Myeloid Cells Induce Infiltration and Activation of B Cells and CD4+ T Follicular Helper Cells to Sensitize Brain Metastases to Combination Immunotherapy.

Brain metastasis (BM) is a poor prognostic factor in cancer patients. Despite showing efficacy in many extracranial tumors, immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) or anti-CTLA-4 mAb appears to be less effective against intracranial tumors. Promisingly, recent clinical studies have reported that combination therapy with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 mAbs has a potent antitumor effect on BM, highlighting the need to elucidate the detailed mechanisms controlling the intracranial tumor microenvironment (TME) to develop effective immunotherapeutic strategies.

A new Drosophila melanogaster research resource: CRISPR-induced mutations for clonal analysis of fourth chromosome genes.

As part of an ongoing effort to generate comprehensive resources for the experimental analysis of fourth chromosome genes in Drosophila melanogaster, the Fourth Chromosome Resource Project has used CRISPR mutagenesis with single guide RNAs to isolate mutations in 62 of the 80 fourth chromosome, protein-coding genes. These mutations were induced on a fourth chromosome bearing a basal FRT insertion to facilitate experimental approaches involving FLP recombinase-induced mitotic recombination. To permit straightforward comparisons among mutant stocks, most of the mutations were generated on isogenic fourth chromosomes, which were then crossed into a common genetic background.

Coping strategies and changes in type D personality were associated with depressive tendency at 9 months after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Type D personality, characterized by negative affectivity and social inhibition, has been associated with both the psychophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) and depressive disorders. However, few reports have described the impact of coping strategies in these patients. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of type D personality and the coping strategies adopted by patients with CAD and to explore the factors associated with depressive tendencies during follow-up.

Spectral study of COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: The dependence of spectral gradient on the population size of the community.

We have carried out spectral analysis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) notifications in all 47 prefectures in Japan. The results confirm that the power spectral densities (PSDs) of the data from each prefecture show exponential characteristics, which are universally observed in the PSDs of time series generated by nonlinear dynamical systems, such as the susceptible/exposed/infectious/recovered (SEIR) epidemic model. The exponential gradient increases with the population size.

Dynamic Control of Weight-Update Linearity in Magneto-Ionic Synapses.

Multifunctional hardware technologies for neuromorphic computing are essential for replicating the complexity of biological neural systems, thereby improving the performance of artificial synapses and neurons. Integrating ionic and spintronic technologies offers new degrees of freedom to modulate synaptic potentiation and depression, introducing novel magnetic functionalities alongside the established ionic analogue behavior. We demonstrate that magneto-ionic devices can perform as synaptic elements with dynamically tunable depression linearity controlled by an external magnetic field, a functionality reminiscent of neuromodulation in biological systems.

Preparation of Small Extracellular Vesicles Using Sequential Ultrafiltration with Regenerated Cellulose Membranes of Different Molecular Weight Cutoffs: A Study of Morphology and Size by Electron Microscopy.

There is still room for improvement in the isolation and purification techniques for extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly in the separation of exosomes (small EVs) from other membrane vesicles such as microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. Furthermore, it is crucial to establish preparation methods that preserve the intrinsic properties of EVs in this context. In this study, we focus on the isolation and preparation of small EVs, exosomes, from the culture supernatant of a human cell line.

Cathode Design Based on Nitrogen Redox and Linear Coordination of Cu Center for All-Solid-State Fluoride-Ion Batteries.

All-solid-state fluoride-ion batteries (FIBs) have attracted extensive attention as candidates for next-generation energy storage devices; however, promising cathodes with high energy density are still lacking. In this study, CuN is investigated as a cathode material for all-solid-state fluoride-ion batteries, which offers enough anionic vacancies around the 2-fold coordinated Cu center for F intercalation, thereby enabling a multielectron-transferred fluorination process. The contribution of both cationic and anionic redox to charge compensation, in particular, the generation of molecular nitrogen species in highly charged states, has been proved by several synchrotron-radiation-based spectroscopic technologies.

A Bioabsorbable Implant Seeded with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Adipose Regeneration.

Adipose tissue engineering requires effective strategies for regenerating adipose tissue, with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) being favored due to their robust self-renewal capacity and multipotent differentiation potential. In this study, the efficacy of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) mesh containing collagen sponge (CS), seeded with ASCs to promote adipose tissue formation, was investigated. PLLA-CS implants seeded with GFP-positive ASCs were inserted at high concentration (1 × 10 cells/implant, H-ASC) and low concentration (1 × 10 cells/implant, L-ASC), as were unseeded controls.

Identifying Community-Built Environment's Effect on Physical Activity and Depressive Symptoms Trajectories Among Middle-aged and Older Adults: Chinese National Longitudinal Study.

Background: The effects of physical activity (PA) across different domains and intensities on depressive symptoms remain inconclusive. Incorporating the community-built environment (CBE) into longitudinal analyses of PA's impact on depressive symptoms is crucial.

Objective: This study aims to examine the effects of PA at different intensities-low-intensity PA (eg, walking activities) and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (eg, activities requiring substantial effort and causing faster breathing or shortness of breath)-across leisure-time and occupational domains on depressive symptom trajectories among middle-aged and older adults.

sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov. and gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human faeces.

Small, obligately anaerobic strains 13CB8C, 13CB11C, 13CB18C and 13GAM1G were isolated from a faecal sample in a patient with Parkinson's disease with a history of duodenal resection. After conducting a comprehensive polyphasic taxonomic analysis including genomic analysis, we propose the establishment of one new genus and four new species. The novel bacteria are sp.

Constitutive chemical defense mechanism of inner bark of Sorbus commixta against Trametes versicolor.

Tree bark is a crucial tissue that defends tree stems from invasions by microorganisms. However, our understanding of the constitutive chemical defense mechanisms of the tree barks remains limited. Our group recently discovered that the inner bark of Sorbus commixta exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the growth of the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor.

Five-Year Results With Patisiran for Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Polyneuropathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial With Open-Label Extension.

Importance: There is a lack of long-term efficacy and safety data on hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (hATTR-PN) and on RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics in general. This study presents the longest-term data to date on patisiran for hATTR-PN.

Objective: To present the long-term efficacy and safety of patisiran in adults with hATTR-PN.

A randomized, crossover trial of one night of oxygen therapy for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease.

Background And Objective: There is no satisfactory treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) because of poor tolerance of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. Supplemental oxygen therapy has been shown to reduce hypoxemia and is well tolerated in patients with ILD. However, little is known about the effect of nocturnal oxygen supplementation (NOS) on OSA in patients with ILD.

A combination of low-temperature radiofrequency thermocoagulation and pulsed radiofrequency of the bilateral Gasserian ganglion for bilateral trigeminal neuralgia due to multiple sclerosis: a case report.

Background: Bilateral trigeminal neuralgia secondary to multiple sclerosis is an extremely rare condition. When Gasserian ganglion block is performed, it is necessary to achieve reliable long-term analgesic effects while avoiding treatment-related complications.

Case Presentation: A 49-year-old male with multiple sclerosis exhibited persistent dull pain and paroxysmal electric shock-like pain in his bilateral maxillary molars and mandible.

Impact of Fc-gamma receptor IIIA polymorphism on late-onset neutropenia and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients following rituximab induction therapy.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between the Fc-gamma receptor IIIA (FCGR3A) 158 polymorphism and clinical outcomes in kidney transplantation (KTx) patients. Specifically, we focused on late-onset neutropenia (LON) in ABO-incompatible (ABOi) or HLA-incompatible (HLAi) KTx recipients who underwent rituximab (RTx) desensitization therapy.

Methods: FCGR3A 158F/V polymorphisms were identified in 85 ABOi or HLAi KTx recipients who underwent RTx desensitization at our institution between April 2008 and October 2021.

Impact of depth of body cavity at the upper-right portion of the abdomen on open and laparoscopic liver resection of segment 7.

Purpose: The impact of body-cavity depth on open (OLR) and laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) of segment 7 remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the influence of body-cavity depth at the upper-right portion of the abdomen on LLR and OLR of segment 7.

Methods: In total, 101 patients who underwent segment-7 liver resection over 2010-2023 were included.

Ameliorative effects of squid phospholipids from Todarodes pacificus on atopic dermatitis-like lesions in NC/Nga mice.

Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic or relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by repeated exacerbations and remissions. Here, we investigated the effects of squid phospholipids (PLs) extracted from Todarodes pacificus on AD. The composition of squid PLs was analyzed using thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, and the effects of PLs on AD were investigated using a rat paw edema model and an AD-like mouse model (NC/Nga mice).

Association between preconception and early pregnancy exposure to fine particulate matter and nervous system anomalies: a nested case-control study.

Although several environmental factors may increase the risk of nervous system anomalies, the association between exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 2.5 μm (PM) and nervous system anomalies is not completely understood. This study aimed to examine the association between expoure to PM and nervous system anomalies, including specific phenotypes during preconception and early pregnancy and determine the crucial time windows.

PARADIGM-PV: a randomized, multicenter phase 4 study to assess the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with low- or high-risk polycythemia vera.

Polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by clonal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells with constitutively active somatic mutation(s) in the Janus kinase 2 gene. Phlebotomy (Phl) and aspirin are often used alone for low-risk PV patients. However, data from the Low-PV study demonstrated that Phl and aspirin may not be adequate for patients.

Running after two hares in visual working memory: Exploring retrospective attention to multiple items using simulation, behavioral outcomes, and eye tracking.

Multi-item retro-cueing effects refer to better working memory performance for multiple items when they are cued after their offset compared to a neutral condition in which all items are cued. However, several studies have reported boundary conditions, and findings have also sometimes failed to replicate. We hypothesized that a strategy to focus on only one of the cued items could possibly yield these inconsistent patterns.

Risankizumab Efficacy and Safety Based on Prior Inadequate Response or Intolerance to Advanced Therapy: Post Hoc Analysis of the INSPIRE and COMMAND Phase 3 Studies.

Background And Aims: Treating ulcerative colitis (UC) in patients with prior advanced therapy (AT) exposure may be challenging. We report the efficacy and safety of risankizumab, a monoclonal interleukin 23p19 antibody, in patients with UC and prior inadequate response or intolerance to AT (AT-IR).

Methods: In the 12-week phase 3 INSPIRE induction study, patients were randomized to intravenous risankizumab 1200 mg or placebo.

The Potential Role of Zika and Dengue Virus Infection in the Urogenital System Disorders: An Overview.

Arboviruses currently are regarded as a major worldwide public health concern. The clinical outcomes associated with this group of viruses may vary from asymptomatic infections to severe forms of haemorrhagic fever characterised by bleeding disorders. Similar to other systemic viral infections, arboviruses can either directly or indirectly affect different parts of the body, such as the urogenital system.