Life Course Epidemiology of Hip Osteoarthritis in Japan: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in Japanese newborns has reduced drastically following a primary prevention campaign initiated around 1972 to 1973; this perinatal education campaign promoted maintaining the hips of newborns in the naturally flexed-leg position. The purpose of the present study was to describe the life course epidemiology of hip osteoarthritis (OA) in adolescent and adult patients and to assess its association with exposure to the primary prevention campaign for DDH.

Methods: We included new patients with hip OA diagnosed from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, at 12 core hospitals (8 special-function hospitals and 4 regional medical care support hospitals).

Repair of Tortuous Distal Aortic Arch Aneurysm in a 1-Year-Old Girl With PHACE Syndrome.

Herein, we describe a 21-month-old girl with PHACE syndrome (posterior fossa hemangiomas, arterial lesions, cardiac anomalies/coarctation of the aorta, and eye anomalies) who presented with a tortuous extensive aortic arch aneurysm. As the maximum short diameter of the distal aortic arch aneurysm expanded rapidly from 21 mm to 25 mm in only 5 months, we performed extensive aortic arch reconstruction with interposition graft replacement through a left thoracotomy under partial cardiopulmonary bypass.

Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome following Acute Type A Aortic Dissection.

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)-related disease that manifests as a triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI) and is caused by uncontrolled activation of the complement system. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with acute type A aortic dissection that subsequently developed into aHUS. The hematologic disorders underlying aHUS improved after treatment with the complement inhibitor eculizumab.

Clarithromycin Plus Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy Can Reduce the Relapse Rate of Kawasaki Disease: A Phase 2, Open-Label, Randomized Control Study.

Background: We previously reported that biofilms and innate immunity contribute to the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease. Therefore, we aimed to assess the efficacy of clarithromycin, an antibiofilm agent, in patients with Kawasaki disease.

Methods And Results: We conducted an open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase 2 trial at 8 hospitals in Japan.