Quantum life science: biological nano quantum sensors, quantum technology-based hyperpolarized MRI/NMR, quantum biology, and quantum biotechnology.

The emerging field of quantum life science combines principles from quantum physics and biology to study fundamental life processes at the molecular level. Quantum mechanics, which describes the properties of small particles, can help explain how quantum phenomena such as tunnelling, superposition, and entanglement may play a role in biological systems. However, capturing these effects in living systems is a formidable challenge, as it involves dealing with dissipation and decoherence caused by the surrounding environment.

Net Benefit of Early Anticoagulation for Stroke With Atrial Fibrillation: Post Hoc Analysis of the ELAN Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The net clinical effect of early vs later direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) initiation after atrial fibrillation-associated ischemic stroke is unclear.

Objective: To investigate whether early DOAC treatment is associated with a net clinical benefit (NCB).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a post hoc analysis of the Early Versus Late Initiation of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Post-Ischaemic Stroke Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (ELAN) open-label randomized clinical trial conducted across 103 sites in 15 countries in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia between November 6, 2017, and September 12, 2022, with a 90-day follow-up.

Preoperative Nutritional Status Influences Enteral Nutrition Weaning 6 Months Post-Surgery in Patients with Esophageal Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify whether nutritional status at admission affects enteral nutrition weaning 6 months after surgery in patients with esophageal cancer.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 81 patients who underwent subtotal esophageal cancer resection between April 2014 and February 2016. The survey items were as follows: 1) sex, 2) age, 3) presence or absence of family members living together, 4) clinical stage, 5) surgical procedure, 6) reconstructed organs, 7) nutritional status at admission, 8) presence or absence of postoperative complications (anastomotic leakage, chylothorax, and recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis), and 9) presence or absence of treatment other than surgery (chemo- or radiotherapy).

A new diterpenoid, carneadiol, isolated from Nocardia carnea IFM 12324.

A new diterpenoid, carneadiol (1), with an unprecedented tricyclic carbon skeleton, was isolated from the culture extracts of Nocardia carnea IFM 12324. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated using spectral studies, including various NMR data. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined using X-ray crystallographic analysis with the crystalline sponge method.

Development of optical microneedle-lens array for photodynamic therapy.

Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) which involves a photosensitizer (PS), a special drug activated by light, and light irradiation has been widely used in treating various skin diseases such as port-wine stain as well as cancers such as melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. PDT comprises two general steps: the introduction of PS into the body or a specific spot to be treated, and the irradiation process using a light source with a specific wavelength to excite the PS. Although PDT is gaining great attention owing to its potential as a targeted approach in the treatment of skin cancers, several limitations still exist for practical use.

Neptunitalea lumnitzerae sp. nov. isolated from the phyllosphere of the mangrove Lumnitzera racemosa Willd.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, aerobic, light-yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated as strain Y10, was isolated from Lumnitzera racemosa leaf in Iriomote island mangrove forests in Japan. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate Y10 was affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae, and the sequence showed the highest sequence identity to that of Neptunitalea chrysea NBRC 110019 (97.2%) and others with below 96% sequence identity.

Highly specific amyloid and tau PET ligands for ATN classification in suspected Alzheimer's disease patients.

Objective: This study aims to accurately classify ATN profiles using highly specific amyloid and tau PET ligands and MRI in patients with cognitive impairment and suspected Alzheimer's disease (AD). It also aims to explore the relationship between quantified amyloid and tau deposition and cognitive function.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients (15 women and 12 men; age range: 64-81 years) were included in this study.

Psoas muscle gauge and adverse clinical outcomes in patients on hemodialysis.

Background: The relationship between the psoas muscle gauge (PMG), a combined sarcopenia indicator obtained from psoas muscle index (PMI) and psoas muscle density (PMD), and adverse clinical outcomes in patients on hemodialysis remains unclear. We examined whether psoas muscle gauge could predict all-cause mortality and new cardiovascular events more accurately than psoas muscle index in these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively included 217 hemodialysis patients who underwent abdominal computed tomography.

A rare, asymptomatic case of an extrahepatic portocaval shunt between the posterior aspect of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava.

Purpose: We present the case of a rare extrahepatic portocaval shunt that resulted in communication of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC) at the level between two right renal veins that was incidentally diagnosed with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in an asymptomatic patient.

Methods: A woman in her sixties with abdominal pain and diarrhea of unclear origin underwent exploratory abdominal CECT.

Results: The CECT incidentally revealed an extrahepatic portocaval shunt, whereby a vessel arising from the portal vein superior to the confluence of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins drained into the posterior aspect of the IVC between two right renal veins.

Long-term safety and efficacy of fostamatinib in Japanese patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia.

Fostamatinib had superior efficacy to a placebo and acceptable safety profiles for at least 1 year in a phase 3 study of Japanese patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia. Here, we report the 3-year safety and efficacy of fostamatinib in that study. Data from 33 patients who received at least one dose of fostamatinib were analyzed.

Morphological identification and phylogenetic analysis of Eimeria coypi and Eimeria fluviatilis (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) isolated from nutrias (Myocastor coypus [Rodentia]) in Japan.

The nutria (Myocastor coypus) is a semiaquatic rodent that originally inhabited South America. However, the animals have spread to different continents as alien species, and their numbers are quickly increasing, especially in North America, Europe, and Eastern Asia including Japan. Although nutrias have been suggested to serve as reservoirs for pathogens, including parasites, there have been few reports on this subject.

Expert consensus statement for quantitative measurement and morphologic assessment of optical coherence tomography: update 2025.

In this updated expert consensus document, the methods for the quantitative measurement and morphologic assessment of optical coherence tomography (OCT) / optical frequency domain imaging images (OFDI) are briefly summarized. The focus is on the clinical application and the clinical evidence of OCT / OFDI to guide percutaneous coronary interventions.

Simultaneous site-directed mutagenesis for soybean ß-amyrin synthase genes via DNA-free CRISPR/Cas9 system using a single gRNA.

We generated soybean mutants related to two ß-amyrin synthase genes using DNA-free site-directed mutagenesis system. Our results suggested that one of the genes is predominant in the soyasaponin biosynthesis. Soyasaponins, which are triterpenoid saponins contained in soybean [Glycine max (L.

Longitudinal impact of extended-hours hemodialysis with a liberalized diet on nutritional status and survival outcomes: findings from the LIBERTY cohort.

Background: Protein-energy wasting (PEW), a unique weight loss linked to nutritional and metabolic abnormalities, is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and associated with adverse outcomes. This study investigated whether extended-hours HD combined with a liberalized diet could overcome PEW and improve survival.

Methods: The body mass index (BMI) and survival outcomes in patients undergoing extended-hours HD were evaluated for up to 8 years using data from the LIBeralized diet Extended-houRs hemodialysis Therapy (LIBERTY) cohort.

Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for growth on xylose using an oxidative pathway.

The fermentative production of valuable chemicals from lignocellulosic feedstocks has attracted considerable attention. Although Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a promising microbial host, it lacks the ability to efficiently metabolize xylose, a major component of lignocellulosic feedstocks. The xylose oxidative pathway offers advantages such as simplified metabolic regulation and fewer enzymatic steps.

A rare case of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome complicated by Wernicke's encephalopathy.

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a severe neurological condition caused by the deficiency of thiamine, which is a vitamin B1 molecule. Herein, we present the case of a 3-year-old girl with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) who did not achieve remission despite steroid pulse therapy (MPT) and rituximab. She had frequent vomiting and decreased oral intake on the 61st day.

Identifying care gaps and referral patterns in acute dermatology at urgent care centers.

Limited urgent access to board-certified dermatologists drives patients to seek dermatologic care at urgent care centers (UCC). UCC are staffed by clinicians with comparatively limited dermatology training, often resulting in lower quality care for acute dermatology conditions. Using a retrospective cohort of 839 referrals, this study investigates health care referral outcomes for patients seeking dermatologic care at UCC.

Short common trunk of the occipital artery and ascending pharyngeal artery arising from the internal carotid artery diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography.

Purpose: To describe a case of short common trunk of the occipital artery (OA) and ascending pharyngeal artery (APA) arising from the internal carotid artery (ICA).

Methods: A 36-year-old woman with a history of surgical resection of a right lateral ventricular meningioma and atheromatous plaque of the right ICA underwent cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography of the head and neck region with a 3-Tesla scanner.

Results: MR angiography of the neck region showed a small atheromatous plaque at the origin of the right ICA and an anomalous artery arising from the posteromedial aspect of the right ICA at the distal end of the carotid bulb.

Genetic diversity of murine norovirus associated with ethanol sensitivity.

RNA viruses have high genetic diversity, allowing rapid adaptation to environmental pressures, such as disinfection. This diversity increases the likelihood of mutations influencing the viral sensitivity to disinfectants. Ethanol is widely used to control viral transmission; however, insufficient disinfection facilitates the survival of less-sensitive viruses.

Impact of lactate levels on admission in STEMI patients with cardiogenic shock treated with IMPELLA.

The concomitant use of IMPELLA and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) (ECPELLA) has been increasingly used to treat severe cardiogenic shock. However, the relationship between severity of heart failure on admission and prognosis based on differences in the mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is not fully understood. This study evaluated the association between lactate levels on admission and clinical outcomes based on differences in MCS.

Morphological and DNA analysis of pollen grains on butterfly individuals reveal their flower visitation history.

Many butterfly species are conspicuous flower visitors. However, understanding their flower visitation patterns in natural habitats remains challenging due to the difficulty of tracking individual butterflies. Therefore, we aimed at establishing a protocol to solve the problem using the Common five-ring butterfly, Ypthima argus (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae).

Metaphyseal comminution in distal radius fractures: a predictor of secondary fragility fractures and the role of osteoporosis treatment.

Unlabelled: Metaphyseal comminution in distal radius fracture (DRF) cases might indicate severe osteoporosis. The patients with DRFs and metaphyseal comminution showed 5.2-fold increased secondary fractures compared with those receiving combination osteoporosis therapy.

Tricuspid regurgitation and outcomes in mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair.

Background And Aims: The association between periprocedural change in tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and outcomes in patients undergoing mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (M-TEER) is unclear. This study aimed to examine the prognostic value of TR before and after M-TEER.

Methods: Patients in the OCEAN-Mitral registry were divided into four groups according to baseline and post-procedure echocardiographic assessments: no TR/no TR (no TR), no TR/significant TR (new-onset TR), significant TR/no TR (normalized TR), and significant TR/significant TR (residual TR) (all represents before/after M-TEER).