Original article: Efficacy and safety of single-dose suraxavir marboxil tablet in the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in adults: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of suraxavir marboxil (GP681, abbreviated as suraxavir) in adults with uncomplicated influenza.

Methods: We conducted a multi-center randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in 18 Chinese centers. Participants had to be aged 18-65 years with positive influenza test, presenting with at least one influenza systemic and respiratory symptoms in at least moderate severity within 48 hours of onset.

Compensatory mechanisms underlying arginine vasopressin regulation in transient polyuria during pregnancy.

Transient polyuria during pregnancy is reportedly caused by increased arginine vasopressin (AVP) degradation due to vasopressinase produced by the placenta. The mechanism underlying transient polyuria during pregnancy has not been established. In this study we measured urine volume, urine osmolality, and AVP transcriptional activity during pregnancy in wild-type and familial neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus (FNDI) mice.

Whole-brain gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy of the posterior thalamic radiation and sagittal stratum in healthy adults correlate with the local environment.

The impacts of air pollution, local climate, and urbanization on human health have been well-documented in recent studies. In this study, we combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain analysis with a questionnaire survey on the local environment in 141 healthy middle-aged men and women. Our findings reveal that a favorable environment is positively correlated with gray matter volume (GMV) in the frontal and occipital lobes, cerebellum, and whole brain, as well as with fractional anisotropy (FA) in the fornix (including the fornix stria terminalis), posterior thalamic radiation (PTR), sagittal stratum (SS), and whole brain.

A fatal case of enterovirus A71-induced meningoencephalitis following allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is a major pathogen responsible for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in infants and children. EV-A71 infection represents an epidemic in the Asia-Pacific region, and can cause serious central nervous system (CNS) infections in immunocompromised patients that can result in paralysis, disability, or death. There have been few reports in the literature concerning EV-A71 CNS infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in adult patients.

The Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Color Map for Evaluating a Large Ischemic Core.

Introduction: Our previous work demonstrated that evaluating large ischemic cores using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) could predict EVT outcomes, with the most frequent ADC (peak ADC) ≥520×10 mm/s associated with better clinical results. Since the degree of ADC reduction reflects the severity of ischemic stress, this study aimed to assess the utility of an ADC color map in visualizing this stress.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with a low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) who underwent successful EVT recanalization between April 2014 and March 2023.

Involvement of nuclear atrophy of binucleated hepatocytes in the large micronucleus formation induced by rat hepatocarcinogen acetamide.

Acetamide is a hepatocarcinogen in rats. We previously revealed that acetamide induces characteristic large micronuclei in rat liver, suggesting the possible involvement of chromosome aberrations in acetamide-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. To elucidate the mechanism of large micronuclei formation, in this study we examined time-dependent changes in rat hepatocytes after administration of acetamide.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of acyl glucuronide metabolites in human liver microsomes correlates to the risk of idiosyncratic drug toxicity.

Acyl glucuronide (AG) is a reactive metabolite that causes idiosyncratic drug toxicity (IDT). Although the instability of AG is used to predict the IDT risk of novel drug candidates, it sometimes overestimates the IDT risk. We investigated whether the rate of enzymatic AG hydrolysis in human liver microsomes (HLM) can predict the risk of IDT.

Radiological characteristics of the knee in young patients with medial meniscus horizontal tears.

Introduction: We aimed to assess medial meniscal (MM) healing and horizontal tear (HT) repair in the knees of young patients.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 37 knees of 35 patients (mean age: 28.0 ± 10.

Single-cell RNA sequencing and machine learning provide candidate drugs against drug-tolerant persister cells in colorectal cancer.

Drug resistance often stems from drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells in cancer. These cells arise from various lineages and exhibit complex dynamics. However, effectively targeting DTP cells remains challenging.

Ethanol fermentation of tapioca wastewater in anaerobic baffled reactor: Performance evaluation and microbial community analysis.

Anaerobic treatment of tapioca wastewater has a long processing time. This study aims to evaluate ethanol fermentation as an effective treatment of tapioca wastewater. Simulated tapioca wastewater with an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 6900 mg L was treated in a four-column anaerobic baffled reactor for 300 d.

Comparison of temporary mechanical circulatory support devices for patients with cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Despite the high mortality of cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction (AMI-CS), the comparative efficacy and safety of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in patients with AMI-CS is unknown. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of various MCS with initial medical therapy for AMI-CS patients.

Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE in July 2024.

Psychological Responses Among Individuals Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery.

This study elucidated how previous surgery experience, coping, and optimism influenced the mood of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. Additionally, it examined the relationships among age, preoperative mood, and postoperative mood. Sixty-four patients (n = 42 men, n = 22 women; age range = 18-51 y) who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery at one hospital in western Japan completed questionnaires before and after surgery.

Influences of upper limb orthosis on trunk muscle activity during static and dynamic sitting tasks for hemiparetic stroke.

Background: We aimed to clarify the immediate effect of wearing the Omo Neurexa upper limb suspended orthosis (Ottobock Japan, Tokyo, Japan) on trunk muscle activity during seated tasks.

Methods: Fifteen participants with upper limb hemiparesis were included. Surface electromyography of the thoracic and lumbar erector spinae and the external oblique muscles was performed.

Association of sleep-wake state discrepancy and depressive symptoms with restorative sleep in patients with depression.

Objective: One of the common symptoms of mood disorders is insomnia, and the recovery processes can be negatively impacted by a lack of restorative sleep. Although factors related to restorative sleep in healthy subjects have been investigated, evaluations of these factors in patients with depression have been rarely done. Patients with depression are known to have sleep-wake state discrepancy, which can further influence their restorative sleep beyond that associated with depressive symptoms.

Identification and quantification of soybean 11S and 7S globulins using RP-UPLC.

Variations in the proportions of the two major soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed globulins, glycinin (11S) and β-conglycinin (7S), significantly affect the nutritional and functional properties of soy-based products, but comprehensive methods for the identification and quantification of individual subunits of these proteins are currently lacking.

Quantification of micro- and nano-plastics in atmospheric fine particles by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with chromatographic peak reconstruction.

The effects of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) on human health are of global concern because MNPs are ubiquitous, persistent, and potentially toxic, particularly when bound to atmospheric fine particles (PM). Traditional quantitative analysis of MNPs by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) is often inaccurate because of false positive signals caused by similar polymers and organic compounds. In this study, a reliable analytical strategy combining HNO digestion and chromatographic peak reconstruction was developed to improve the precision of pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of multiple MNPs bound to PM.

Understanding the Topology Freezing Temperature of Vitrimer-Like Materials through Complementary Structural and Rheological Analyses for Phase-Separated Network.

Vitrimers are sustainable cross-linked polymers characterized by an associative bond exchange mechanism within their network. A well-known feature of vitrimers is the Arrhenius dependence of the viscosity or relaxation time. Another important aspect is the existence of a topology-freezing temperature (), which represents a transition between the viscoelastic solid state and the malleable viscoelastic liquid state.

Digital Gaming and Subsequent Health and Well-Being Among Older Adults: Longitudinal Outcome-Wide Analysis.

Background: Digital gaming has become increasingly popular among older adults, potentially offering cognitive, social, and physical benefits. However, its broader impact on health and well-being, particularly in real-world settings, remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the multidimensional effects of digital gaming on health and well-being among older adults, using data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study conducted in Matsudo City, Chiba, Japan.

Dural perforation and life-threatening central nervous system complications associated with septic arthritis of the lumbar facet joint: illustrative case.

Background: Septic arthritis of the lumbar facet joint (SALFJ) is a rare condition that can lead to serious complications. The authors present an uncommon case in which SALFJ resulted in bacterial meningitis (BM) with hydrocephalus and pyogenic ventriculitis, causing a disturbance of consciousness. Reports describing perforation of the dura mater by an epidural abscess are rare, and the present case offers valuable insights into the management of complex and severe complications arising from SALFJ.

Relativistic CASPT2/RASPT2 Program along with DIRAC Software.

Exploring electronic states in actinide compounds is a critical aspect of nuclear science. However, considering relativistic effects and electron correlation in theoretical calculations poses a complex challenge. To tackle this, we developed the CASPT2/RASPT2 program along with the DIRAC program, enabling calculations of electron correlation methods using multiconfigurational perturbation theory with various relativistic Hamiltonians.