Effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chelation for calcific band keratopathy on corneal topography assessed by fourier harmonic analysis.

Purpose: Chemical chelation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is an established treatment for calcific band keratopathy (CBK), whereas removal of calcium deposits from the subepithelial layer of the cornea may cause corneal irregularity. Using Fourier harmonic analysis, we analyzed the corneal topography in eyes with CBK treated by EDTA chelation.

Study Design: Retrospective, single-center study.

Correlation between internal limiting membrane preservation and sub-epiretinal membrane space during epiretinal membrane surgery.

Purpose: Internal limiting membrane (ILM) is usually peeled simultaneously with epiretinal membrane (ERM), however, in eyes with glaucoma and ERM, ILM is preserved in order to prevent nerve fiber damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate if a new approach for ERM is effective to keep ILM during surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective consecutive case series.

Efficacy of switching to brolucizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration refractory to faricimab.

Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of switching to intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) which did not achieve a dry macula even with 4- or 8-week intervals of intravitreal faricimab (IVF).

Study Design: Retrospective, interventional case series.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 33 eyes of 33 consecutive patients with nAMD who switched to IVBr from IVF, assessing best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), foveal thickness (FT), central choroidal thickness (CCT), and exudative status at baseline and after the switch.

Reversed anatomy in transanal lateral lymph node dissection: landmarks and pitfalls.

Lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) is getting global attention as an a surgical option to reduce local recurrence in locally advanced rectal cancer. As the transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is gaining popularity worldwide, a novel LLND approach was established adopting a two-team approach that combines the transabdominal and transanal approaches using the TaTME technique. This narrative review describes the advantages, anatomical landmarks, surgical techniques, and pitfalls of transanal LLND (TaLLND).

Modeling Innate Immunity Causing Chronic Inflammation and Tissue Damage.

Mathematical models of immune responses have traditionally focused on adaptive immunity and pathogen-immune dynamics. However, recent advances in immunology have highlighted the critical role of innate immunity. In response to physical damage or pathogen attacks, innate immune cells circulating throughout the body rapidly migrate from blood vessels and accumulate at the site of injury, triggering inflammation.

Efficacy of ramucirumab combined with erlotinib or osimertinib in untreated EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients with asymptomatic brain metastases: insights from molecular biomarkers in the RELAY-brain trial.

Background: The RELAY-Brain trial examined the clinical utility and survival impacts of ramucirumab (RAM) combined with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-TKI in patients with EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with brain metastases. Although RAM combined with erlotinib (ERL) is known to have clinical benefits, the benefits in patients with baseline brain metastases remain unclear. This report examined the long-term follow-up data (Japan Registry of Clinical Trials: jRCTs2051190027) of the same patients, analyzing relevant biomarkers from tumor and plasma samples.

Survival outcomes of surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage small cell and large cell lung cancer: a novel focus on tumors less than 1 cm.

Background: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) remains unclear, particularly for small tumors. This study assesses the survival benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgical resection with a novel focus on tumors less than 1 cm.

Materials And Methods: Data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) was extracted for patients with SCLC (n = 11,962) and LCNEC (n = 6821) who underwent surgical resection between 2004 and 2020.

Persistent prey species in the Lotka-Volterra apparent competition system with a single shared predator.

We analyze the Lotka-Volterra n prey-1 predator system with no direct interspecific interaction between prey species, in which every prey species undergoes the effect of apparent competition via a single shared predator with all other prey species. We prove that the considered system necessarily has a globally asymptotically stable equilibrium, and we find the necessary and sufficient condition to determine which of feasible equilibria becomes asymptotically stable. Such an asymptotically stable equilibrium shows which prey species goes extinct or persists, and we investigate the composition of persistent prey species at the equilibrium apparent competition system.

PRA-MutPred: Predicting the Effect of Point Mutations in Protein-RNA Complexes Using Structural Features.

Interactions between proteins and RNAs are essential for the proper functioning of cells, and mutations in these molecules may lead to diseases. These protein mutations alter the strength of interactions between the protein and RNA, generally described as binding affinity (Δ). Hence, the affinity change upon mutation (ΔΔ) is an important parameter for understanding the effect of mutations in protein-RNA complexes.

Crystal Growth and Structural Analysis of Layered Lithium Titanium Sulfide.

Layered sulfide crystals are suitable hosts for lithium and sodium ions in batteries. In this study, new layered lithium titanium sulfide (LTS) crystals were grown in a sealed silica tube using a LiS self-flux at 800-950 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results indicated the formation of a new sulfide phase with higher symmetry in the Li-Ti-S system.

Pooled safety analysis and management of sotorasib-related adverse events in KRAS G12C-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: We describe the safety of sotorasib monotherapy in patients with KRAS G12C-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and discuss practical recommendations for managing key risks.

Methods: Incidence rates of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were pooled from 4 clinical trials: CodeBreaK 100 (NCT03600883), CodeBreaK 101 (NCT04185883), CodeBreaK 105 (NCT04380753), and CodeBreaK 200 (NCT04303780) and graded according to CTCAE v5.0.

Technical Note: Application of Luminol and Leucomalachite Green Tests to Wischnewsky Spots After Formalin Fixation.

Wischnewsky spots are disseminated, dark lesions in gastric mucosa reflecting hemorrhage associated with fatal hypothermia, and are a phenomenon well known to forensic pathologists. We applied luminol and leucomalachite green tests to formalin-fixed gastric mucosa with Wischnewsky spots in autopsy cases of hypothermia. Both luminol and leucomalachite green tests showed positive reactions.

Severe hypophosphatemia following idecabtagene vicleucel regardless of the severity of cytokine release syndrome.

Background Aims: Hypophosphatemia has been recently recognized adverse event in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, complicating 70-75% of patients. Severe hypophosphatemia can cause cytokine release syndrome (CRS)-like symptoms, such as respiratory and cardiovascular dysfunction. Some reports have described the association between inorganic phosphate (iP) and CRS in patients treated with tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel), lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel).

Effects of Acute Phase Intensive Exercise Training in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.

Background: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) leads to hospitalizations and functional decline in older adults. Although cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is effective for stable heart failure, its impact on ADHF patients, particularly those without frailty, is unclear.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early in-hospital CR for patients hospitalized with ADHF who are not frail.

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) Classes in MASK-air Users.

Background And Objectives: The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines classify rhinitis as "intermittent" or "persistent" and "mild" or "moderate-severe". To assess ARIA classes in a real-world study in terms of phenotypic differences and their association with asthma.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional real-world study based on users of the MASK-air® app who reported data for at least 3 different months.

Surveillance for variants escaping detection with the Aptima Combo 2 assay in Canada from 2019 to 2021.

Unlabelled: Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are the method of choice for diagnosis, but these strategies are susceptible to target site mutations. variants escaping detection with the Aptima Combo 2 (AC2) assay on the Hologic Panther instrument from 23S rRNA mutations have been reported in Nordic countries, England, Japan, and the United States. Given the potential for false negative results, this study investigated whether strains of with AC2 target site mutations were present in Canada.

Personalized Dosing of Linezolid to Reduce the Risk of Thrombocytopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia (LIT) occurs in a dose-dependent manner. There is no consensus regarding personalized dosing of linezolid in the real world. This study investigated the usefulness of personalized dosing for the potential mitigation of LIT compared with standard dosing.

Laboratory evolution in enables rapid catabolism of a model lignin-derived aromatic dimer.

Lignin contains a variety of interunit linkages, leading to a range of potential decomposition products that can be used as carbon and energy sources by microbes. β-O-4 linkages are the most common in native lignin, and associated catabolic pathways have been well characterized. However, the fate of the mono-aromatic intermediates that result from β-O-4 dimer cleavage has not been fully elucidated.

Evaluation of Lower Lip Hypoesthesia Using Trigeminal Somatosensory Evoked Potential After Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: Retrospective Study.

Objective: This study evaluated the degree of paresthesia and recovery of the lower lip and chin in patients who underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) by measuring the preoperative and postoperative trigeminal somatosensory evoked potential (TSEP).

Study Design: Thirty-seven patients with skeletal class II and III malocclusion who underwent SSRO were included. TSEP was measured at 7 points: preoperatively and 1 week, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months postoperatively.

Synthesis of Xenes: physical and chemical methods.

Since the debut of silicene in the experimental stage more than a decade ago, the family of two-dimensional elementary layers beyond graphene, called Xenes or transgraphenes, has rapidly expanded to include elements from groups II to VI of the periodic table. This expansion has opened pathways for the engineering of elementary monolayers that are inherently different from their bulk counterparts in terms of fundamental physical properties. Common guidelines for synthesizing Xenes can be categorized into well-defined methodological approaches.

Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy 14 (HLD14)-Related UFC1 p.Arg23Gln Decreases Cell Morphogenesis: A Phenotype Reversable with Hesperetin.

Introduction: In the central nervous system (CNS), proper interaction between neuronal and glial cells is crucial for the development of mature nervous tissue. Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLDs) are a group of genetic CNS disorders characterized by hypomyelination and/or demyelination. In these conditions, genetic mutations disrupt the biological functions of oligodendroglial cells, which are responsible for wrapping neuronal axons with myelin sheaths.

Subgroup Characteristics of Middle-Aged and Older Women with Chronic Low Back Pain by Multiple Factors: A Hierarchical Cluster Analysis.

Background/objectives: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) after middle age is a complex multifactorial condition, and subgrouping is recommended to determine effective treatment strategies. Multidimensional data help create new groupings to increase the effectiveness of interventions in middle-aged and older adults with CLBP. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the factors associated with CLBP after middle age and to create and characterize a new subgroup based on these factors.

Effect of Early Postoperative Gait Parameters After Total Hip Arthroplasty on Forgotten Joint Score-12 at 2-Year Follow-Up.

This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between early postoperative gait parameters after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) score at the 2-year follow-up after surgery. In addition, the cutoff gait parameter values for predicting discomfort using specific FJS-12 subitems were evaluated. Among 313 patients who underwent THA between April and December 2019, 44 (14.