Disruptive multiple cell death pathways of bisphenol-A.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) significantly contribute to health issues by interfering with hormonal functions. Bisphenol A (BPA), a prominent EDC, is extensively utilized as a monomer and plasticizer in producing polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, making it one of the highest-demanded chemicals in commercial use. This is the major component used in plastic products, including bottles, containers, storage items, and food serving ware.

Redo mitral valve replacement with annular reconstruction of left atrial dissection following mitral valve replacement for infective endocarditis: a case report.

Background: Left atrial dissection is a rare and occasionally fatal complication of cardiac surgery and is defined as the creation of a false chamber through a tear in the mitral valve annulus extending into the left atrial wall. Some patients are asymptomatic, while others present with various symptoms, such as chest pain, dyspnea, and even cardiac arrest. Although there is no established management for left atrial dissection, surgery should be considered in patients with hemodynamic disruption.

Context-dependent similarity analysis of analogue series for structure-activity relationship transfer based on a concept from natural language processing.

Analogue series (AS) are generated during compound optimization in medicinal chemistry and are the major source of structure-activity relationship (SAR) information. Pairs of active AS consisting of compounds with corresponding substituents and comparable potency progression represent SAR transfer events for the same target or across different targets. We report a new computational approach to systematically search for SAR transfer series that combines an AS alignment algorithm with context-depending similarity assessment based on vector embeddings adapted from natural language processing.

TFE3-rearranged perivascular epithelioid cell tumors of the head and neck with rare fusion partners: clues to the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant tumors.

Background: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) rarely appear in the head and neck region. This case report describes two transcription factor E3 (TFE3)-rearranged PEComa cases, consisting of one in the orbit and one in the nasal cavity.

Case Presentation: Both cases demonstrated sheet-like or focal nested architecture and comprised epithelioid cells with abundant clear to eosinophilic cytoplasm and vascular stroma.

Acquired sperm hypomethylation by gestational arsenic exposure is re-established in both the paternal and maternal genomes of post-epigenetic reprogramming embryos.

Background: DNA methylation plays a crucial role in mammalian development. While methylome changes acquired in the parental genomes are believed to be erased by epigenetic reprogramming, accumulating evidence suggests that methylome changes in sperm caused by environmental factors are involved in the disease phenotypes of the offspring. These findings imply that acquired sperm methylome changes are transferred to the embryo after epigenetic reprogramming.

A review of novel methods to assist digital planning and execution of osteotomy for upper limb deformities.

Corrective osteotomy for upper limb deformities caused by fractures, trauma, or degeneration necessitates detailed preoperative planning to ensure accurate anatomical alignment, restore limb length, and correct angular deformities. This review evaluates the effectiveness of a three-dimensional (3D) preoperative planning program and an image fusion system designed for intraoperative guidance during corrective osteotomy procedures. The application processes and clinical outcomes observed with these technologies in various surgical scenarios involving the upper extremities were summarized.

The association between type 2 diabetes and asthma incidence: a longitudinal analysis considering genetic susceptibility.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and asthma is rising, yet evidence regarding the relationship between T2D and asthma, particularly in the context of genetic predispositions, remains limited.

Methods: This study utilized data from the UK Biobank longitudinal cohort, involving 388,775 participants. A polygenic risk score (PRS) for asthma was derived from genome-wide association studies summary.

Behavior changes to promote preconception health: a systematic review.

Background: Preconception care is expected to prevent diseases, promote health, and improve pregnancy outcomes. Although a consensus exists on the efficacy of folic acid supplementation and preconception vaccination, evidence regarding comprehensive approaches to preconception care targeting the general population remains lacking. We aimed to identify and examine preconception care programs delivered to reproductive-aged women and men to promote behavioral change.

Temporal changes of tibial eminence after bi-cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Bicruciate-retaining (BCR) prostheses have been introduced to recreate normal knee movements by preserving both the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. One of the surgical procedures essential to the success of BCR total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is preservation of the tibial eminence. However, in our clinical experience, we found that a well-preserved tibial eminence changed its shape chronologically after the operation.

Dyadic effects of illness perception and maladaptive cognitive-emotional regulation strategies on the fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients and spouses: an actor-partner interdependence mediation model.

Purpose: Breast cancer, as a stressful event, profoundly impacts the entire family, especially patients and their spouses. This study used a dyadic analysis approach to explore the dyadic effects of illness perception on the fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) and whether maladaptive cognitive-emotional regulation strategies acted as a mediator in breast cancer patient-spouse dyads.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and 202 dyads of breast cancer patients and their spouses were enrolled.

Preoperative CT lymph node size as a predictor of nodal metastasis in resectable Colon cancer: a retrospective study of 694 patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of measuring lymph node size on preoperative CT imaging to predict pathological lymph node metastasis in patients with colon cancer to enhance diagnostic accuracy and improve treatment planning by establishing more reliable assessment methods for lymph node metastasis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1,056 patients who underwent colorectal resection at our institution between January 2004 and March 2020. From this cohort, 694 patients with resectable colon cancer were included in the study.

Continuous high-soy protein soymilk intake affects ordinary walking speed in the Japanese pre-frail and frail elderly: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: To investigate whether continuous intervention using soymilk containing high soy protein improves physical frailty, a randomized controlled trial was conducted among the Japanese pre-frail and frail elderly.

Methods: Japanese pre-frail and frail elderly participants (n = 73) were randomly assigned to the high-soy protein and control groups, who then ingested soymilk containing 14.5 g/200 ml and 3.

Association between edaravone use and activities of daily living in older patients with atherothrombotic stroke: an observational study using Japanese real-world data.

Background: Edaravone is marketed in nine countries, although only Japan has approved edaravone for improvement of neurological symptom, disability of activities of daily living (ADL), and functional disability associated with acute stroke. This study aimed to elucidate the association of edaravone use with ADL using real-world data of older patients with atherothrombotic stroke.

Methods: This retrospective observational research using the Medical Data Vision database in Japan included patients aged 65 years and older who had acute ischemic stroke of the atherothrombotic subtype.

Recent trends in scientific research in chest radiology: What to do or not to do? That is the critical question in research.

Hereby inviting young rising stars in chest radiology in Japan for contributing what they are working currently, we would like to show the potentials and directions of the near future research trends in the research field. I will provide a reflection on my own research topics. At the end, we also would like to discuss on how to choose the themes and topics of research: What to do or not to do? We strongly believe it will stimulate and help investigators in the field.

Clinical and radiological features of gastric and small intestinal anisakiasis: comparison with gastric ulcers and crohn's disease.

Purpose: To compare the clinical and radiological features of gastric and small intestinal anisakiasis with those of gastric ulcers and Crohn's disease.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 205 cases of anisakiasis (148 gastric; 53 small intestinal) were identified between July 2003 and February 2022. The control groups included 130 and 31 patients with gastric ulcers and Crohn's disease, respectively.

Multistage deep learning for classification of Helicobacter pylori infection status using endoscopic images.

Background: The automated classification of Helicobacter pylori infection status is gaining attention, distinguishing among uninfected (no history of H. pylori infection), current infection, and post-eradication. However, this classification has relatively low performance, primarily due to the intricate nature of the task.

Clinical significance of the preoperative prognostic nutritional index in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter study.

Purpose: To validate the clinical impacts of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), an immune-nutritional blood marker, in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using multicenter cohort data.

Methods: The subjects of this retrospective multicenter study, involving 11 hospitals, were patients who underwent curative lung resection for pathological stage IA-IIIA NSCLC. We analyzed the relationship between the preoperative PNI and postoperative outcomes.

Updates on neonatal cell and novel therapeutics: Proceedings of the Second Neonatal Cell Therapies Symposium (2024).

Cell therapies as treatments for neonatal conditions have attracted significant research and parent interest over the last two decades. Mesenchymal stromal cells, umbilical cord blood cells and neural stem cells translate from lab, to preclinical and into clinical trials, with contributions being made from all over the world. Effective and timely translation involves frequent reflection and consultation from research-adjacent fields (i.

Ferroelectricity with concomitant Coulomb screening in van der Waals heterostructures.

Interfacial ferroelectricity emerges in non-centrosymmetric heterostructures consisting of non-polar van der Waals (vdW) layers. Ferroelectricity with concomitant Coulomb screening can switch topological currents or superconductivity and simulate synaptic response. So far, it has only been realized in bilayer graphene moiré superlattices, posing stringent requirements to constituent materials and twist angles.

Re-evaluating prognostic factors for cervical cancer with lymph node metastasis: a Japanese multicenter cohort study based on FIGO 2018.

Background: In 2018, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) revised its cervical cancer staging system to enhance clinical relevance, notably by categorizing lymph node metastases (LNM) as an independent stage IIIC. This multicenter study evaluates the prognostic implications of the FIGO 2018 classification within a Japanese cohort.

Methods: This study included 1468 patients with cervical cancer.

Anticancer effect of the antirheumatic drug leflunomide on oral squamous cell carcinoma by the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.

Objectives: Leflunomide (LEF) is a conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and suppresses T-cell proliferation and activity by inhibiting pyrimidine synthesis using dihydroorotase dehydrogenase (DHODH); however, several studies have demonstrated that LEF possesses anticancer and antiangiogenic effects in some malignant tumors. Therefore, we investigated the anticancer and antiangiogenic effects of LEF on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of LEF on OSCC, cell proliferation and wound-healing assays using human OSCC cell lines were performed.

Impact of aspirin on biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after robot assisted radical prostatectomy in a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

This study evaluated the impact of aspirin on the biochemical recurrence (BCR) rate following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients. A database search identified patients who underwent RARP for pT2-3N0M0 disease at any of 25 centers between 2011 and 2022, categorized into aspirin (n = 350) and control groups (n = 5857). Adjustment by 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) and Mahalanobis distance matching (MDM) created 350 matched pairs.

G-quadruplex-forming small RNA inhibits coronavirus and influenza A virus replication.

Future pandemic threats may be caused by novel coronaviruses and influenza A viruses. Here we show that when directly added to a cell culture, 12mer guanine RNA (G12) and its phosphorothioate-linked derivatives (G12(S)), rapidly entered cytoplasm and suppressed the propagation of human coronaviruses and influenza A viruses to between 1/100 and nearly 1/1000 of normal virus infectivity without cellular toxicity and induction of innate immunity. Moreover, G12(S) alleviated the weight loss caused by coronavirus infection in mice.

The microcephaly-associated transcriptional regulator AUTS2 cooperates with Polycomb complex PRC2 to produce upper-layer neurons in mice.

AUTS2 syndrome is characterized by intellectual disability and microcephaly, and is often associated with autism spectrum disorder, but the underlying mechanisms, particularly concerning microcephaly, remain incompletely understood. Here, we analyze mice mutated for the transcriptional regulator AUTS2, which recapitulate microcephaly. Their brains exhibit reduced division of intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs), leading to fewer neurons and decreased thickness in the upper-layer cortex.