Magnesium phosphates experienced high-temperature transition found on the CI-like carbonaceous chondrite Yamato 980115 by Raman microspectroscopy.

Magnesium phosphate grains, minor accessory minerals found on the primitive meteorite Yamato 980115 (Y 980115), were investigated by Raman microspectroscopy. All magnesium phosphate grains found in the present study can be assigned to farringtonite, dehydrated magnesium phosphate Mg(PO)-I. Since the Mg(PO)-I is generally formed via the irreversible thermal transition from the polymorphs of Mg(PO)-II and -III at above 750-800 degree Celsius, we can infer that the parent body of the Y 980115 meteorites experienced thermal alteration with such a high temperature.

Novel insights into estimating the postmortem interval: red cell distribution width - standard deviation.

Estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI) is highly significant, and many estimation methods have been developed. However, as no estimation method is determinate, several methods must be combined to achieve an accurate estimation. Therefore, the more methods available, the more accurate the estimation.

Progression of the Residual Lesion in Cavernous Sinus Extra-Axial Cavernous Hemangioma After Surgery.

Our study aimed to investigate the factors associated with residual cavernous sinus extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas (ECHs) progression after surgery. This retrospective study consecutively included patients of cavernous sinus ECHs with incomplete lesion resection from February 2012 to January 2024. The progression of the lesions was defined as new lesions or a growth of residual lesion (≥ 10% increase in volume).

Transition Metal Carbonitride MXenes Anchored with Pt Sub-Nanometer Clusters to Achieve High-Performance Hydrogen Evolution Reaction at All pH Range.

Transition metal carbides, known as MXenes, particularly TiCT, have been extensively explored as promising materials for electrochemical reactions. However, transition metal carbonitride MXenes with high nitrogen content for electrochemical reactions are rarely reported. In this work, transition metal carbonitride MXenes incorporated with Pt-based electrocatalysts, ranging from single atoms to sub-nanometer dimensions, are explored for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Acute aortic dissection during minimally invasive cardiac surgery: a case report.

Background: Management of acute aortic dissection (AAD) caused by retrograde perfusion through the femoral artery during minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) remains controversial. We present a case of AAD occurring during the late cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) phase, which was successfully managed by vascular graft replacement, without altering the blood supply route.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old man was scheduled for totally endoscopic aortic valve replacement.

Indications and recipient outcomes of adult left lobe living donor liver transplantation.

Adult left lobe living donor liver transplantation has long been practiced nearly exclusively in Japan. To overcome the potential risks of small-for-size syndrome and hepatic venous outflow obstruction associated with the use of left lobe grafts, center-specific countermeasures such as splenectomy, meticulous hepatic venous reconstruction, and inclusion of the caudate lobe have been implemented, resulting in short- and long-term results comparable with those of right lobe graft in high-volume centers. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis confirmed these observations; however, the indications and techniques of adult left lobe living donor liver transplantation have yet to be standardized.

Recent advances in immunotherapy for cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is the third most common malignant tumor in women worldwide in terms of both incidence and mortality. The field of cervical cancer treatment is rapidly evolving, and various combination therapies are being explored to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and provide new treatment options for patients at different disease stages. Clinical trials involving immune checkpoint inhibitors are now being conducted following a phase 3 trial with cemiplimab, an ICI, which demonstrated a significant improvement in prognosis in advanced or metastatic cervical cancer patients.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease myelitis successfully treated with rituximab.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major serious complication after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and often mimics autoimmune diseases. Central nervous system (CNS) symptoms are rare manifestations of cGVHD, and are difficult to diagnose. CNS manifestations of cGVHD were discussed in the 2020 National Institutes of Health cGVHD Consensus Project as one of the "atypical cGVHD manifestations" with involvement of various organ systems other than classical cGVHD organs.

The N-acetyltransferase 10 inhibitor [C]remodelin: synthesis and preliminary positron emission tomography study in mice.

Background: 4-(4-Cyanophenyl)-2-(2-cyclopentylidenehydrazinyl)thiazole (remodelin) is a potent N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) inhibitor. This compound inhibits tumors and weakens tumor resistance to antitumor drugs. Moreover, remodelin has been found to enhance healthspan in an animal model of the human accelerated ageing syndrome.

A Composite Endpoint of Liver Surgery (CELS): Development and Validation of a Clinically Relevant Endpoint Requiring a Smaller Sample Size.

Background: The feasibility of trials in liver surgery using a single-component clinical endpoint is low because single endpoints require large samples due to their low incidence. The current study sought to develop and validate a novel composite endpoint of liver surgery (CELS) to facilitate the generation of more feasible and robust high-level evidence in the field of liver surgery.

Methods: Patients who underwent curative-intent hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, or colorectal liver metastasis were identified using a multi-institutional database.

Relationship between outer retinal tubulation, retinal volume, and visual field in Bietti crystalline dystrophy.

Purpose: To investigate the presence of tubulation in the outer nuclear layer of patients with Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and evaluate its relationship with visual field, visual field progression, and retinal volume.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 37 patients diagnosed with BCD who underwent spectral-domain OCT examination. OCT examinations and Humphrey visual field tests (10-2 program) were conducted.

Association between meteorological factors and varicella incidence in Japan: a nationwide time-series study.

Varicella, commonly referred to as chickenpox, is an airborne infectious disease that continues to pose an increasing threat to public health. Despite previous investigations, the global accumulation of epidemiological studies exploring the association between varicella epidemics and meteorological factors remains insufficient. This study aimed to quantify the short-term effect of meteorological factors, such as mean temperature and relative humidity, on the incidence of varicella across all 47 prefectures of Japan over a decade (2010-2019).

Radiological features of desmoid-type fibromatosis: a two-institution retrospective study.

Objectives: To characterize the radiological findings of desmoid-type fibromatosis (DF).

Methods: This two-institution retrospective study included 152 patients with pathologically confirmed DF who underwent computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT between January 2001 and February 2024. Two board-certified radiologists independently evaluated the CT, MRI, and FDG-PET/CT findings, and a third board-certified radiologist resolved discrepancies.

Patterns of lymph node metastasis and long-term outcomes of splenic flexure colon cancer: a descriptive study from a Japanese high-volume center.

Purpose: The pattern of lymph node metastasis and the appropriate extent of lymph node dissection in splenic flexure colon cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, lymph node metastasis patterns, and oncological outcomes of patients with splenic flexure colon cancer.

Methods: The data of patients with splenic flexure cancer diagnosed with pathological stages I-III were extracted from a hospital database.

Predicting human olfactory perception by odorant structure and receptor activation profile.

Humans possess a remarkable ability to discriminate a wide range of odors with high precision. This process begins with olfactory receptors (ORs) detecting and responding to the molecular structures of odorants. Recent studies have aimed to associate the activity of a single OR to an odor descriptor or predict odor descriptors using 2D molecular representation.

Intracellular enhancement technique for gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary-phase magnetic resonance imaging: evaluation of hepatic function.

Purpose: To investigate the utility of intracellular enhancement (ICE) technique which suppresses signals from the extracellular space for the evaluation of hepatic function on gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary-phase (HBP) images.

Methods: We subjected 67 patients with suspected neoplastic hepatic lesions to gadoxetic acid-enhanced HBP imaging with and without ICE [i-HBP, conventional-HBP (c-HBP)]. A radiologist calculated the liver/spleen contrast (LSC) [LSC = signal intensity (SI) of liver/SI of spleen].

Usefulness of a novel density measurement drill for evaluating cancellous bone density: correlation between CT value and drilling torque value in bovine ribs.

Purpose: The study aimed to examine the usefulness of a novel density measurement drill for evaluating cancellous bone density by examining the correlation between computed tomography (CT)-based Misch bone density classification and drilling torque value.

Methods: Bovine ribs were used as the drilling sites for implant placement. Multidetector CT (MDCT) was performed after contrast materials were attached to the drilling sites.

Polarization Switching from Valence Trapping in an Oxo-Bridged Trinuclear Iron Complex.

Switching electric polarization by external stimuli constitutes a technical foundation for various applications. Here, we reported the observation of polarization-switching behavior in an oxo-bridged mixed-valence complex [FeO(piv)(py)] (piv = pivalate, py = pyridine). Detailed variable-temperature Mössbauer spectral analyses unambiguously confirm the occurrence of an electron localization-delocalization transition between two inequivalent Fe sites.

Randomized trial to assess worsening renal function by adding dapagliflozin for acute decompensated heart failure.

Aims: Dapagliflozin (DAPA), a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, has been shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality among patients with chronic heart failure. We aimed to evaluate the impact on a worsening renal function (WRF) by adding DAPA as compared to standard decongestive therapy with loop diuretics alone.

Methods And Results: We enrolled 114 consecutive acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 50%.

Tryptophan-sensing receptor GPR142 expression levels are directly regulated by proinflammatory cytokines in ghrelin-producing cells.

GPR142 is a tryptophan-sensing receptor that has been implicated in the regulation of inflammation. In this study, we investigated the relationships between inflammatory cytokine and GPR142 expression by using cellular, animal models, and human stomach samples. We found that addition of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β into the culture of ghrelin-producing cell line, MGN3-1 cells, increased GPR142 mRNA expression levels.

Detection of Fast Decliner of Diabetic Kidney Disease Using Chiral Amino Acid Profiling: A Pilot Study.

Biomarkers for the prediction of diabetic kidney disease are still unsatisfactory. Although D-amino acids have been shown to reflect kidney conditions, their efficacy in treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has not been demonstrated. This study explored the potential role of D-amino acids as progression markers for DKD, an aspect not addressed previously.

Giant Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in a Chiral Polar Crystal based on Helical One-dimensional Lead Halide Perovskites.

Chiral polar crystals composed of one-dimensional (1D) conducting materials exhibit unique physical phenomena. The present study focused on helical 1D-structured lead halide perovskite derivatives with chiral naphthylethylamine as organic cations, (R or S-NEA)[PbI3](R-NEA = R-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine, S-NEA = S-(-)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine). A thermally controlled crystallization method has successfully yielded crystals with a polar chiral space group of C2.

Progress in Experimental Methods Using Model Electrodes for the Development of Noble-Metal-Based Oxygen Electrocatalysts in Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers.

Hydrogen plays a key role in maximizing the benefits of renewable energy, and the widespread adoption of water electrolyzers and fuel cells, which convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and electrical energy into each other, is strongly desired. Electrocatalysts used in these devices, typically in the form of nanoparticles, are crucial components because they significantly affect cell performance, but their raw materials rely on limited resources. In catalyst research, electrochemical experimental studies using model catalysts, such as single-crystal electrodes, have provided valuable information on reaction and degradation mechanisms, as well as catalyst development strategies aimed at overcoming the trade-off between activity and durability, across spatial scales ranging from the atomic to the nanoscale.