Zymosan-Treated SKG Mice: Assessing Effects of Systemic Inflammation on the Temporomandibular Joint.

Objectives: The effects of systemic inflammation on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are poorly understood. This study aimed to establish a mouse model to study the effects of systemic inflammation on the TMJ.

Materials And Methods: SKG mice, a BALB/c strain with spontaneous onset of rheumatoid arthritis-like symptoms due to a spontaneous point mutation (W163C) in the gene encoding the SH2 domain of ZAP-70, were treated with zymosan (β-1,3-glucan).

Proteomic serum profiles before and after lipoprotein apheresis in patients with peripheral artery disease with ulceration.

Introduction: The efficacy of lipoprotein apheresis (LA) in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been primarily attributed to its anti-atherosclerotic effects through the adsorption of lipoproteins. However, the other potential effects of LA remain unknown. We evaluated changes in serum profiles before and after LA using a comprehensive analysis to explore the underlying mechanism.

Helical Surface Relief Formation by Two-Photon Polymerization Reaction Using a Femtosecond Optical Vortex Beam.

Optical vortices possess a helical phase wavefront with central phase dislocation and orbital angular momentum. We demonstrated three-dimensional microstructure formation using a femtosecond optical vortex beam. Two-photon polymerization of photocurable resin was induced by long-term exposure, resulting in the fabrication of cylindrical structures.

Environmental Conditions Modulate Warming Effects on Plant Litter Decomposition Globally.

Empirical studies worldwide show that warming has variable effects on plant litter decomposition, leaving the overall impact of climate change on decomposition uncertain. We conducted a meta-analysis of 109 experimental warming studies across seven continents, using natural and standardised plant material, to assess the overarching effect of warming on litter decomposition and identify potential moderating factors. We determined that at least 5.

Tetraarylphosphonium Cations with Excellent Alkaline-Resistant Performance for Anion-Exchange Membranes.

To realize the robust anion exchange membrane (AEM)-based water splitting modules and fuel cells, the design and synthesis of tetraarylphosphonium (TAP) cations are described as a new class of cationic building blocks that exhibit remarkable alkaline stability under harsh conditions. TAP cations with highly sterically demanding aromatic substituents were efficiently synthesized from triarylphosphine derivatives and highly reactive arynes, whose alkaline degradation proved to be suppressed dramatically by the sterically demanding substituents. In the case of bis(2,5-dimethylphenyl)bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)phosphonium, for example, approximately 60% of the cation survived for 27 d under the forced conditions (i.

Physcomitrium LATERAL SUPPRESSOR genes promote formative cell divisions to produce germ cell lineages in both male and female gametangia.

The evolution of green plants from aquatic to terrestrial environments is thought to have been facilitated by the acquisition of gametangia, specialized multicellular organs housing gametes. Antheridia and archegonia, responsible for producing and protecting sperm and egg cells, undergo formative cell divisions to produce a cell to differentiate into germ cell lineages and the other cell to give rise to surrounding structures. However, the genes governing this process remain unidentified.

Torsional Structural Relaxation Caused by Pt-Pt Bond Formation in the Photoexcited Dimer of Pt(II) N ̂ C ̂ N Complex in Solution.

[Pt(NCN)MeCN] (NCN = 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzene, MeCN = acetonitrile) forms oligomers in the ground state due to metallophilic interactions, and a Pt-Pt bond is formed with photoexcitation. Ultrafast excited-state dynamics of the [Pt(NCN)MeCN] dimer in acetonitrile is investigated by femtosecond time-resolved absorption (TA) and picosecond emission spectroscopy. The femtosecond TA signals exhibit 60 cm oscillations arising from the Pt-Pt stretching motion in the S dimer.

Phase 3 Study of Talazoparib Plus Enzalutamide Versus Placebo Plus Enzalutamide as First-Line Treatment in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: TALAPRO-2 Japanese Subgroup Analysis.

Background: In TALAPRO-2, the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor talazoparib plus the androgen receptor-signaling inhibitor enzalutamide improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) versus placebo plus enzalutamide (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51-0.

Release of FUS into the extracellular space is regulated by its amino-terminal prion-like domain.

Fused in sarcoma (FUS) is a causative factor of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and is believed to propagate pathologically by transmission from cell to cell. However, the mechanism underlying FUS release from cells, which is a critical step for the propagation system, remains poorly understood. This study conducted an analysis of the release of human and mouse FUS from neurons, revealing that human FUS is significantly released into the media compared to its mouse counterpart.

Analysis of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor expressions after hand therapy treatment in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy .

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of hand therapy (HT) on oxytocin and oxytocin receptor expression in a chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) model mouse.

Methods: CIPN model mouse was induced by intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (PTX; 4 mg/kg) on days 0, 2, 4 and 6 of the study. HT was performed on the CIPN mice once daily for 14 consecutive days, starting on day 8 after the PTX injection.

Endogenous melatonin and impulsivity in humans.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the relationship between salivary melatonin levels and impulsivity in humans, as the literature has not examined this relationship in healthy individuals.

Methods: We recruited 75 participants aged 18-55 years, measuring their salivary melatonin concentrations using an enzyme immunoassay and their impulsivity using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) scores.

Results: The participants' salivary melatonin levels were positively correlated with impulsivity.

Cross-sectional area on magnetic resonance images of the semitendinosus tendon is strongly related to the collagen fibril diameter.

Purpose: Using a thin semitendinosus tendon as an autograft is a risk factor for poor clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Preoperative evaluation of the cross-sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon using magnetic resonance imaging is useful. However, studies comparing the cross-sectional area of the semitendinosus tendon on magnetic resonance imaging and the collagen fibril diameter of the semitendinosus tendon are lacking.

Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor-induced thrombosis leading to transcatheter aortic valve dysfunction: a case report.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a well-established treatment option for patients with severe aortic valve stenosis; however, clinical valve thrombosis is a major challenge.

Case Summary: A 92-year-old woman underwent TAVR for severe aortic stenosis. One month later, the patient developed acute heart failure.

Establishment of Biobank and Patient-Derived Xenograft of Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors.

Soft tissue and bone tumors are rare, and their low frequency and diverse histological types make conducting large-scale clinical trials challenging. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX), entailing implantation of cancer specimens in immunocompromised mice, are emerging as a valuable translational model because PDX keeps the original tumors' character and drug sensitivity. We sequentially transplanted 166 surgical and biopsy specimens from orthopedic surgeries, including 138 soft tissue and bone tumors (81 malignant, 23 intermediate, and 34 benign), 16 metastatic bone tumors, 9 hematological malignancies, and 3 non-tumor tissues.

Elementary flow mapping across life cycle inventory data systems: A case study for data interoperability under the Global Life Cycle Assessment Data Access (GLAD) initiative.

Purpose: Limited availability of life cycle assessment (LCA) data poses a significant challenge to its mainstream adoption, rendering it a central issue within the LCA community. The Global LCA Data Access (GLAD) network aims to increase the accessibility and interoperability of LCA data and offers benefits for different use cases. GLAD is an intergovernmental collaboration involving different stakeholders organized into working groups.

Impact of Janus kinase inhibitors and methotrexate on interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Objectives: Little is known about how various treatments impact the progression of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Here, we compared ILD progression in RA patients treated with Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) or biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs). experiments were also performed to evaluate the potential effects of the drugs on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key event in pulmonary fibrosis.

Research hotspots and trends in diabetes and insulin resistance: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Many previous studies explored the relationship between diabetes and insulin resistance (IR); however, addressing the research gap where no bibliometric analysis had been conducted to summarize and analyze these publications, we will undertake a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to investigate the current status and emerging trends in publications examining the association between diabetes and IR.

Methods: We retrieved publications related to the interaction between diabetes and IR from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). By utilizing software such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Excel 2019, we analyzed and extracted relevant information from the literature to identify and delineate the research hotspots and directions in the study of diabetes and IR.

A comprehensive review of paratuberculosis in animals and its implications for public health.

Paratuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by subspecies (MAP). Typically, ruminant animals including cattle, buffalo, goats, and sheep are infected with MAP. Animals get infected with MAP in a number of ways, such as by eating or drinking contaminated food or water, or by nursing from an infected mother who may have contaminated teats or directly shed the organism in milk or colostrum.

Bovine trichomoniasis: A hidden threat to reproductive efficiency.

Bovine trichomoniasis is a reproductive illness that affects cattle causing pyometra, early to mid-pregnancy miscarriages, and lower birth rates. is a flagellated protozoan which first discovered in France in 1888 and composts three phases during its lifecycle including trophozoite, cyst, and pseudocyst. In addition, several factors contributed to the prevalence of trichomoniasis and fall into three categories are management, cow, and bull-related factors.

Clinical differentiation of cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumors in dogs: A pilot study.

Background: Canine mast cell tumors (MCT) in the skin are classified into cutaneous MCT (cMCT) and subcutaneous MCT (scMCT) types, which exhibit different clinical behaviors. Although these types have been classified only by histology, preoperative differentiation is important for proper surgical planning.

Aim: To examine the accuracy of differentiating these types based on the gross features before surgery.

Advancements in lipid production research using the koji-mold and future outlook.

Research on enhancing the production of lipids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids that are considered important for health, has focused on improvement of metabolism as well as heterologous expression of biosynthetic genes in the oleaginous fungus . To date, the productivity and production yield of free fatty acids have been enhanced by 10-fold to 90-fold via improvements in metabolism and optimization of culture conditions. Moreover, the productivity of ester-type fatty acids present in triacylglycerols could be enhanced via metabolic improvement.