CDKN3 as a key regulator of G2M phase in triple-negative breast cancer: Insights from multi-transcriptomic analysis.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a significant global health challenge, emphasizing the need for precise identification of patients with specific therapeutic targets and those at high risk of metastasis. This study aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets for personalized treatment of TNBC patients by elucidating their roles in cell cycle regulation. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified 83 hub genes by integrating gene expression profiles with clinical pathological grades.

Combined use of cleft and truncated triangle signs helps improve the preoperative MRI diagnosis of lateral meniscus posterior root tears in patients with ACL injuries.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether combining the analysis of different magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signs enhances the diagnostic accuracy of lateral meniscus posterior root tears (LMPRTs) in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. We hypothesised that analysing the cleft, ghost and truncated triangle signs and lateral meniscus extrusion (LME) measurement together would improve the preoperative MRI-based diagnosis of LMPRTs.

Methods: This retrospective study used prospectively collected registry data from two academic centres, including patients undergoing primary or revision ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and LMPRT repair.

A Rare Case of Sigmoid-Urachal Fistula in an Adult Male Resected Laparoscopically.

Fistulization involving both the sigmoid colon and urachus is exceedingly rare. While previous cases have often necessitated laparotomy due to the involvement of multiple organs, only one instance of successful laparoscopic surgery has been reported. Here, we present the second documented case of laparoscopic resection of a sigmoid-urachal fistula.

Association between sleep problems during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms as well as condition of newborn at delivery.

Background: Pregnancy-related anatomic, physiologic, and hormonal factors can occur at different stages of pregnancy and affect sleep disturbances. The relationship between sleep problems during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms as well as neonatal condition at delivery have not been well described. This study hypothesized that sleep problems are associated with postpartum depressive symptoms and adverse neonatal outcomes at delivery.

Edaravone is a Therapeutic Candidate for Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy by Activating the Nrf2 Pathway.

Doxorubicin (DOXO) has long been used clinically and remains a key drug in cancer therapy. DOXO-induced cardiomyopathy (DICM) is a chronic and fatal complication that severely limits the use of DOXO. However, there are very few therapeutic agents for DICM, and there is an urgent need to identify those that can be used for a larger number of patients.

Descriptive Epidemiology and Prognostic Significance of Diaphragm Thickness in the General Population: The Nagahama Study.

Background: Diaphragm thickness is a potential marker of sarcopenia in addition to muscle mass and strength at extremities. We aimed to clarify the descriptive epidemiology and prognostic significance of diaphragm thickness in the general population.

Methods: The study participants were 3324 community residents (mean age: 61.

Serum Periostin is Able to Stratify Type 2-Dominant Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a heterogeneous disease composed of different endotypes. It is important to develop useful biomarkers for endotyping UC; however, available biomarkers are insufficient. We have already established that periostin is a surrogate biomarker of type 2 inflammation.

Exploring the Clinical Diversity of Castleman Disease and TAFRO Syndrome: A Japanese Multicenter Study on Lymph Node Distribution Patterns.

Individuals diagnosed with Castleman disease (CD) and TAFRO syndrome (characterized by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, bone marrow fibrosis, and organomegaly) displays a wide range of clinical symptoms, including varying patterns of lymph node enlargement, systemic inflammation, and impaired organ function. Some patients may present with both CD and TAFRO syndrome concurrently. A retrospective study conducted across multiple centers in Japan examined 321 cases to determine if the quantity and position of swollen lymph nodes could forecast the clinical progression and intensity of these conditions.

Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of EsV3 on atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE mice.

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major contributor to vascular disorders and represents a significant risk to human health. Currently, first-line pharmacotherapies are associated with substantial side effects, and the development of atherosclerosis is closely linked to dietary factors. This study evaluated the effects of a dietary supplement, EsV3, on AS in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) model mice.

Simultaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation and femoral osteosynthesis: a case report.

Background: Simultaneous cardiac and non-cardiac surgeries can be beneficial for patients, but there are still few reports on this approach.

Case Presentation: A 90-year-old woman was diagnosed with a femoral trochanteric fracture and severe aortic stenosis. A heart team conference decided to perform transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and femoral osteosynthesis under general anesthesia on the same day.

Intratumor heterogeneity of HPV integration in HPV-associated head and neck cancer.

Integration of human papillomavirus (HPV) into the host genome drives HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV HNSCC). Whole-genome sequencing of 51 tumors revealed intratumor heterogeneity of HPV integration, with 44% of breakpoints subclonal, and a biased distribution of integration breakpoints across the HPV genome. Four HPV physical states were identified, with at least 49% of tumors progressing without integration.

Impacts of irrigation expansion on moist-heat stress based on IRRMIP results.

Irrigation rapidly expanded during the 20 century, affecting climate via water, energy, and biogeochemical changes. Previous assessments of these effects predominantly relied on a single Earth System Model, and therefore suffered from structural model uncertainties. Here we quantify the impacts of historical irrigation expansion on climate by analysing simulation results from six Earth system models participating in the Irrigation Model Intercomparison Project (IRRMIP).

Viral and Fungal Infections Early After HLA-Mismatched Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Using Low-Dose Antithymocyte Globulin in High-Risk Patients With Hematological Malignancies Not in Remission.

Background: In vivo T-cell depletion with antithymocyte globulin (ATG), especially at high-doses has been shown to be associated with increased incidence of infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, it remains unclear whether ATG, even at low-doses increases the risk of posttransplant infections in the high-risk HSCT setting.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective study of viral and fungal infections early after transplantation, using the data from 82 patients with hematological malignancies.

Regimen Selection for Chemoimmunotherapy in Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Low PD-L1 Expression: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Although chemoimmunotherapy is recommended for advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with low programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, no head-to-head comparisons of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been performed. Therefore, we compared the effect and safety of regimens in these patients to guide evidence-based treatment.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC with a PD-L1 tumor proportion score of 1% to 49% administered ICI combination platinum-based chemotherapy between May 2018 and May 2023 at 19 institutions in Japan.

Anthocyanin can improve the survival of rice seeds from solar light outside the international space station.

A purple-pigmented (purple) rice seeds containing an anthocyanin, a major class of flavonoids, and their isogenic non-pigmented (white) seeds were exposed outside of the international space station (ISS) to evaluate the impact of anthocyanin on seed viability in space. The rice seeds were placed in sample plates at the exposed facility of ISS for 440 days, with the bottom layer seeds exposed to space radiation and the top layer seeds exposed to both solar light and space radiation. Though the seed weight of both purple and white seeds decreased after exposure to outer space, growth percentages after germination of purple and white seeds in the top layer were 55 and 15 %, respectively, compared to those in the bottom layer 100 and 70 %, respectively.

[Guidelines for presymptomatic genetic testing for adult-onset hereditary neuromuscular diseases in Japan].

In Japan, there are no nationwide guidelines for presymptomatic testing for hereditary neuromuscular diseases. Although each institution has been dealing with this situation by using their own procedures to date, it is necessary to develop a standardized guidelines based on the Japanese medical system, because the development of disease-modifying therapies has progressed, and we are entering an era in which early diagnosis and early treatment are necessary. The guidelines presented here were devised by the Committee on Medical Genetics of the Japan Neurological Society.

Number of teeth and incidence of hip fracture in older adults aged ≥75 years: the OHSAKA study.

Background: Several studies reported an association between the number of teeth and the incidence of hip fractures in observational studies, mainly in middle-aged adults. This retrospective cohort study aimed to clarify the association between the number of teeth and the incidence of hip fractures.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 256,772 participants aged 75 years or older who underwent public dental checkups in Japan were evaluated.

Association between informal caregiving and changes in cardiovascular-related health behaviors among middle-aged and older adults in Japan: A 15-year panel survey.

BackgroundStudies have shown that informal caregiving is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is limited evidence on the mechanisms involved. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated the association of informal caregiving with changes in health-related behaviors.

The Wako Cohort Study: Design and Profile of Participants at Baseline.

Background: We launched the Wako Cohort Study in 2023 to identify individual and socio-environmental factors related to the extension of healthy life expectancy and the reduction of health disparities among community-dwelling adults and to develop health promotion and care prevention strategies. This study profile aims to describe the study design and participants' profile at baseline.

Methods: The Wako Cohort Study is a prospective study of community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 40 years living in Wako City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

Involvement of nuclear receptor corepressor 2 (NCOR2) in estrogen-induced repression of arcuate Kiss1 expression in female rats.

Hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) kisspeptin neurons are considered the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator in rats. In virgin rats, the expression of the ARC kisspeptin gene (Kiss1) is repressed by proestrous levels of estradiol-17β (high E2) but not by diestrous levels of E2 (low E2). In lactating rats, ARC Kiss1 expression is repressed by low E2 during late lactation.

Actual Use of Budesonide Enteric-Coated Capsules for Crohn's Disease in Japan: Analysis of Health Insurance Big Data.

Using a large health insurance database in Japan, we examined the real-world usage of budesonide enteric-coated capsules (BUD) in treating Crohn's disease. We analyzed data from the Japan Medical Data Center claims database for Crohn's disease patients prescribed BUD from April 2016 to March 2021, focusing on prescription status, adverse events (AEs), monitoring tests, and concomitant medications over 2 years following BUD initiation. Patients were categorized into two groups based on BUD usage duration: ≤1 year and >1 year.

Assessment of Risk of Acidosis in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease Treated with Intravenous Branched-Chain Amino Acid-Enriched Solution: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Intravenous administration of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched solution is contraindicated in patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there have been no reports on its risks in patients with mild-to-moderate CKD. In this study, we compared the incidence of acidosis between patients with mild-to-moderate CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥30 and <60 mL/min/1.

Impact of Daily High Ergosterol Intake for 14 Weeks in Ovariectomized Rats on Cholesterol and Vitamin D Biosynthesis Pathways.

Postmenopausal women are at a higher risk of developing dyslipidemia and osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency, necessitating regular vitamin D supplementation and the use of cholesterol inhibitors, respectively, to prevent these conditions. Despite current treatments, alternatives are needed to address both conditions simultaneously. Ergosterol, a precursor of vitamin D, is a fungal sterol converted to brassicasterol by 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, a cholesterol biosynthesis enzyme that converts 7-dehydrocholesterol (a precursor of vitamin D) into cholesterol.