Suppression of FcεRI-evoked Degranulation in RBL-2H3 Cells on Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel.

Cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions play multiple roles in developmental, physiological, and pathological processes. ECM stiffness substantially affects cellular morphology, migration, and function. In this study, we investigated the effect of ECM comprising gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) on the activation of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells, a model mast cell line.

Localization and Spread of Challenging Conduction Gaps of Pulmonary Veins for Atrial Fibrillation Cryoablation.

Background: Cryoballoon ablation has been widely performed in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). In some challenging pulmonary veins (PVs), the procedure requires additional touch-up applications against the residual conduction gaps. It implies that there could exist difficult sites to cover with standard cryoballoon applications (CBAs), resulting in resistant conduction gaps (RCGs).

Potential role of electroencephalographic monitoring for diagnosis and treatment of local anesthetic systemic toxicity during general anesthesia: a case report.

Background: Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication. Under general anesthesia, neurological signs are often masked, delaying diagnosis and increasing the risk of sudden cardiovascular collapse. Therefore, early detection methods are critically needed.

An effective surgical educational system in the era of robotic surgery: "Double-Surgeon Technique" in robotic gastrectomy for minimally invasive surgery.

Purpose: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major malignancy. Robotic gastrectomy (RG) has gained popularity due to various advantages. Despite those advantages, many hospitals lack the necessary equipment for RG and are still performing laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) due to its established minimal invasiveness and safety.

Photocatalytic Alkene-Migrative Chain Elongation of 2-Phosphinostyrenes with Aldehydes.

The photocatalytic alkene-migrative chain elongation reaction of 2-phosphinostyrenes with aldehydes under mild conditions in response to blue light was demonstrated. A broad range of aldehydes, both aliphatic and aromatic, participated in this reaction to afford alkene-phosphine oxides in a -selective manner. Mechanistic experiments suggested the formation of benzophospholene-based ylide intermediates via photocatalytic cyclization of phosphinostyrenes followed by solvent-mediated proton transfer under base-free reaction conditions.

Machine Learning Boosted Entropy-Engineered Synthesis of CuCo Nanometric Solid Solution Alloys for Near-100% Nitrate-to-Ammonia Selectivity.

Nanometric solid solution alloys are utilized in a broad range of fields, including catalysis, energy storage, medical application, and sensor technology. Unfortunately, the synthesis of these alloys becomes increasingly challenging as the disparity between the metal elements grows, due to differences in atomic sizes, melting points, and chemical affinities. This study utilized a data-driven approach incorporating sample balancing enhancement techniques and multilayer perceptron (MLP) algorithms to improve the model's ability to handle imbalanced data, significantly boosting the efficiency of experimental parameter optimization.

Superior Maximization of Sphenoidotomy With Olfaction Preservation in Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery.

In endoscopic endonasal surgery for anterior skull base lesions, maximizing the anterior sphenoidotomy in the superior part is crucial for direct visualization and creating a wide working corridor. Here, we describe a technique we devised that maximizes upper anterior sphenoidotomy while preserving the olfactory mucosa. Laryngoscope, 2024.

Surgical ciliated cyst a newly added entity in WHO classification of head and neck tumours (2022): A case report.

The surgical ciliated cyst is a newly added entity under the cysts of the jaws in the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Head and Neck Tumours (2022). It is preceded by a prior surgery to the jaw many years before its diagnosis. A 53-year-old Chinese female, who had undergone cleft lip and palate repair followed by orthognathic surgery before the age of 20, was referred for management of an incidentally found cyst in the left maxilla.

A case of trichoblastic carcinoma admixed with histological features of trichoblastoma, trichoepithelioma, and basal cell carcinoma.

Trichoblastic carcinoma, trichoblastoma, trichoepithelioma, and basal cell carcinoma are histologically characterised by basaloid cell proliferation. In this report, we describe the case of a 76-year-old man who presented with trichoblastic carcinoma admixed with histological features of trichoblastoma, trichoepithelioma, and basal cell carcinoma. These tumours may not be situated separately but must be related to each other in terms of tumorigenesis.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine combined with screening for cervical cancer in Japan.

Objective: In Japan, the current coverage rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is only 30%, and the rate of biennial cervical screening is 40%. The Japanese Government has attempted to increase the coverage of HPV vaccination and cervical screening. We analyzed the cost-effectiveness of the 9-valent HPV vaccine and cervical screening in Japan.

Impact of Race on the Outcomes of Retinoblastoma Treated With Primary Enucleation: A Global Study of 1426 Patients.

Background: To evaluate the clinical presentation, pathological features and outcomes of retinoblastoma based on the race of origin in a global cohort of patients.

Methods: Retrospective collaborative study of 1426 patients who underwent primary enucleation for retinoblastoma.

Results: Patients were grouped into Caucasians (n = 231, 16%), Asians (n = 841, 59%), Hispanics (n = 226, 16%), Arabs (n = 96, 7%) and Others (Africans, African Americans, Indigenous Australians; n = 32, 2%) cohorts.

Quantitative Live Imaging Reveals Phase Dependency of PDAC Patient-Derived Organoids on ERK and AMPK Activity.

Patient-derived organoids represent a novel platform to recapitulate the cancer cells in the patient tissue. While cancer heterogeneity has been extensively studied by a number of omics approaches, little is known about the spatiotemporal kinase activity dynamics. Here we applied a live imaging approach to organoids derived from 10 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients to comprehensively understand their heterogeneous growth potential and drug responses.

The Efficacy of Liquid Biopsy of Total cfDNA for Predicting Systemic Metastasis in Japanese Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The use of liquid biopsy of total cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to identify otherwise undetectable cancers has attracted interest; however, its efficacy remains unknown. We explored whether analysis using total cfDNA is efficacious for Japanese patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: We collected total cfDNA from nine patients with OSCC preoperatively, 1 month postoperatively, and every 3 months thereafter to analyze this association.

A Case of Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma With Recurrent Brain Metastasis due to Transformation to Small Cell Carcinoma During Adjuvant Atezolizumab Therapy.

Histologic transformation from non-small cell to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a resistance mechanism to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We report herein a case of lung adenocarcinoma who developed liver and brain metastases during adjuvant atezolizumab therapy. The patient underwent a craniotomy to resect a brain metastasis, which was pathologically diagnosed as SCLC.

[Investigation of iridotrabecular contact in primary angle closure].

Purpose: This study compares and evaluates the parameters of iridotrabecular contact (ITC) in patients with primary angle closure disease (PACD) with natural lenses and pseudophakia based on anterior segment imaging data from swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Material And Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 92 patients aged 32 to 89 years, and included 56 patients with PACD (43 with natural lenses and 13 with pseudophakia) and 36 in the control group (21 with natural lenses and 15 with pseudophakia). All participants underwent SS-OCT (CASIA2; Tomey Corporation, Japan), which included an assessment of the ITC Index and ITC Area.

Prognostic role of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis: insights from ILLUMINATE-CS.

Aims: The prognostic role of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) as a biomarker in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) has yet to be fully determined, especially when compared with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP).

Methods And Results: In this post-hoc analysis of the ILLUMINATE-CS (ILLUstration of the Management and prognosIs of JapaNese pATiEnts with Cardiac Sarcoidosis), which is a multicentre retrospective observational study, we analysed 103 patients (62.2 ± 10.

Endoscopic mucosal resection and open-lid submucosal biopsy for the diagnosis of diffuse infiltrative gastric cancer: a retrospective observational study.

Background And Study Aims: Diffuse infiltrative gastric cancer can be difficult to diagnose owing to a lack of endoscopic features in the superficial mucosa. Moreover, a forceps biopsy may not reveal a pathological diagnosis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and 'open-lid submucosal biopsy', a technique wherein EMR followed by biopsy of the ulcer floor is performed for a pathological diagnosis.

Exploring the impact of perioperative analgesia on postoperative chronic analgesic prescriptions in patients with lung cancer undergoing minimally invasive thoracic surgery: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Lung cancer surgery is associated with a high incidence of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP), which necessitates long-term analgesic prescriptions. However, while essential for managing pain, these have shown various adverse effects. Current guidelines recommend using peripheral nerve blocks over epidural anaesthesia for perioperative analgesia in minimally invasive thoracic surgery (MITS).

Leaf Na+ effects and multi-trait GWAS point to salt exclusion as the key mechanism for reproductive stage salinity tolerance in rice.

Background And Aims: Since salinity stress may occur across stages of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crop growth, understanding the effects of salinity at reproductive stage is important although it has been much less studied than at seedling stage.

Methods: In this study, lines from the Rice Diversity Panel 1 (RDP1) and the 3000 Rice Genomes (3KRG) were used to screen morphological and physiological traits, map loci controlling salinity tolerance through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and identify favorable haplotypes associated with reproductive stage salinity tolerance.

Ca signaling in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells in blood vessel remodeling: a review.

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) act together to regulate blood pressure and systemic blood flow by appropriately adjusting blood vessel diameter in response to biochemical or biomechanical stimuli. Ion channels that are expressed in these cells regulate membrane potential and cytosolic Ca concentration ([Ca]) in response to such stimuli. The subsets of these ion channels involved in Ca signaling often form molecular complexes with intracellular molecules via scaffolding proteins.

Lung transplantation for diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations associated with juvenile polyposis-hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia overlap syndrome: a case report.

Background: Lung transplantation is a viable lifesaving option for patients with diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We present a case of diffuse pulmonary AVMs associated with juvenile polyposis and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (JP-HHT) that was successfully managed by lung transplantation.

Case Presentation: A 19-year-old woman developed severe hypoxemia due to pulmonary AVMs diagnosed at 4 years of age.

Th17 and effector CD8 T cells relate to disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case control study.

The immune system has garnered attention due to its association with disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the role of peripheral immune cells in this context remains controversial. Here, we conducted single-cell RNA-sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to comprehensively profile immune cells concerning the rate of disease progression in patients with ALS.

Definitions, epidemiology, and outcomes of persistent/chronic critical illness: a scoping review for translation to clinical practice.

Background: Medical advances in intensive care units (ICUs) have resulted in the emergence of a new patient population-those who survive the initial acute phase of critical illness, but require prolonged ICU stays and develop chronic critical symptoms. This condition, often termed Persistent Critical Illness (PerCI) or Chronic Critical Illness (CCI), remains poorly understood and inconsistently reported across studies, resulting in a lack of clinical practice use. This scoping review aims to systematically review and synthesize the existing literature on PerCI/CCI, with a focus on definitions, epidemiology, and outcomes for its translation to clinical practice.

Altered trial-to-trial responses to reward outcomes in KCNMA1 knockout mice during probabilistic learning tasks.

The large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels, encoded by the KCNMA1 gene, play important roles in neuronal function. Mutations in KCNMA1 have been found in patients with various neurodevelopmental features, including intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous studies of KCNMA1 knockout mice have suggested altered activity patterns and behavioral flexibility, but it remained unclear whether these changes primarily affect immediate behavioral adaptation or longer-term learning processes.