Characteristics of Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Cannulation in Older Japanese Inpatients.

Age-related physiological changes affect various aspects of peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) cannulation. However, the characteristics of PIVCs, especially in older patients, have been poorly investigated. In the current cross-sectional observational study, PIVC sizes, PIVC sites, the number of attempts until successful insertion, and the degree of venodilation upon insertion among hospital inpatients aged ≥65 years were investigated, along with measurements of the vessel diameter and depth using ultrasound.

Functional Diversity of Senescent Cells in Driving Aging Phenotypes and Facilitating Tissue Regeneration.

As the global population continues to age, understanding the complex role of cellular senescence and its implications in healthy lifespans has gained increasing prominence. Cellular senescence is defined as the irreversible cessation of cell proliferation, accompanied by the secretion of a range of pro-inflammatory factors, collectively termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), in response to various cellular stresses. While the accumulation of senescent cells has been strongly implicated in the aging process and the pathogenesis of age-related diseases owing to their pro-inflammatory properties, recent research has also highlighted their essential roles in processes such as tumour suppression, tissue development, and repair.

Cellular Senescence in The Cancer Microenvironment.

In this aging society, the number of patients suffering from age-related diseases, including cancer, is increasing. Cellular senescence is a cell fate that involves permanent cell cycle arrest. Accumulated senescent cells in tissues over time present senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and make the inflammatory context, disturbing the tumor microenvironment.

Genetic polymorphisms of the Growth Hormone (GH) gene in Damascus and Black Bengal male goats.

Sustainable agriculture approaches necessitate a concerted effort from researchers to establish paths that meet global population needs without compromising environmental resources. Goats are unique among ruminants because of their ability to adapt to some of the harshest environments around the world. Growth Hormone (GH) gene is a major regulator of muscle mass growth.

Environmental bioremediation of pharmaceutical residues: microbial processes and technological innovations: a review.

The ubiquitous presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment has become a significant concern due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential in biota, and diverse implications for human health and wildlife. This review provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in environmental bioremediation techniques for reducing pharmaceutical residues, with a special emphasis on microbial physiological aspects. Numerous microorganisms, including algae, bacteria or fungi, can biodegrade various pharmaceutical compounds such as antibiotics, analgesics and beta-blockers.

Tele-robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy using a double-surgeon cockpit on a cadaver.

We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) on cadavers in the prone position, utilizing telesurgical support through the double-surgeon cockpit (double SC) of the novel Japanese-made surgical robot system, hinotori (Medicaroid, Kobe, Japan). The Cadaveric Anatomy and Surgical Training Laboratory (CAST Lab) at Hokkaido University and Kushiro City General Hospital (KCGH) are interconnected by a dedicated 1 Gbps internet line, spanning 300 km. An operation unit and double SC were installed at CAST Lab, whereas the double SC proctor was installed at KCGH.

Essential Competencies in Nursing Leadership From Asian Leaders' Perspectives.

The literature on nursing leadership tends to be mainly based on Western perspectives and models, which could be viewed as an imperialistic and colonialist aspect of nursing knowledge development. Furthermore, leadership competencies and skills could differ across countries due to variations in cultural backgrounds. The purpose of this discussion paper is to identify essential competencies of leaders from Asian nurse leaders' perspectives and provide suggestions for future nursing leadership.

Pediatric Myeloid Neoplasms With UBTF Tandem Duplications: Morphologic, Immunophenotypic, and Clinical Characterization.

Tandem duplications (TDs) in exons of upstream binding transcription factor (UBTF-TD) are a rare recurrent alteration in pediatric and adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/neoplasm. Although recently identified, AML with UBTF-TD is now considered a distinct subtype of AML. To further our understanding of myeloid neoplasms with UBTF-TD, we analyzed clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic characteristics of 27 pediatric patients with UBTF-TD-positive myeloid neoplasm, including 21 diagnosed as AML and 6 as MDS.

Prediction of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Model and Electronic Medical Record Information.

Predicting cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (Cis-AKI) before its onset is important. We aimed to develop a predictive model for Cis-AKI using patient clinical information based on an interpretable machine learning algorithm. This single-center retrospective study included hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18 years who received the first course of cisplatin chemotherapy from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, at Nagoya City University Hospital.

Superoxide dismutase 2 deficiency in mesenchymal stromal cells induces sympathetic denervation and functional impairment of brown adipose tissue.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an energy-consuming organ, and its functional dysregulation contributes to the development of metabolic diseases and obesity. BAT function is regulated by the sympathetic nervous system but declines with age, which is partly caused by reduced sympathetic nerve fibers innervating BAT. Thus far, the role of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in age-related BAT dysfunction remains unknown.

Histopathological study of the localization/distribution of Fusobacterium nucleatum in esophageal cancer.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is implicated in esophageal cancer; however, its distribution in esophageal cancer tissues remains unknown. This study aimed to clarify the presence and distribution of F. nucleatum in esophageal cancer tissues using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Adolescents and young adults with social withdrawal in France: Sociodemographic characteristics and validation of the French version of the Hikikomori Questionnaire-25 (HQ-25).

Background: Clinical situations marked by severe social withdrawal in youths are increasingly recognized as an important public health issue in European countries, while the relation with the hikikomori syndrome initially described in Japan remains poorly investigated.

Aims: This study aims to describe the sociodemographic features of adolescents and young adults with social withdrawal in French and to validate a French version of the Hikikomori Questiuonnaire-25 (HQ-25).

Method: An online questionnaire was completed by 450 participants aged 13 to 25 years.

Examples from US Policies to Reduce Oversupply and Overutilization: Lessons for the Japanese Health Care System.

The Japanese health care system provides universal coverage with relatively low cost sharing and patients have a free choice of providers. Although Japan's government price controls have helped to restrain the growth in health care spending, the country's rapidly growing elderly population and adoption of new drugs and technologies have placed increased fiscal pressures on its health care system. Additionally, the Japanese health care system does not have the infrastructure in place to restrain utilization, which may be a key driver of increases in health care spending.

Droplet-Scale Conversion of Aluminum into Transparent Aluminum Oxide by Low-Voltage Anodization in an Electrowetting System.

A localized conversion of aluminum into transparent aluminum oxide by droplet-scale anodization is demonstrated in this work. The anodized region can be contained and controlled on the basis of the electrowetting response of the droplet. A highly uniform and transparent anodized spot was achieved using an anodization voltage of 2 V for 10 min.

Management of pediatric Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: Highlighting the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ischemic polypectomy.

Objectives: Patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) require continuous medical management throughout their lives. However, few case series regarding the clinical course, polyp surveillance, and treatment, including endoscopic ischemic polypectomy (EIP) for pediatric patients with PJS, were reported. We analyzed the current status and clinical course of pediatric patients with PJS under the management of our institute, including those treated with EIP.

Progress of Baggy Eyelid: An Anatomical Study.

Purpose: To examine microscopically the progress of baggy eyelid formation in the lower eyelid.

Methods: Histological evaluation of 17 central lower eyelids (11 right and 6 left) from 13 Japanese cadavers (age range: 36-97 years, average: 73.0 years) was performed.

Salivary β2-Microglobulin, Na+, and Cortisol Levels, and Salivary Glands' Uptakes in Sialoscintigraphy in Sjögren Disease.

Objective: For early diagnosis and inquiry into the pathophysiology of Sjögren disease (SjD), salivary secretion and component levels, and salivary glands' uptakes in sialoscintigraphy were examined, in this cross-sectional study.

Methods: Patients who visited our hospital with suspected SjD between April 2016 and March 2020 were checked for unstimulated salivary secretion and β2-microglobulin, Na+, and cortisol levels in saliva. The patients who showed any abnormal salivary test results underwent sialoscintigraphy; the uptakes in the parotid, submandibular, and thyroid glands were compared using paired t test.

Revival of the heat shock response after two decades with a small Hsp in a critical but distinct act.

The heat stress response is an essential defense mechanism in all organisms. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are produced in response to thermal stress, with their expression levels regulated by heat shock transcription factors. In the key transcription factor σ positively regulates Hsp expression.

Circadian clock gene BMAL1 is involved in transforming growth factor β1-induced fibrotic response in NRK-49F cells.

The transcription factor brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) is a clock protein involved in various diseases, including atherosclerosis and cancer. However, BMAL1's involvement in kidney fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, a gap addressed in this study. Analysis through Masson's trichrome and Sirius red staining revealed that all groups exposed to unilateral ureteral obstruction showed increased BMAL1 protein expression accompanied by increased TGF-β1 expression and elevated key fibrosis markers, including α-SMA, compared with sham groups.

Pitfalls of the E-Ref Procedure: Tie Values and the Proportion of the Abnormal Data.

Introduction: Extrapolated reference values (E-Ref) procedure is a new method for determining the cutoff value without collecting the control data. We tried to apply this method to determine the cutoff value for the distal motor latency of the median nerve (median DML). During this process, we found two pitfalls of the E-Ref method.

Real-world antithrombotic strategies in patients with atrial fibrillation and recently developed acute coronary syndrome.

Background: The antithrombotic strategy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary artery disease following percutaneous coronary intervention is shifting towards less intensive. Nevertheless, for patients with AF and acute coronary syndrome (ACS), an optimal antithrombotic strategy is yet to be established.

Methods And Results: We conducted a multi-center cohort study involving 146 Japanese centers that had prospectively registered 460 patients with AF and ACS followed for 2 years.

Rectal Gas-Induced Dose Changes in Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: An In Silico Study.

Purpose: This study aims to determine dosimetric influence of rectal gas in carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) for prostate cancer and to establish a procedure for removal rectal gas in clinical scenarios.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed 18 prostate cancer cases with bulky rectal gas. The dose distribution was recalculated on computed tomography (CT) with bulky rectal gas (gasCT) after creating the initial plan on a CT without bulky rectal gas, and the doses were transformed using a displacement vector field.