Development and validation of an algorithm for identifying patients undergoing dialysis from patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

Background: Identifying patients on dialysis among those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 15 mL/min/1.73 m remains challenging. To facilitate clinical research in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) using electronic health records, we aimed to develop algorithms to identify dialysis patients using laboratory data obtained in routine practice.

Control of flow deflection angle around the corner using microjet array.

In this study, a new technique for active control of the flow around a corner is proposed and a key parameter dominating the flow deflection angle is proposed. In the technique, a microjet array is used for controlling the deflection of the flow at 33 m/s ~ 54 m/s around the 25-degree corner with a small downstream-facing step, the surface of which is lined with the micro-orifices from which jets are injected into the flow. The flow velocities around the corner are measured using a PIV (particle image velocimetry) technique under each condition for injecting the microjets into the flow.

Japanese waka translation supported by internet of things and artificial intelligence technology.

With the advancement of internet of things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) technology, access to large-scale bilingual parallel data has become more efficient, thereby accelerating the development and application of machine translation. Given the increasing cultural exchanges between China and Japan, many scholars have begun to study the Chinese translation of Japanese waka poetry. Based on this, the study first explores the structure of waka and the current state of its Chinese translations, analyzing existing translation disputes and introducing a data collection method for waka using IoT.

A mouse model of deep vein thrombosis by inferior vena cava hypoperfusion using ameroid constrictors.

Traditional mouse models for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), frequently utilized in research focused on cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT), reliably induce thrombus formation by obstructing blood flow (BF) in the inferior vena cava (IVC), which does not occur in humans. Therefore, to develop a new DVT model for CAT studies, we implanted an ameroid constrictor (AC), a hygroscopic casein C-shape device, around the IVC and aorta of immunocompromised mice. We evaluated the thrombus 3 and 8 days post-AC implantation and compared it with the traditional model 2 days post-vena cava ligation.

Prediction of ECG signals from ballistocardiography using deep learning for the unconstrained measurement of heartbeat intervals.

We developed a deep learning-based extraction of electrocardiographic (ECG) waves from ballistocardiographic (BCG) signals and explored their use in R-R interval (RRI) estimation. Preprocessed BCG and reference ECG signals were inputted into the bidirectional long short-term memory network to train the model to minimize the loss function of the mean squared error between the predicted ECG (pECG) and genuine ECG signals. Using a dataset acquired with polyvinylidene fluoride and ECG sensors in different recumbent positions from 18 participants, we generated pECG signals from preprocessed BCG signals using the learned model and evaluated the RRI estimation performance by comparing the predicted RRI with the reference RRI obtained from the ECG signal using a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation scheme.

Swarm navigation of cyborg-insects in unknown obstructed soft terrain.

Cyborg insects refer to hybrid robots that integrate living insects with miniature electronic controllers to enable robotic-like programmable control. These creatures exhibit advantages over conventional robots in adaption to complex terrain and sustained energy efficiency. Nevertheless, there is a lack of literature on the control of multi-cyborg systems.

Maternal milk fat globule membrane enriched gut and circulating SCFAs to improve placental efficiency and fetal development in intrauterine growth restricted mice model.

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) caused by placental dysfunctions leads to fetal growth defects. Maternal microbiome and its metabolites have been reported to promote placental development. Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is known for its diverse bioactive functions, while the effects of gestational MFGM supplementation on the maternal gut microbiota, placental efficiency, and fetal development remained unclear.

Hierarchical representations of relative numerical magnitudes in the human frontoparietal cortex.

The ability to estimate numerical magnitude is essential for decision-making and is thought to underlie arithmetic skills. In humans, neural populations in the frontoparietal regions are tuned to represent numerosity. However, it remains unclear whether their response properties are fixed to a specific numerosity (i.

Photoredox/Sulfide Dual Catalysis for Modular Synthesis of Multi-Substituted Furan Rings via Catalytic Indirect Reductive Quenching.

The catalytic indirect reductive quenching method is facilitated by a combination of Ir(III) photoredox and sulfide dual-catalysis system. This study demonstrated a method for synthesizing multi-substituted furans by using a photoredox/sulfide dual-catalysis system. This method enables the synthesis of various furan derivatives, including spirofurans and phthalans.

Distribution and functional analysis of two-types of Quorum Sensing Gene Pairs, glaI1/glaR1 and glaI2/glaR2, in Burkholderia gladioli.

Burkholderia gladioli produces a yellow-pigmented toxin called toxoflavin, and causes disease on a variety of plants. Previous studies have suggested that the pathogenicity of B. gladioli is regulated by an N-acyl-l-homoserine lactone (AHL)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) system.

Nitro-oleic acid alleviates inflammation and fibrosis by regulating macrophage polarization and fibroblast activation to improve cardiac function in MI mice.

Chronic heart failure, caused by myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remains a serious clinical problem that needs urgent resolution. Nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO), an electrophilic nitro-fatty acid found in human plasma, is believed to regulate various pathophysiological functions, particularly anti-inflammation and anti-fibrosis. However, the role of OA-NO in AMI remains unexplored.

Database Construction for the Virtual Screening of the Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Ketones.

During the recent development of machine-learning (ML) methods for organic synthesis, the value of "failed experiments" has increasingly been acknowledged. Accordingly, we have developed an exhaustive database comprising 300 entries of experimental data obtained by performing ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogenation reactions using 10 ketones as substrates and 30 phosphine ligands. After evaluating the predictive performance of ML models using the constructed database, we conducted a virtual screening of commercially available phosphine ligands.

Excitation Spillover from PSII to PSI in Leaves at 77K.

Heterogeneous distribution of PSI and PSII in thick grana in shade chloroplasts is argued to hinder spillover of chlorophyll excitations from PSII to PSI. To examine this dogma, we measured fluorescence induction at 77K at 690 nm (PSII) and 760 nm (mostly PSI) in the leaf discs of Spinacia oleracea, Cucumis sativus and shade tolerant Alocasia odora, grown at high and low light, and quantified their spillover capacities. PSI fluorescence (FI) consists of the intrinsic PSI fluorescence (FIα) and fluorescence caused by excitations spilt over from PSII (FIβ).

Birth weight and head circumference for 22-29 weeks gestation neonates from an international cohort.

Objective: Size at birth is a key indicator of in utero growth. Our objective was to generate sex-specific percentiles for birth weight and head circumference in neonates born between 22 and 29 weeks gestation from pregnancies without hypertension or diabetes and assess differences between vaginal and caesarean births and between singletons and twins.

Methods: We used data from 12 countries participating in the International Network for Evaluating Outcomes in Neonates database from 2007 to 2021.

Construction of carbon dot-embedded fluorescent hydrogels based on oxidized gum arabic-gelatin Schiff base for Cr(VI) detection applications.

In this study, a novel nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot/oxidized gum arabic-gelatin-based fluorescent probe (NAH) was prepared using gelatin (GL) and gum arabic (AG) biomolecules. The primary network structure of this hydrogel consisted of polyacrylamide (PAM), while a secondary network structure was constructed between oxidized gum arabic and gelatin through the reaction of the Schiff base, which significantly enhanced the mechanical properties, the stress and strain of NAH reached 266.47 KPa and 2175.

Boosted antibiotic degradation using magnetite nanoparticles doped ultrafine activated charcoal powder to activate HO: Insights into mechanisms and competitive kinetics.

The treatment of antibiotic wastewater often faces the challenge of simultaneously and effectively degrading multiple components under complex conditions. To address this challenge, magnetite nanoparticles doped ultrafine activated charcoal powder (MNPs/UACP), which effectively catalyzed the decomposition of HO into •OH and HO•, was prepared using chemical co-precipitation. Under optimum conditions (i.

YY2-CYP51A1 signaling suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by restraining de novo cholesterol biosynthesis.

Lipid accumulation is a frequently observed characteristic of cancer. Lipid accumulation is closely related to tumor progression, metastasis, and drug resistance; however, the mechanism underlying lipid metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells is not fully understood. Yin yang 2 (YY2) is a C2H2‑zinc finger transcription factor that exerts tumor-suppressive effects.

Tunicate-specific protein Epi-1 is essential for conferring hydrophilicity to the larval tunic in the ascidian Ciona.

Animals must avoid adhesion to objects in the environment to maintain their mobility and independence. The marine invertebrate chordate ascidians are characterized by an acellular matrix tunic enveloping their entire body for protection and swimming. The tunic of ascidian larvae consists of a surface cuticle layer and inner matrix layer.

Enhanced expression of Cyp17a1 and production of DHEA-S in the liver of late-pregnant rats.

Cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1) catalyzes two enzymatic reactions in the biosynthesis of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) from pregnenolone. In pregnant humans, the adrenal gland is responsible for DHEA biosynthesis, which is then sulfated by SULT2A1 and released into the bloodstream. This sulfated DHEA is subsequently taken up by the placenta and deconjugated to serve as a precursor for estrogen biosynthesis.

Cardiovascular Safety and Fracture Prevention Effectiveness of Denosumab Versus Oral Bisphosphonates in Patients Receiving Dialysis : A Target Trial Emulation.

Background: Dialysis patients have high rates of fracture morbidity, but evidence on optimal management strategies for osteoporosis is scarce.

Objective: To determine the risk for cardiovascular events and fracture prevention effects with denosumab compared with oral bisphosphonates in dialysis-dependent patients.

Design: An observational study that attempts to emulate a target trial.

Treatment Outcomes of Canine Orbital Meningiomas in Seven Cases.

Although intracranial and spinal cord meningioma prognoses have been reported, few studies have evaluated the outcomes and prognoses of orbital and optic nerve meningiomas in dogs. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of canine orbital meningiomas. The seven dogs included were cytologically or histopathologically diagnosed with meningiomas.