Current landscape and future prospects of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) agonists in cancer immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has significantly improved the survival for many patients with advanced malignancy. However, fewer than 50% of patients benefit from ICB, highlighting the need for more effective immunotherapy options. High-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) immunotherapy, which is approved for patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, stimulates CD8 T cells and NK cells and can generate durable responses in a subset of patients.

Surface Oxygen Vacancies on Copper-Doped Titanium Dioxide for Photocatalytic Nitrate-to-Ammonia Reduction.

Photocatalytic transformation of nitrate (NO) in wastewater into ammonia (NH) is a challenge in the detoxification and recycling of limited nitrogen resources. In particular, previously reported photocatalysts cannot promote the reaction using water as an electron donor. Herein, we report that copper-doped titanium dioxide (Cu-TiO) powders, prepared via the sol-gel method and subsequent calcination, promote NO-to-NH reduction in water.

Pharmacovigilance Pregnancy Data in a Population of Japanese Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Disease Exposed to Certolizumab Pegol.

Aim: Uncontrolled chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) before, during, and after pregnancy, as well as some CID medications, can increase the risk of impaired fertility in addition to adverse maternal/pregnancy outcomes in women of childbearing age. We report pregnancy outcomes from prospectively reported pregnancies in Japanese women treated with certolizumab pegol (CZP).

Methods: Data from July 2001 to November 2020 on CZP-exposed pregnancies from the CZP Pharmacovigilance safety database were reviewed.

Overcoming Energy-Scaling Barriers: Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis on High-Entropy Alloy Catalysts.

Electrochemically converting nitrate (NO ) to value-added ammonia (NH) is a complex process involving an eight-electron transfer and numerous intermediates, presenting a significant challenge for optimization. A multi-elemental synergy strategy to regulate the local electronic structure at the atomic level is proposed, creating a broad adsorption energy landscape in high-entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts. This approach enables optimal adsorption and desorption of various intermediates, effectively overcoming energy-scaling limitations for efficient NH electrosynthesis.

Electric Field-Induced Nonreciprocal Directional Dichroism in a Time-Reversal-Odd Antiferromagnet.

Antiferromagnets with broken time-reversal ( ) symmetry ( -odd antiferromagnets) have gained extensive attention, mainly due to their ferromagnet-like behavior despite the absence of net magnetization. However, certain types of -odd antiferromagnets remain inaccessible by the typical ferromagnet-like phenomena (e.g.

Health educational intervention by school nurses to prevent children's helminthic infection in Bangladesh: A cluster non-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Helminthic infections are a major health burden worsened by inadequate health education and awareness among schoolchildren. This study aims to reduce helminthic infection by increasing awareness and knowledge through school nurse-led health education among primary schoolchildren in Bangladesh.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, parallel-group (1:1), cluster non-randomized controlled trial conducted on 5- to 12-year-old school-going children from September 2021 to September 2022 in rural Bangladesh.

Effectiveness of PK-Guided Personalized Recombinant FVIII Treatment in Patients with Hemophilia A: Clinical Case Experiences Based on an Observational Study.

Purpose: Prophylaxis with recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) products is the gold-standard treatment for hemophilia A. However, interindividual differences affect the half-life and clearance of rFVIII products. The myPKFiT is a web-based medical-device software program for population pharmacokinetic (PK) simulation of FVIII products to guide accurate FVIII doses and dosing intervals.

A new species of Bryk, 1949 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Herminiinae) from Jiangxi, China.

Background: Bryk, 1949 (Erebidae, Herminiinae) is a medium-sized, frail-bodied genus of moths that externally resembles other genera in the generic complex. All known larvae of this genus feed on fresh leaves of moss. This genus is widely distributed from the Himalayas to Southeast Asia, Japan, Borneo, Sulawesi and New Guinea.

Morphological and molecular identification of Particolored bat () in South Korea: A first record.

Background belong to the genus and are widely distributed in Europe, the Middle East and Northeast Asia, Recently, the presence of the has been confirmed in Japan, suggesting the possibility of its habitation on the Korean Peninsula. However, ecological information regarding its presence in the Korean Peninsula is extremely limited. New information In an urban area of Sejong City, South Korea, a bat within the genus was rescued by personnel of the Chungnam Wild Animal Rescue Center.

Isolated atrial infarction complicated by sick sinus syndrome and atrial fibrillation: a case report.

Background: Atrial infarction is a complication of myocardial infarction with ventricular infarction; however, isolated atrial infarction (IAI) has rarely been reported. Herein, we report a case of IAI associated with sick sinus syndrome and atrial fibrillation (AF).

Case Summary: An 83-year-old woman was brought to the emergency department with a complaint of general malaise.

Regulatory dynamics of Sch9 in response to cytosolic acidification: From spatial reconfiguration to cellular adaptation to stresses.

The regulation of cellular metabolism is crucial for cell survival, with Sch9 in serving a key role as a substrate of TORC1. Sch9 localizes to the vacuolar membrane through binding to PI(3,5)P, which is necessary for TORC1-dependent phosphorylation. This study demonstrates that cytosolic pH regulates Sch9 localization.

Exosomal Galectin-3 promotes peritoneal metastases in gastric adenocarcinoma via microenvironment alterations.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is the most common metastatic site and leads to a short median survival. Exosomes have been shown to remodel the microenvironment, facilitating tumor metastases. However, the functional component in GAC cell-derived exosomes that remodel the landscape in the peritoneal cavity remains unclear.

Transcriptomic landscape of hyperthyroidism in mice overexpressing thyroid-Stimulating hormone.

Activation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) fundamentally leads to hyperthyroidism. To elucidate TSHR signaling, we conducted transcriptome analyses for hyperthyroid mice that we generated by overexpressing TSH. TSH overexpression drastically changed their thyroid transcriptome.

The immunoglobulin of yolk and cerium oxide-based fibrous poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/gelatin dressings enable skin regeneration in an infectious wound model.

The bacterial infection and oxidative wound microenvironment delay skin repair and necessitate intelligent wound dressings to enable scarless wound healing. The immunoglobulin of yolk (IgY) exhibits immunotherapeutic potential for the potential treatment of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, while cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) could scavenge superoxide dismutase (SOD) and inflammation. The overarching objective of this study was to incorporate IgY and CeO NPs into poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)/gelatin (PLGA/Gel)-based dressings (P/G@IYCe) for infected skin repair.

Antibacterial carbon dots.

Bacterial infections significantly threaten human health, leading to severe diseases and complications across multiple systems and organs. Antibiotics remain the primary treatment strategy for these infections. However, the growing resistance of bacteria to conventional antibiotics underscores the urgent need for safe and effective alternative treatments.

Free jejunal transplantation in a patient with short neck, cervical spondylosis, and vascular calcification: A case report.

Total pharyngo-laryngo-esophagectomy (TPLE) with free jejunal transplantation (FJT) is the standard reconstructive procedure for hypopharyngeal cancer, typically utilizing the superior thyroid artery as the recipient vessel. However, patient-specific anatomical variations and comorbidities can significantly complicate this surgery. We present a unique case of a 68-year-old male with hypopharyngeal cancer who exhibited multiple challenges, including short stature (126 cm), low weight (35 kg), cervical spondylosis, and a history of vertebroplasty, highlighting the complexities inherent in such reconstructions.

Potential of spectral imaging generated by contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT for lung cancer histopathological classification - A preliminary study.

Purpose: The potential of spectral images, particularly electron density and effective Z-images, generated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT), for the histopathologic classification of lung cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to explore which imaging factors could better reflect the histopathological status of lung cancer.

Method: The data of 31 patients who underwent rapid kV-switching DECT and subsequently underwent surgery for lung cancer were analyzed.

variant may affect the response to type 2 biologics in patients with severe asthma.

Background: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with variable response to treatment. Genetic backgrounds are involved in the severity of type 2 asthma, but their effects on responses to biologics remain unknown. This study aimed to clarify the role of genetic factors in response to biologics in patients with severe asthma.

Bowel preparation before colonoscopy: Consequences, mechanisms, and treatment of intestinal dysbiosis.

The term "gut microbiota" primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut, which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human body. Although adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy, it may interfere with the gut microbiota. Bowel preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota, potentially affecting an individual's health, especially in vulnerable populations, such as patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Imaging characteristics of hypervascular focal nodular hyperplasia-like lesions in patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease.

Background: Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)-like lesions are hyperplastic formations in patients with micronodular cirrhosis and a history of alcohol abuse. Although pathologically similar to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions, they are benign. As such, it is important to develop methods to distinguish between FNH-like lesions and HCC.

Clinical effects of phospholipase D2 in attenuating acute pancreatitis.

Background: The objective of the current study was to elucidate the clinical mechanism through which phospholipase D2 (PLD2) exerted a regulatory effect on neutrophil migration, thereby alleviating the progression of acute pancreatitis.

Aim: To elucidate the clinical mechanism through which PLD2 exerted a regulatory effect on neutrophil migration, thereby alleviating the progression of acute pancreatitis.

Methods: The study involved 90 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, admitted to our hospital between March 2020 and November 2022.

Deterioration of preexisting myoclonus following nifedipine use in parkinsonian syndrome: A case report.

L-type calcium channel antagonists are uncommon causes of myoclonus, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report a case of parkinsonian syndrome with deterioration of preexisting myoclonus after nifedipine use. A 96-year-old woman was administered a single dose of sustained-release nifedipine for chest pain.

Coping flexibility and associated factors after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer: A cross-sectional multisite study.

Objective: To elucidate the current state of coping flexibility and associated factors in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy.

Methods: A cross-sectional multisite study was conducted with 142 patients with gastric cancer who completed questionnaires on coping flexibility, postgastrectomy dysfunction, health literacy, and perceived social support. Coping flexibility was measured using the Coping Flexibility Scale-Revised, which includes three subscales: Abandonment Coping (i.