating neural stem cells.

Cells have a regulatory mechanism known as heat shock (HS) response, which induces the expression of HS genes and proteins in response to heat and other cellular stresses. Exposure to moderate HS results in beneficial effects, such as thermotolerance and promotes survival, whereas excessive HS causes cell death. The effect of HS on cells depends on both exogenous factors, including the temperature and duration of heat application, and endogenous factors, such as the degree of cell differentiation.

Association of height loss with falls and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older women.

Objectives: Height loss is associated with vertebral fracture risk and osteoporosis. We assumed that height loss may indicate the risk of falls because the presence of osteoporosis is significantly associated with sarcopenia development. We studied the association of height loss with falls and sarcopenia.

Gastrocnemius thickness by ultrasonography indicates the low skeletal muscle mass in Japanese elderly people.

Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between gastrocnemius thickness by ultrasonography and the skeletal muscle mass in Japanese elderly people.

Methods: The total of 195 healthy Japanese aged ≥65 years participated (average age, 72.4 ± 4.

Kinematic gait asymmetry assessment using joint angle data in patients with chronic stroke-A normalized cross-correlation approach.

Background: Gait asymmetry is an important characteristic often studied in stroke patients. Several methods have been used to define gait asymmetry using joint angles. However, these methods may require normative data from healthy individuals as reference points.

Larger, but not better, motor adaptation ability inherent in medicated Parkinson's disease patients revealed by a smart-device-based study.

Generating appropriate motor commands is an essential brain function. To achieve proper motor control in diverse situations, predicting future states of the environment and body and modifying the prediction are indispensable. The internal model is a promising hypothesis about brain function for generating and modifying the prediction.

Development of a Point System to Predict Discharge to Home for Acute Stroke Patients.

Background: While in an acute hospital setting, it is challenging for clinicians to make discharge decisions due to the multifactorial process and individual patient characteristics.

Objective: To evaluate and develop a scoring system utilizing the Japan Rehabilitation Database (JRD) to identify acute stroke patients with a high possibility of discharge to home.

Design: Retrospective observational cohort study.

Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation for impairment and disability in people after stroke.

Background: Repetitive peripheral magnetic stimulation (rPMS) is a non-invasive treatment method that can penetrate to deeper structures with painless stimulation to improve motor function in people with physical impairment due to brain or nerve disorders. rPMS for people after stroke has proved to be a feasible approach to improving activities of daily living and functional ability. However, the effectiveness and safety of this intervention for people after stroke currently remain uncertain.

Somatosensory regulation of resting muscle blood flow and physical therapy.

Somatosensory stimulation can affect skeletal muscle blood flow (MBF) at rest in anesthetized animals via pressor reflex response or antidromic and local vasodilation. Increase in MBF due to reflex pressor response occurs generally in the skeletal muscles of the entire body, while antidromic and local vasodilation are limited to the peripheral stimulation site. Since increased MBF improves several disorders (muscle stiffness, pain, etc.

Postoperative atrial fibrillation is associated with delayed early rehabilitation after heart valve surgery: a multicenter study.

Objective: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after cardiac surgery. The aim of this multicenter study was to determine the relationship between POAF and patients' progress in early rehabilitation after heart valve surgery.

Methods: We enrolled 302 patients (mean age, 69±10 years) who had undergone heart valve surgery.

Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor stimulates prolactin expression in primary culture of the mouse pituitary gland.

The roles of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the regulation of prolactin (PRL) gene expression in the normal pituitary gland remain poorly understood. In the present study, the effects of EGF and an inhibitor of the EGF receptor, erlotinib, on PRL gene expression were examined both in the pituitary tumour cell line GH3 and in a primary culture of the mouse pituitary gland under similar experimental conditions. The results showed that EGF stimulated PRL expression in GH3 cells, but not in normal cells.

Effectiveness of Intensive Rehabilitation Therapy on Functional Outcomes After Stroke: A Propensity Score Analysis Based on Japan Rehabilitation Database.

Aim: To examine the association of the amount of rehabilitation with functional gains of elderly stroke patients at a convalescent rehabilitation ward using propensity score analysis methods and the Japan Rehabilitation Database.

Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study. From the database, 6875 patients who were admitted to the convalescent rehabilitation wards with stroke were identified.

Factors related to physical functioning decline after cardiac surgery in older patients: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background: As few studies have examined physical functioning changes after cardiac surgery, the factors related to the decline in physical functioning remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the factors related to physical functioning decline after cardiac surgery in older patients.

Methods: The final study sample consisted of 523 older (≥65 years) patients (age 74.

Rate of torque development and the risk of falls among community dwelling older adults in Japan.

Background: Rate of torque development (RTD) is defined as the slope of the torque-time curve obtained during an isometric contraction. Several studies have shown that RTD is lower in fallers than in nonfallers. However, these studies had small sample size and was not adjusted confounding factors.

Impact of preoperative frailty on regaining walking ability in patients after cardiac surgery: Multicenter cohort study in Japan.

Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between preoperative frailty and the reacquisition of walking ability in patients after cardiac surgery.

Methods: 450 patients who underwent cardiac surgery were included as subjects. We implemented the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) before surgery and classified subjects into three groups according to the SPPB score: SPPB 10-12, SPPB 7-9, and SPPB 0-6.

Conclusiveness of Cochrane Reviews in physiotherapy: a systematic search and analytical review.

Numerous Cochrane Reviews (CRs) in the field of physiotherapy have been published, but their conclusiveness has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview and describe the conclusiveness of evidence from CRs regarding physiotherapy. We conducted a systematic search using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews in the Cochrane Library from 2008 through 2017 in the field of physiotherapy, the Physical Rehabilitation Evidence Database, and the CRs list on the Cochrane Rehabilitation website.

The impact of malnutrition on efficacy of resistance training in community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: Few studies have focused on the effect of resistance training under conditions of malnutrition in older adults requiring long-term care. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of nutritional status in older adults on resistance training-induced changes in physical performance.

Methods: A total of 91 community-dwelling older adults participated in 24 weeks of resistance training.