Assessing Caregiver Burden, Tasks, and Heart Rate Using Wearable Sensors: A Longitudinal Study of Informal Caregivers of Persons With Dementia and Older Adults.

Purpose In recent years, research on caregivers has highlighted the importance of integrating advanced technologies, such as wearable devices. Furthermore, when investigating the characteristics of persons with dementia (PWD), comparative analyses should be conducted based on the presence or absence of the condition. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between caregivers' subjective burdens, tasks, and heart rate (HR) using wearable sensors to objectively assess the health status of caregivers of PWD and older adults requiring long-term care.

Adherence to outpatient care among individuals with pre-existing psychiatric disorders following the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake: A retrospective study.

Aim: The study aim was to investigate the effect of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake on regular psychiatric outpatient check-ups at Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Japan.

Methods: We retrospectively collected electronic medical records from January 4 to January 17, 2024, and analyzed data from 656 patients. was used to analyze the association between adherence to scheduled visits and related factors, and the association between inability to attend scheduled visits and self-reported earthquake-related reasons among 84 nonadherent patients.

Enhancing Perinatal Safety with the Advancement of Obstetric Anesthesia in Japan.

Japan is one of the most developed countries in the world, and perinatal care is safe, with low maternal and neonatal mortality rates. However, as birthrate declines, advanced maternal age and the number of cesarean deliveries increases, efforts must be made to maintain safety in the future. The characteristic of the delivery facilities is "many small clinics," and half of all facilities have fewer than 500 deliveries per year.

Associations Between Blood Hemoglobin Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Risk in Middle-Aged Women.

Objective: Patients with polycythemia have a high risk of thrombo-atherosclerotic diseases. However, it remains to be clarified whether a high blood hemoglobin level is related to cardiometabolic risk in women.

Methods: The overall subjects were 18,410 middle-aged women who had received health checkup examinations at their workplaces.

Electric-field induced sleep promotion and lifespan extension in Gaucher's disease model flies.

Gaucher's disease (GD) is a genetic disease characterized by a mutation in the metabolic enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GBA1), leading to the accumulation of glucosylceramide in tissues. We previously discovered that a -inserted mutation in the gene of fruit flies, , mimics human neuronopathic GD (nGD) characteristics, providing a promising model for studying the molecular mechanisms of the disease. We also reported that extremely low-frequency electric fields (ELF-EFs) promote sleep and extend the lifespan of wild-type flies.

Effectiveness of Treating Vertical Maxillary Excess Among Non-growing Adult Patients With Skeletal Anchorage System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case Reports From 2008 to 2023.

Vertical maxillary excess presents a complex challenge in orthodontic treatment, necessitating effective anchorage systems for optimal correction. This research is useful to assess the skeletal anchorage system's (SAS) effectiveness in correcting the vertical maxillary excess among adult patients presenting with gummy smiles. This study includes case reports with English full text and examines the global general adult (18+) human population with vertical maxillary excess (VME).

The efficacy and safety of first-line monotherapies in primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis: a systematic review.

Objective: Several antifungals are available for the treatment of patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA). This study aims to evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of the first-line monotherapies in primary therapy of IA through network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP database, Wanfang database, and China Biology Medicine for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to July 2023 that evaluated the efficacy and safety of monotherapies.

Upregulation of HSP90α in the lungs and circulation in sarcoidosis.

Background: Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause. Natural improvement with favorable outcome is common, but a significant number of patients present with difficult to manage and progressive disease. The identification of biomarkers associated with disease activity and progression is warranted.

Complete atrial screw lead penetration and contralateral pneumothorax post-pacemaker implantation.

Unlabelled: There are some reports of atrial screw-in lead perforation, but the entire lead body is rarely exposed outside the right atrium at an early stage of the procedure. A man in his 80s had undergone catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) and had recurrent AF and tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome with 8.8 s of sinus arrest, which caused presyncope.

Case report: 10-year follow-up of a patient with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease and a literature review.

Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare, progressive neurodegenerative disease with variable clinical manifestations. High signals on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) along the corticomedullary junction (CMJ) are a specific feature of NIID. Only a few reports have observed patients for a long period and demonstrated a relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and clinical manifestations.

Does fast running limit numerical variability of the vertebral column in rabbits and hares (Leporidae: Lagomorpha)?

In mammalian vertebral columns, locomotive ability is expected to be an evolutionary driver of variation in the number of vertebrae; in species evolved to run fast or have a flexible vertebral column, they generally have limited numerical variation and low occurrence of malformed vertebrae to maintain their running performance. Although this hypothesis is supported among species sharing similar locomotive constraints (e.g.

Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, ADMET prediction, molecular docking and dynamics studies of pyridine and thiophene moiety-containing chalcones.

In this study, three pyridine- and four thiophene-containing chalcone derivatives were synthesized via Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction, where five derivatives were new. Different spectral analyses (IR, H NMR, HRMS) clarified the structures and these proposed compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity by the agar disc diffusion technique. Compound was conspicuously active against most of the bacterial and fungal strains.

Night-break treatment with blue and green lights regulates erect thallus formation in the brown alga (KU-1293).

In this study, we investigated the photoperiodic responses regulating erect thallus formation in (KU-1293). We found that, through critical day length analysis and night break treatment culture experiments, formed erect thalli under short-day conditions, indicating a genuine photoperiodic response. The critical day length for this morphological change was 10-11 h.

Long-term Recurrence Risk of Diabetic Foot Ulcers After Healing: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study on the Influence of Hemodialysis and Amputation Levels.

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) recurrence rates and associated risk factors, focusing on hemodialysis and specific amputation levels. Patients with diabetes treated for DFU between 2003 and 2019 at a wound-care center in Japan were studied. The primary outcome was DFU recurrence, and the factors evaluated included age, sex, hemodialysis treatment, revascularization type, and amputation level.

Self-Assembly of V-Shaped Polyaromatic Amphiphiles Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulation.

V-shaped polyaromatic amphiphiles (s) form micelle-like nonbonded self-assemblies in aqueous solution and feature prominent properties of encapsulation and solubilization for various types of hydrophobic molecules. To understand microscopic molecular characteristics underlying the wide capability of solubilization, the atomic-level molecular structures of the self-assemblies of s were investigated by microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The MD simulations showed that s spontaneously formed quasi-stable self-assemblies, in close agreement with experimental observations.

Impact of the Angular Alignment on the Crystal Field and Intrinsic Doping of Bilayer Graphene/BN Heterostructures.

The ability to tune the energy gap in bilayer graphene makes it the perfect playground for the study of the effects of internal electric fields, such as the crystalline field, which are developed when other layered materials are deposited on top of it. Here, we introduce a novel device architecture allowing simultaneous control over the applied displacement field and the crystalline alignment between two materials. Our experimental and numerical results confirm that the crystal field and electrostatic doping due to the interface reflect the 120° symmetry of the bilayer graphene/BN heterostructure and are highly affected by the commensurate state.

Cognitive Outcomes After Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Late-Life Depression: Résultats cognitifs après la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne pour le traitement de la dépression chez les personnes âgées.

Background: Late-life depression (LLD) is often accompanied by cognitive impairment, which may persist despite antidepressant treatment. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an efficacious treatment for depression, with potential benefits on cognitive functioning. However, research on cognitive effects is inconclusive, relatively sparse in LLD, and predominantly focused on group-level cognitive changes.

Effect of Rheumatoid Arthritis on Postoperative Outcomes in Patients with Lumbar Spinal Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with clinical outcomes following spinal surgery for lumbar spinal disorders.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were comprehensively searched for observational studies comparing clinical outcomes after lumbar spine surgery in patients with and without RA (>18 years).

Pulmonary and serum cytokine profiles of patients with anti-ARS and anti-MDA5 antibodies.

The present study aimed to determine the pulmonary cytokine profiles of patients with anti-RNA synthetase (ARS) and anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) antibodies. The study included patients with ARS and MDA5 whose serum or bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) was available. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay microarray multiplex assay was used to measure 18 cytokine levels in serum and BALF.

Correlation of semi-quantitative analyses and visual scores in pulmonary perfusion SPECT/CT imaging with pulmonary function test parameters in patients with interstitial lung diseases.

Aim: To evaluate the correlation between semi-quantitative analyses and visual scores of pulmonary perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)/ Computed Tomography (CT) imaging and pulmonary function test parameters (PFTs) in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 35 patients with ILDs from China-Japan Friendship Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. All patients underwent pulmonary perfusion SPECT/CT imaging and a pulmonary function test.

Use of the FHTHWA Index as a Novel Approach for Predicting the Incidence of Diabetes in a Japanese Population Without Diabetes: Data Analysis Study.

Background: Many tools have been developed to predict the risk of diabetes in a population without diabetes; however, these tools have shortcomings that include the omission of race, inclusion of variables that are not readily available to patients, and low sensitivity or specificity.

Objective: We aimed to develop and validate an easy, systematic index for predicting diabetes risk in the Asian population.

Methods: We collected the data from the NAGALA (NAfld [nonalcoholic fatty liver disease] in the Gifu Area, Longitudinal Analysis) database.

History of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guidelines for non-animal test methods in Japan.

The number of alternatives to animal tests (non-animal test methods) for human health developed globally account for more than 40% of the test methods in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals (TGs). Within the TGs, the National Institute of Health Sciences (NIHS) has standardized 16 OECD TGs for human health, implemented four major revisions, and developed one test method for the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) S10 guidelines on photosafety. This review describes trends in the OECD and Japan that mainly focus on international standardizations of non-animal test methods for human health.

Physical activity during summer and recognition of heatstroke prevention among patients with cardiovascular disease in an urban area of Japan: a descriptive study.

Objective: Patients with cardiovascular disease are considered a high-risk population for heat-related illnesses. This study aimed to describe the difference in physical activity between summer and fall among patients with cardiovascular disease and their recognition of heatstroke prevention in an urban area with high temperature conditions.

Results: We enrolled 56 outpatients who participated in cardiac rehabilitation in the summer of 2022 (median age, 75 years [interquartile range, 68-80]).