Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen-Substituted Graphdiyne on Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Glass Substrates Using a Cu Sandwich Technique.

Hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne (HsGDY) is a two-dimensional material with an sp-sp carbon skeleton featuring a band gap and a porous structure that enhances ion diffusion. In previous reports, HsGDY growth was limited to metal substrates such as Cu, which then required transfer. Here, we developed a sandwich method that allows HsGDY to be grown directly on the target substrate.

Suppressive effect of vitamin K (menatetrenone) against bone mineral density loss after radiotherapy in uterine cancer patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether vitamin K (menatetrenone) suppresses bone mineral density (BMD) loss in the irradiated region after radiotherapy (RT) in uterine cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Our study included 34 patients who underwent whole pelvic irradiation for uterine cancer between 2001 and 2010. The patients were categorized in two groups: (1) Vitamin K (45 mg/day) administration group (group A) with 18 cases and (2) non-administered group (group B) with 16 cases.

Abdominal hemorrhage and vascular fragility associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.

We report a case of recurrent abdominal bleeding associated with vascular fragility in a 67-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed hemorrhagic ascites and a pseudoaneurysm of the sigmoid colon artery, which was suspected to be the source of bleeding. Emergency laparotomy confirmed extremely fragile vessels, requiring repeated surgeries for recurrent bleeding.

Usefulness of four-dimensional noise reduction filtering using a similarity algorithm in low-dose dynamic computed tomography for the evaluation of breast cancer: a preliminary study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of four-dimensional noise reduction filtering using a similarity algorithm (4D-SF) on the image quality and tumor visibility of low-dose dynamic computed tomography (CT) in evaluating breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four patients with 38 lesions who underwent low-dose dynamic breast CT and were pathologically diagnosed with breast cancer were enrolled. Dynamic CT images were reconstructed using iterative reconstruction alone or in combination with 4D-SF.

Focusing surface phonon-polaritons for tunable thermal radiation.

We demonstrate unprecedented control and enhancement of thermal radiation using subwavelength conical membranes of silicon nitride. Based on fluctuational electrodynamics, we find that the focusing of surface phonon-polaritons along these membranes enhances their far-field thermal conductance by three orders of magnitude over the blackbody limit. Our calculations reveal a non-monotonic dependence of the thermal conductance on membrane geometry, with a characteristic radiation plateau emerging at small front widths due to competing effects of the polariton focusing and radiative area.

Successful use of avacopan in a case of ANCA-associated vasculitis with treatment-resistant medium-sized vessel involvement.

We report the case of a 75-year-old woman who presented with fever, right back pain, paresthesia in the right extremities, erythema, purpura, and nodules. She had previously initiated dialysis due to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and was transferred to our hospital. Imaging studies revealed multiple cerebral and splenic infarcts and hemorrhage encapsulating the right kidney, likely due to microaneurysms in multiple renal arteries.

Treatment strategies for soft tissue injuries associated with blunt brachial artery injury.

Introduction: Blunt brachial artery injuries (BAI) require reconstruction with an extensive vein graft due to the wide area of arterial damage. In the upper arm, safe options for pedicle flaps are limited, and selecting recipient vessels for free-flap surgery is challenging, complicating the treatment of soft tissue injuries associated with blunt BAI. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics and soft tissue reconstruction of blunt BAI and propose treatment strategies for treating associated soft tissue injuries.

Rapid human oogonia-like cell specification via transcription factor-directed differentiation.

The generation of germline cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represents a milestone toward in vitro gametogenesis. Methods to recapitulate germline development beyond primordial germ cells in vitro have relied on long-term cell culture, such as 3-dimensional organoid co-culture for ~four months. Using a pipeline with highly parallelized screening, this study identifies combinations of TFs that directly and rapidly convert hiPSCs to induced oogonia-like cells (iOLCs).

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks on Multiclass Classification of Three-Dimensional Brain Images for Parkinson's Disease Stage Prediction.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, is commonly diagnosed using functional medical imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In this study, we utilized two SPECT data sets (n = 634 and n = 202) from different hospitals to develop a model capable of accurately predicting PD stages, a multiclass classification task. We used the entire three-dimensional (3D) brain images as input and experimented with various model architectures.

Elevated A2F bisect N-glycans of serum IgA reflect progression of liver fibrosis in patients with MASLD.

Background: Advanced liver fibrosis in cases of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The current gold standard for liver fibrosis is invasive liver biopsy. Therefore, a less invasive biomarker that accurately reflects the stage of liver fibrosis is highly desirable.

Constitutive expression of Cas9 and rapamycin-inducible Cre recombinase facilitates conditional genome editing in Plasmodium berghei.

Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium and remains a global health concern. The parasite has a highly adaptable life cycle comprising successive rounds of asexual replication in a vertebrate host and sexual maturation in the mosquito vector Anopheles. Genetic manipulation of the parasite has been instrumental for deciphering the function of Plasmodium genes.

Colonoscopic administration of probiotics to treat irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: To investigate the effects of colonoscopic administration of probiotics on patients with irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) by a single-center, randomized-controlled trial.

Methods: Consecutive outpatients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University who met the Rome IV diagnostic criteria for IBS-D (n = 22) and healthy subjects (n = 10) from January 2017 to January 2018 were enrolled. IBS-D patients were randomly divided into either the probiotics or the placebo group.

Pharmacological and structural insights into nanvuranlat, a selective LAT1 (SLC7A5) inhibitor, and its N-acetyl metabolite with implications for cancer therapy.

L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1, SLC7A5), overexpressed in various cancers, mediates the uptake of essential amino acids crucial for tumor growth. It has emerged as a promising target for cancer therapy. Nanvuranlat (JPH203/KYT-0353), a LAT1 inhibitor, has shown antitumor activity in preclinical studies and efficacy in biliary tract cancer during clinical trials.

Comparison of outcomes with and without intrastent placement during PMS surgery.

To assess the efficacy of using a nylon suture as a stent in the PreserFlo MicroShunt (PMS) lumen to prevent postoperative hypotony, 59 eyes that underwent PMS implantation with follow-up for > 6 months were analyzed. Patients were divided into no intrastenting (NST) and intrastenting (ST) groups, with the ST group subdivided into 9 - 0 nylon suture fully placed (9 F), 9 - 0 nylon suture placement in only half of the lumen (9 H), 10 - 0 nylon suture fully placed (10 F), and 10 - 0 nylon suture placement in only half of the lumen (10 H). The distribution was as follows: 23 eyes in the NST group, 10 in the 9 F group, 9 in the 9 H group, 11 in the 10 F group, and 6 in the 10 H group.

Simultaneous multimodal measures for aesthetic evaluation of furniture color and form.

The tendency toward the aesthetic preference affects an individual's intention to purchase furniture. Color and form are two fundamental elements of furniture appearance. However, there is a significant lack of human-computer interaction research on the aesthetic evaluation of furniture with various colors and forms, necessitating a comprehensive study to provide theoretical and empirical support to furniture designers and businesses.

Magmatic evolution of the Kikai caldera revealed by zircon triple dating and its chemistry.

Reconstructing the volcanic history of the Kikai caldera, a large active volcano that produced a ~ 160 km eruption at 7.3 ka off the southern coast of Kyushu Island (southwest Japan), is crucial to assess potential future volcanic hazards at both regional and global scales. However, revealing its volcanic history before the 7.

Cushing syndrome.

Cushing syndrome (CS) is a constellation of signs and symptoms caused by excessive exposure to exogenous or endogenous glucocorticoid hormones. Endogenous CS is caused by increased cortisol production by one or both adrenal glands (adrenal CS) or by elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from a pituitary tumour (Cushing disease (CD)) or non-pituitary tumour (ectopic ACTH secretion), which stimulates excessive cortisol production. CS is associated with severe multisystem morbidity, including impaired cardiovascular and metabolic function, infections and neuropsychiatric disorders, which notably reduce quality of life.

Rosae Multiflorae Fructus Extracts Regulate the Differentiation and Vascular Endothelial Cell-mediated Proliferation of Keratinocytes.

Keratinocytes are the primary component of the epidermis, so maintaining the precise balance between proliferation and differentiation is essential for conserving epidermal structure and function. Rosae multiflorae fructus extract (RMFE) has wide application in the cosmetic industry, but the molecular mechanisms underlying beneficial effects on keratinocytes are still not fully understood. In this study, we found that RMFE promoted epidermal differentiation and enhanced the barrier function of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and three-dimensional epidermis model in culture.

Real-world effectiveness of mepolizumab in Japanese asthma patients with diverse backgrounds: Improvements in rhinosinusitis imaging (J-Real-Mepo).

Background: Although randomized controlled trials (RCT) have demonstrated the efficacy of mepolizumab for asthma, they have excluded certain patient subgroups. To bridge the gap between RCT and real-world practice, the effectiveness of mepolizumab in a diverse population, including those potentially excluded from RCT, was assessed. Its effects on imaging findings and symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with asthma were also assessed.

Incidence and Outcomes of Secondary Bladder Cancer Following Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: There is an established association between secondary bladder cancers (SBCs) and radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer (PC), which remains a significant concern. Our aim was to update the evidence on SBC incidence across different RT modalities and to compare oncological outcomes for patients diagnosed with SBC to those diagnosed with primary bladder cancer (PBC).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies on SBC following PC.

KDIGO 2025 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation, management, and treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD): executive summary.

The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation, Management, and Treatment of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) represents the first KDIGO guideline on this subject. Its scope includes nomenclature, diagnosis, prognosis, and prevalence; kidney manifestations; chronic kidney disease (CKD) management and progression, kidney failure, and kidney replacement therapy; therapies to delay progression of kidney disease; polycystic liver disease; intracranial aneurysms and other extrarenal manifestations; lifestyle and psychosocial aspects; pregnancy and reproductive issues; pediatric issues; and approaches to the management of people with ADPKD. The guideline has been developed with patient partners, clinicians, and researchers around the world, with the goal to generate a useful resource for healthcare providers and patients by providing actionable recommendations.

When two signals cross paths: cGAS-STING and ER stress in kidney disease progression.

Previous reports have suggested that both the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes pathways contribute to the progression of chronic kidney disease; however, the relationship between these 2 pathways in kidney injury has not been fully elucidated. Andrade-Silva et al. revealed that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes pathway can enhance ER stress through the protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK)-mediated signaling cascade in kidney tubular epithelial cells and sequentially augment fibrosis during kidney injury.