The transition of the criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation and the targeted patients in randomized controlled trials over the decades: a scoping review.

Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a severe complication in septic patients. The Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare (JMHW)-DIC criteria, the first DIC criteria, were established in 1983, and several other criteria have been proposed since then, including the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH)-overt DIC criteria and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) DIC criteria. This study aimed to look into the transition of DIC criteria used in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for sepsis-induced DIC.

Immune Response to an Adjuvanted Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Japanese Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Upadacitinib (End Zoster-J Study): Study Protocol for an Exploratory Parallel Triple-Arm Prospective Trial.

: Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have emerged as a new class of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, herpes zoster is one of the common adverse events of JAK inhibitors, including upadacitinib, which is especially high in Japanese patients with RA compared to those from Western countries. Recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix) is an adjuvanted subunit vaccine containing varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein E (gE) that is effective in adults over 50 years of age.

A practice-oriented genome-profiling study for acute myeloid leukemia using the novel HANDLE system: HM-screen-JAPAN02.

HM-SCREEN-Japan is a multicenter collaborative project in Japan to evaluate the clinical utility of a cancer genome panel in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The HM-SCREEN-JAPAN02 study used the Amoy Myeloid Panel with the HANDLE system, which enables efficient and rapid sequencing, as the genomic testing kit. The Amoy Myeloid Panel targets 53 genes with established clinical significance or high prevalence.

Postoperative complications of intrascleral intraocular lens fixation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Our systematic review and meta-analysis elucidates the postoperative complication rates associated with 3 major surgical approaches, including the scleral tunnel, glued, and flanged techniques, for sutureless intrascleral intraocular lens (IOL) fixation. An online search was performed for articles published in PubMed and EMBASE between January 1, 1975, and January 7, 2023. Original studies reporting postoperative complications of sutureless intrascleral IOL fixation were included.

Diets and leisure activities are associated with curiosity.

Social connections are essential for human health. While curiosity and empathy are crucial psychological factors for a fulfilling life connected with others, it is unclear if acquired environmental factors influence them. In this cross-sectional observational study, 1,311 men and women aged 20-79 years living in Japan were observed to explore how lifestyle factors such as diet, sleep, and leisure activities (such as exercise and hobbies) impact curiosity and empathy.

Association Between Coexisting Constipation and Heart Failure Readmission in Patients With Heart Failure - A Nationwide Database Study.

Background: Constipation often coexists with heart failure (HF) and can cause increased blood pressure variability, which may increase the risk of repeated HF admissions. However, large-scale contemporary data regarding the prognostic effect of constipation in patients with HF are lacking.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively identified 556,792 patients admitted for HF for the first time and discharged alive in the fiscal years 2016-2021 using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database.

An integrated population pharmacokinetic model of febuxostat in pediatric patients with hyperuricemia including gout and adult population of healthy subjects and patients with renal dysfunction.

The study objective was to validate febuxostat dosage and administration in pediatric patients with hyperuricemia including gout, using an integrated population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) analysis in the Japanese population. Integrated PopPK analysis of febuxostat used a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling (NONMEM) program on plasma febuxostat concentration data for 2611 samples from Japanese pediatric patients with hyperuricemia including gout (n = 29) and from adult subjects who are healthy or have renal dysfunction (n = 113). We described febuxostat pharmacokinetics using an integrated PopPK model applicable both to pediatric patients and to the adult population.

Significant Effect of Carbon-Ion Radiation Therapy Combined With Androgen Deprivation on Biochemical Recurrence Rates in High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients: A Two-Center Controlled Trial Compare With X-Ray External Beam Radiation Therapy.

Objective: To compare the effects of carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) on the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: The effects of initial prostate-specific antigen (iPSA), clinical Tumor (cT) stage, radiotherapy method, and other clinical factors on the prognosis of 577 patients with radiotherapy were analyzed.

Results: Cox regression analysis showed that CIRT (RR: 0.

Arthroscopic Belt Capsulodesis Using a Knotless Soft Suture Anchor for Extruded Medial Meniscus.

In recent years, degenerative meniscal lesions have received increasing attention as an etiologic factor of knee osteoarthritis. Among various relevant factors, medial meniscal extrusion has been shown to be an independent predictor of the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Therefore, surgical reduction of the extruded medial meniscus to restore meniscal function is key to preventing osteoarthritis of the knee.

Perivascular Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Exacerbate Microvasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can lead to acute or delayed cerebral ischemia. Recent findings have revealed that spasm of microvessels, called microvasospasm, may contribute to SAH-related cerebral ischemia, and perivascular inflammation is considered important in the development of microvasospasms. However, owing to the difficulty in investigating the dynamics of vascular and perivascular events, little is known about the mechanisms underlying microvasospasms.

Serum Autotaxin Levels Predict Liver-Related Events in Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Long-Term Multicenter Observational Study.

Introduction: A straightforward, reliable, and noninvasive method for predicting the development of liver-related events (LRE) in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) has not been attained thus far. This study investigated whether serum autotaxin (ATX) could predict LRE in patients with PBC.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter investigation included 190 biopsy-proven untreated patients with PBC.

Impact of Dupilumab on Skin Surface Lipid-RNA Profile in Severe Asthmatic Patients.

The analysis of skin surface lipid-RNAs (SSL-RNAs) provides a non-invasive method for understanding the molecular pathology of atopic dermatitis (AD), but its relevance to asthma remains uncertain. Although dupilumab, a biologic drug approved for both asthma and AD, has shown efficacy in improving symptoms for both conditions, its impact on SSL-RNAs is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of dupilumab treatment on SSL-RNA profiles in patients with severe asthma.

The impact of COVID-19 on hay fever treatment in Japan: A retrospective cohort study based on the Japanese claims database.

Background: Hay fever (HF) presents with various symptoms, including allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis, and requires cross-organ treatment. This study assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on HF treatment trends.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the JMDC database collected between January 2018 and May 2021.

Incidence and risk factors of hypotension-related adverse events among Japanese patients with heart failure receiving sacubitril/valsartan or enalapril: Results from the PARALLEL-HF study.

Background: The PARALLEL-HF trial showed that treatment with sacubitril/valsartan resulted in more symptomatic hypotension versus enalapril in Japanese patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction, similar to PARADIGM-HF. Use of sacubitril/valsartan in these patients may be limited by concerns regarding hypotension.

Methods: This post-hoc analysis characterized hypotension-related adverse events (AEs) and their effects on efficacy using data from PARALLEL-HF, in which patients received sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg twice daily or enalapril 10 mg twice daily.

Factors affecting discrepancies in disease activity evaluation between patients and physicians in systemic lupus erythematosus-The importance of symptoms such as fatigue.

Objectives: There are often discrepancies in the evaluation of disease activity between patients and physicians in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we examined the factors that affect those evaluations.

Methods: Physician visual analogue scale (Ph-VAS), patient VAS (Pt-VAS), Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2k), glucocorticoid (GC) usage and dose, age, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index, and three patient-reported outcomes (SLE symptom checklist [SSC], short-form 36 questionnaire [SF-36], and LupusPRO) were obtained from a study performed in 2019 using 225 SLE outpatients of the Kyoto Lupus Cohort at Kyoto University Hospital.

Oral Administration of Probiotic Ameliorates Tonic-Clonic Seizure in a Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Mouse Model via Integrin-Linked Kinase Signaling.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures that affects over 70 million people worldwide. Although many antiepileptic drugs that block seizures are available, they have little effect on preventing and curing epilepsy, and their side effects sometimes lead to serious morbidity. Therefore, prophylactic agents with anticonvulsant properties and no adverse effects need to be identified.

E-contact facilitated by conversational agents reduces interethnic prejudice and anxiety in Afghanistan.

Intergroup contact occurring through indirect means such as the internet has the potential to improve intergroup relationships and may be especially beneficial in high conflict situations. Here we conducted a three-timepoint online experiment to ascertain whether the use of a conversational agent in E-contact platforms could mitigate interethnic prejudices and hostility among Afghanistan's historically segregated and persistently conflictual ethnic groups. 128 Afghans of Pashtun, Tajik, and Hazara backgrounds were assigned to one of four E-contact conditions (control with no conversational agent and three experimental groups that varied in the conversational agent settings).